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 | | On Mattathias' death (166 BC) the leadership passed to his son Judas Maccabeus, from whose surname the family name is derived. |
 | | Jonathan was killed by treachery in 143 BC, and the last brother, Simon, succeeded; he was recognized by the other powers as civil ruler as well as high priest, and Palestine enjoyed some years of peace. |
 | | One of its members, Alexander, led an abortive rebellion in Syria, and in 40 BC Antigonus, the son of Aristobulus II, invaded Judaea with Parthian aid. |
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