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	History of Palestine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Around 1200 BCE the Hittite empire was conquered by allied tribes from the north.
		In 722 BCE, the northern Kingdom of Ephraim (commonly referred to as Israel, sometimes as Samaria) was destroyed by the Assyrians, the elite amongst its inhabitants were deported (giving rise to the legend of "the Lost Tribes") and replaced by settlers from elsewhere in the Assyrian Empire.
		After Alexander's death in 323 BCE, his empire was partitioned, and the competing Ptolemaic and Seleucid Empires occupied various portions of the eastern Mediterranean, including different parts of Palestine.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Syria_Palaestina (4649 words)

	Homer News Online - Holiday Village
		Around 200 BCE Jews lived as an autonomous people in the land of Israel, which at this time was controlled by the Seleucid King of Syria.
		By 180 BCE Antiochus IV Epiphanes ascended to the Seleucid throne.
		By 165 BCE the Jewish revolt against the Seleucid monarchy was successful.
	www.homernews.com /holidayvillage/hanukkah.shtml (1595 words)

	Table of Contents
		Author of the Judean revolt against the Greco-Syrian empire [166 BCE] and patriarch of the Hasmonean dynasty of Judean rulers.
		Judah was repelled, however, in his attempt to drive the Syrian garrison from the rest of Jerusalem and was defeated near the village of Beth Zechariah, southwest of Jerusalem [162 BCE].
		After her death [67 BCE] he was deposed by his younger brother, Aristobulus, but with the support of Antipater he was restored to the high-priesthood after Roman forces wrested control of Jerusalem from his brother's aristocratic supporters [63 BCE].
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/History/temp.html (1617 words)

	Daniel, date of, authorship date
		Naturalists use 165 BCE as the date of authorship for the book of Daniel.
		Dating Daniel to 165 BCE is not credible.
		Therefore, it is highly unlikely that Daniel was written in 165 BCE.
	www.harvardhouse.com /Daniel_date-written.htm (1500 words)

	Dead Sea Scrolls -- Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		That is the sack of Thebes in 664 or 671 BCE.
		BCE (Before the Common Era) is equivalent to, but used here in preference to, BC (Before Christ).
		Dendrochronological dating of timbers from an Aegean shipwreck containing a gold scarab of Queen Nefertiti seem to show that she was queen by about 1316 BCE, or at least no later than a date between 1316 and the year the ship sank.
	home.flash.net /~hoselton/deadsea/timeline.htm (10345 words)

	What is Chanukah Jewish Holidays 800-830-8660 - Menorahs Jewelry Dreidels Decorations
		Chanukah was instituted by Judah Maccabee and his brothers in the year 165 BCE, to be celebrated annually with joy as a memorial of the dedication of the altar in the Temple in Jerusalem.
		After having recovered Jerusalem and the Temple, Judah ordered the latter to be cleansed, a new altar to be built in place of the polluted one, and new holy vessels to be made.
		168 BCE: Under the reign of Antiochus IV, the Temple is looted, Jews are massacred, and Judaism is outlawed.
	www.milechai.com /judaism/chanukah.html (1040 words)

	Prophecy in the book of Daniel is not possible, Naturalism, Dead Sea Scrolls
		The 165 BCE date is preferred by modern scholars, who are best described as Naturalists.
		The conclusions support that we must question the "late date" of 165 BCE favored by modern scholars (Naturalists) for authorship of Daniel.
		The 165 BCE date appears to be based on the unproved theory of Naturalism.
	www.harvardhouse.com /Naturalist_Bias_against_Daniel.htm (619 words)

	[No title]
		The BCE will be corrected by the student in class and will be submitted for credit at the end of the class period on the day the assignment is due.
		Please note that the number of the each BCE corresponds to the number of the grammar section in which the grammar point involved is explained.
		Tarea para el 7: Complete L.6 BCE sections 1 and 2 (132-133) and be prepared to correct them in class.
	www.cameron.edu /~teresal/SPAN3113/F04_SPAN3113_ORD.html (1034 words)

