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Topic: 166 BCE

	BCE Releases Earnings - Discount Long Distance Digest - 142-039
		BCE also recorded net gains on investments of $122 million, mainly the gain on the sale by Bell Canada of an approximate 36% interest in Telebec and Northern Telephone.
		BCE Emergis' revenue was $142 million in the quarter, compared with $159 million in revenues for the same period in 2001, due mainly to a decline in non-recurring revenues.
		BCE Ventures' revenue was $261 million in the quarter, flat compared with the same period of 2001.
	www.thedigest.com /more/142/142-039.html (1904 words)

	Table of Contents
		Author of the Judean revolt against the Greco-Syrian empire [166 BCE] and patriarch of the Hasmonean dynasty of Judean rulers.
		Judah was repelled, however, in his attempt to drive the Syrian garrison from the rest of Jerusalem and was defeated near the village of Beth Zechariah, southwest of Jerusalem [162 BCE].
		After her death [67 BCE] he was deposed by his younger brother, Aristobulus, but with the support of Antipater he was restored to the high-priesthood after Roman forces wrested control of Jerusalem from his brother's aristocratic supporters [63 BCE].
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/History/temp.html (1617 words)

	Mykonos island - Mykonos and Delos maps and yacht charter guide
		After their displacement by Ionians in the 1st millennium BCE the island became the main centre of the cult of Apollo, and splendid games - said to have been originally established by Theseus - were held annually in honour of the god.
		BCE Peisistratos carried out a purification (catharsis) of the island by removing all tombs from the area round the sanctuary, and in a second purification in 426-425 BCE all births, deaths and burials on the island were prohibited and the existing tombs were removed to the neighbouring island of Rinia (Rhinia).
		In 166 BCE the Romans gained control of Delos, and thereafter assigned it to Athens.
	www.sailingissues.com /greekislands/mykonos.html (704 words)

	Homer News Online - Holiday Village
		Around 200 BCE Jews lived as an autonomous people in the land of Israel, which at this time was controlled by the Seleucid King of Syria.
		By 180 BCE Antiochus IV Epiphanes ascended to the Seleucid throne.
		By 166 BCE Mattathias had died, and Judah took his place as leader.
	www.homernews.com /holidayvillage/hanukkah.shtml (1595 words)

	Antiochus IV Epiphanes
		Since the third son of Antiochus III was not in direct line for the Seleucid throne, he was sent to Rome as a royal hostage after his father's defeat by the Romans (189 BCE).
		Torah observance was outlawed and the imperial cult brought into the Jewish temple itself with the erection of a statue of Antiochus as Zeus with a Hellenistic altar of sacrifice.
		Meanwhile, the concentration of the bulk of his forces in the eastern provinces enabled the family of a Jewish priest named Mattathias to oust the Antiochene party from Jerusalem, purge the temple and begin the formation of an independent Jewish state.
	virtualreligion.net /iho/antiochus_4.html (614 words)

	Artemis: Hellenistic Wreathed Coinages of the Aegean, Kyme, Magnesia & Myrina
		Beginning about 166 BCE, Athens and a few Greek cities in the Northern Aegean began to issue a new style of silver coinage on the Attic standard.
		Paullus’ victory was widely hailed as a victory for all of Greece, and Athens was rewarded in 166 BCE with the opening (under her supervision) of a major free trade port at Delos.
		With Roman help, Prusias was soon crushed, and in 154 BCE, and as part of the peace settlement, Prusias was obliged to pay a huge indemnity of 100 talents of silver to the Greek cities that he had made war on.
	www.realtreasures.com /artemis.htm (943 words)

	Tell el-Far'ah - Archaeology Timeline
		The attempted revolt of Josiah's son Jehoiakim in 600 BCE against the Babylonians resulted in the destruction of Judah and began the forced exile of its elite to Babylon; thus beginning the period of the Babylonian Exile.
		In 539 BCE Cyrus II entered Babylon, thus ending the period of the Babylonian exile and ushering in a new period of prosperity and reconstruction within the region of the Eastern Mediterranean under the Persians.
		This alliance was renewed again in 139 BCE and because of intermittent Roman activity in the orient, the stage was set for the entrance of Roman general Pompée between 66-62 BCE.
	farahsouth.cgu.edu /timeline/main.htm (3466 words)

	Delos
		The remains of a building, located to the northwest of the three Temples of Apollo, with three restored columns of grayish blue marble belong to a stoa that faced the sea and is associated with the Artemision (Sanctuary of the goddess Artemis).
		The northernmost shrine of the Establishment of the Poseidoniasts from Beirut was dedicated to the the worship of the goddess Roma.
		A characteristic work of the closing years of the 2nd century BCE, the garments with their rich draperies are consistent with Hellenistic tradition and in no way recall the goddess' relationship to Egypt, which was perhaps indicated only by her head.
	www.grisel.net /delos.htm (3994 words)

	What is Chanukah Jewish Holidays 800-830-8660 - Menorahs Jewelry Dreidels Decorations
		Chanukah was instituted by Judah Maccabee and his brothers in the year 165 BCE, to be celebrated annually with joy as a memorial of the dedication of the altar in the Temple in Jerusalem.
		After having recovered Jerusalem and the Temple, Judah ordered the latter to be cleansed, a new altar to be built in place of the polluted one, and new holy vessels to be made.
		63 BCE: The Hasmonean Jewish Kingdom comes to an end due to rivalry between the brothers Aristobulus II and Hyrcanus II, both of whom appeal to Rome to step in and settle the power struggle on their behalf.
	www.milechai.com /judaism/chanukah.html (1040 words)

	Hanukkah (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-11.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		168 BCE: Under the reign of Antiochus IV, the Temple is looted, Jews are massacred, and Judaism is outlawed.
		83 BCE: Consolidation of the Kingdom in territory east of the Jordan River.
		63 BCE: The Hasmonean Jewish Kingdom comes to an end due to rivalry between the brothers Aristobulus II and Hyrcanus II, both of whom appeal to the Roman Republic to intervene and settle the power struggle on their behalf.
	hanukkah.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (1674 words)

	The Tower of David Museum
		In each room of this 2,000 year old citadel another era of Jerusalem’s history is detailed through state of the art displays and exhibits..
		722 BCE - Fall of the Kingdom of Israel; expansion of Jerusalem under Hezekiah; decline and fall of Judah; Babylonian exile.
		166 BCE - Maccabean revolt; restoration of the Jewish autonomy; Hasmonean empire.
	www.jafi.org.il /education/noar/sites/kdvid~1.htm (334 words)

	Chapter Four (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		By 173 BCE, mimes are the mainstay of the festival Floria.
		Accius, Lucius* 170-c.84 BCE Writer of tragedies and reputed to be one of the foremost playwrights.
		In 13 BCE the theatre of Balbus* and in 11 BCE the theatre of Marcellus* are built.
	hometown.aol.com /clasz/chap4.html (14345 words)

	Kharoshti Script - (The Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies - CAIS)© (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The history begins circa 250 BCE when the Indo-Greeks in Bactria revolted against their Seleucid masters and formed an autonomous empire free from the suzerainty of an overlord.
		25 BCE -10 CE in North Afghanistan) coins were minted with the Greek legend on the obverse and the Kharoshti script on the reverse.
		150-100 BCE) temporarily independent of the Punjab area in the Pathankot region of the Beas river valley