	Heritage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		1st century BCE to 616 CE During the period of Roman rule, the Jewish population of Sardis was large, wealthy, and thoroughly integrated into the life of the city.
		During the Maccabean revolt (167 to 165 BCE) a number of Judeans were taken captive by the Greek forces of Syria, and some of them probably found their way to Greece as slaves.
		In 146 BCE, the last league of independent Greek states was conquered by Roman forces and Greece became a Roman province.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/heritage/episode2/atlas/map2.html (1360 words)

	EzekielpostDaniel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This article will argue that the Book of Ezekiel is either a composition of after 165 BCE or, at the very least, it possesses redactions from that period.
		165 BCE, based on the detailed events of Antiochus IV Epiphanes who attempted to force the Jews to give up their beliefs.
		It seems quite natural to me that Daniel's vision of 490 years ending in 97 BCE, at the height of Hasmonean power and prestige, would be an ideal time to write the Daniel story, in their days God extended His grace, making the oppressor the oppressed.
	www.homestead.com /bibleorigins*net/EzekielpostDaniel.html (1357 words)

	Avot031
		In 159 BCE, the high priest that the Maccabeans had opposed was killed and that position of power was open.
		He was killed as the result of one such episode and was succeeded in 143 BCE by yet another of the Hasmonean brothers, Simon.
		In 141 BCE it was declared that Judah was free from the control of Syria.
	www.bmv.org.il /Shiurim/avot/avot031.html (949 words)

	Chanukah
		First, and foremost, it means "dedication" because it was on Chanukah that the Bait Hamikdash (Holy Temple) was purified and rededicated to the service of Hashem, in 165 BCE, after many years of pagan defilement.
		("BCE" means "before common era.") The other meaning gives us an easy way to remember the Hebrew date of the holiday: "Chanu" means "they rested", and "Kah" (composed of the Hebrew letters for 25 - "Chof and Hay") means "on the twenty fifth" (day of Kislev).
		In 165 BCE, however, Judah and his men, with the help of HaShem, were about to complete a great victory, a triumph that lives on as the miracle of Chanukah.
	www.yashanet.com /holydays/chanukah.htm (2357 words)

	Erzulie-Lilith
		The symbolism in the myths of Apollo slaying Pytho, or St. George slaying the dragon, reflects patriarchal attempts to conquer the energies of Earth.
		The image on top of the staff is from a Syrian relief found at the Sanctuary of Hera at Samos, pre-5th century BCE; relief on the throne from a Cycladic relief of Hera as the Great Goddess, 680-70 BCE, Thebes; statue of Hera from Tarentum, Italy, 460 BCE.
		She is standing in front of the Gates of Ishtar, Babylonian, 6th century BCE; round image in her right hand is of Ishtar on a lion, 9th - 7th century BCE; statue of Ishtar in her left hand, 1000 BCE; bracelet and earrings, 4th century BCE; Babylonian necklace, 15th century BCE.
	www.goddessmyths.com /Erzulie-Lilith.html (1636 words)

	Satan: Early history
		The book of Daniel was seen as having been written by Daniel himself, in the 6th century CE, etc. Conservative Christians still believe this today, largely because the Bible mentions the identity of its authors in many locations, and conservatives believe the Bible to be inerrant.
		It is rather made up of a mixture of writings and editing by three individuals or groups: in 950 BCE by "J", 750 BCE for "E" and 539 BCE for "P".
		Deuteronomy was written in the 7th century BCE, and Daniel was written in the 2nd century BCE.
	www.religioustolerance.org /chr_sat2.htm (2441 words)

	The Hebrew Bible
		The traditional view of the Hebrew Bible (that is, Judaism and Christianity before the 19th century and the beginning of the academic use of historical, literary and textual analysis) held that its earliest piece was the Torah - that is, the five-book work that includes Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy.
		That work would include stories of the eating of the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, Cain and Abel, the flood that wiped out all humanity but Noah and his family, the tower of Babel, and the patriarchs of Israel (Abraham, Isaac and Jacob).
		While recognizing that a variety of perspectives are behind the text, we are looking for a way to read what none of the individual writers could actually have imagined: a reading that relies on all the writers, but was available to none.
	www.mc.maricopa.edu /~tomshoemaker/handouts/tanak.html (901 words)

	A Study of Numerological Simularity within Apocalypses
		The Apocrypha was mostly written in the period between the writing of the last Old Testament book and the first New Testament book [approximately 165 BCE - 50 CE], with the exception of a few coming after 50 CE, and consists of 15 books (Fritsch 161).
		These works were produced in Jewish circles between the years 165 BCE and 200 CE (Russell 34).
		Apocalyptic writings are important to understanding the time period from the 5th century BCE to the 3rd century CE.
	www.msu.edu /~bellskyt/rel290.htm (2953 words)

	Geborei - Ashdod (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In 734 BCE the city capitulated to Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria and in 712 BCE Sargon crushed a rebellion led by Ashdod which then became the capital of an Assyrian province (cf.
		Its suburbs were burnt by Jonathan (I Macc 10:84); 11:4) and the city was captured by John Hyrcanus (c.
		It was rebuilt by Gabinius (55 BCE) and later changed hands several times, eventually becoming the property of Herod, who gave to his sister Salome; she bequeathed it to Livia, the wife of Augustus Caesar, from whom it was inherited by the emperor Tiberius (ibid, 14:75, 88; 17:189; 18:31).
	www.thing.net /~grist/golpub/fowler/paulup/geborei/ashdod.htm (265 words)

	EzekielsCherubim
		Some scholars have suggested that Daniel was written about 165 BCE in the days of Antiochus Epihanes IV who ruled over Syria and who set up a Greek god in the Temple at Jerusalem for the Jews to worship.
		Below, a Greek vase painting of the 5th century BCE (the Persian Period) showing the Grain-god Triptolemos riding a chariot which is self-propelled with winged wheels ca.
		The scene is described as King Sargon II (reigned circa 722-705 BCE) with his son the Crown Prince Sennacherib adoring the Assyrian god Asshur who stands atop a dais.
	www.bibleorigins.net /EzekielsCherubim.html (2821 words)

	frontline: apocalypse!: primary sources: apocalyptic literature
		The great prophets of Israel, such as Isaiah or Jeremiah, were primarily concerned with delivering the "word of the Lord," meaning oracles calling on the people to respond to divine direction.
		A future-looking sense of history was born, and we see these ideas especially in some of the proto-apocalyptic writers from the end of the prophetic tradition, such as the "Third Isaiah" writer and the compilers of Ezekiel.
		Apocalyptic thinking was extremely influential in Jewish tradition between the second century BCE and third century CE; however, the disastrous failure of the lltwo revolts against Rome (in 70 and 135 CE, respectively) caused the radical political dimension of apocalyptic tradition to undergo some key changes.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/apocalypse/primary/white.html (551 words)

	Chanukah on Virtual Jerusalem
		Step into the Time Machine and zoom backwards to 175 BCE when Antiochus began to enforce Hellenistic culture on all peoples who came under his rule.
		Mattathias, the Hasmonean, son of Yochanan the High Priest, left Jerusalem and settled in Modi'in, a Judean village nearby.
		Tryphon was subsequently forced to return to Syria in 142 B.C.E. The Akra was finally cut off from its base of support which resulted in its inhabitants being expelled from their stronghold in 141 B.C.E. The Jews entered the Akra on 23rd Iyar with great joy and declaring the day to be a festival.
	www.virtualjerusalem.com /jeisholidays/chanukah/time2.htm (761 words)

	Timeline 1
		722/721 BCE - Northern Kingdom (Israel) conquered by Assyrians, population dispersed (= “lost tribes of Israel”)
		600-580 BCE - Judean Prophets, Jeremiah and Ezekiel
		538 BCE – Cyrus the Persian conquers Babylon.
	www.annettereed.com /rutgers/timeline1.htm (389 words)

	Messiah (15): Messianic expectations
		During the sixth century BCE, the exiled Jews in Babylonia started to hope for a special Anointed One who was to bring them home; several written prophecies were fulfilled when the Persian king Cyrus the Great did in fact allow them to return.
		In the second century BCE, the Jews were again suffering from repression, and the old prophecies became relevant again.
		We have now treated the current messianologies and messianic expectations in the three centuries between c.165 BCE and c.140 CE.
	www.livius.org /men-mh/messiah/messiah_15.html (1026 words)

	Hanukkah, Chanukkah by aJudaica
		Hanukkah, an eight-day holiday which begins on the 25th day of the Hebrew month of Kislev (November-December), is observed in order to commemorate the re-dedication of the Temple in 165 BCE.
		In the second century BCE, the Greek-Syrian king Antiochus ordered that all people living in his empire must worship Hellenistic gods.
		In response to this sacrilege, it is said that Judas Maccabees, a member of the Hasmonean family which ruled Judah at the time, organized a successful rebellion against the Syrians in 165 BCE.
	www.ajudaica.com /Jewish_holidays/Hanukkah (633 words)

	167-143 BCE - War against Greece - Hanukah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Mattathias dies in the spring of 165 BCE and is replaced by Judah.
		After the death of Judah in battle (160 BCE), his brothers Jonathan and Simon lead the Hasmoneans until 152 BCE when Jonathan is made high priest and governor of the Jews and becomes the independent ruler.
		Part of the Acra fortress is destroyed and the rest is turned into a residence for the Hasmonean rulers.
	www.jerusalem-archives.org /period1/1-13.html (613 words)

	Josephus' Lineage
		There is no good reason to question Josephus' report that his own father, Matthew, was born in the last year of Archelaus' reign [6 CE].
		But in order for this Matthew to be the son of a Joseph who was born in the last year of Queen Salome's reign [68 BCE], the father would have been 74 years old when he sired a son.
		While not beyond biological credibility, it is more likely that at least one or, more likely, two generations were dropped in Josephus' hasty recounting of his family's history at the beginning of his apologetical autobiography.
	virtualreligion.net /iho/josephus2.html (815 words)

	BARUCH, NRSV APOCRYPHA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The book of Baruch was probably written sometime between 200 and 60 BCE; it is set, however, during the Babylonian exile of the early sixth century BCE and attributed to Jeremiah's friend and secretary, Baruch son of Neriah (Jer 32.12; 36.4; 43.3; 45.1).
		165 BCE) imply a date not earlier than the middle of the second century BCE.
		The idea of a letter or scroll written in Babylon to be read aloud in Jerusalem is derived from the exchange of letters recorded in Jer 29 and the scroll of Jeremiah's oracles penned by Baruch and read before King Jehoiakim in 605 BCE (Jer 36).
	www.anova.org /sev/htm/ap/06_baruch.htm (2833 words)

	Exploring our Jewish roots - Week 9 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Judaism in the time of Jesus: 6 BCE - 36 CE.
		The Pompey conquers Israel for Rome, 63 BCE.
		New masters, Greek thought and culture are still the enemy.
	www.cvkimball.com /Exploring/Class_notes/Jesus.html (389 words)

	Chanukah
		Hanukkah means “dedication”, referring to the rededication of the Temple after a great Jewish military victory in 165 BCE This feast did not originate with Moses, nor is it even mandated in the Bible.
		In 167 BCE soldiers came to Modin outside Jerusalem to force Greek worship on an influential Jewish family led by Matathias and his 5 sons.
		He tore down the Greek altar and drove off the soldiers with the battle cry, “Whoever is for the Lord, follow me!” This was the beginning of the Jewish rebellion.
	www.israelsharvest.com /Chanukah.htm (1228 words)

	Hanukkah
		Hanukkah, the Jewish Festival of Lights celebrates the revolt of the Maccabees in 165 BCE against the Syrian-Greek forces that had been occupying the Jewish temple in Jerusalem.
		After chasing the invading forces out, the victors found only enough oil in the desecrated temple to last one day, but miraculously the flame survived for eight days.
		Take the family on a cultural outing another night such as a trip to the theater, symphony, or ballet.
	oldweb.uwp.edu /admin/multicultural.affairs/program_WCC_hanukkah.htm (475 words)

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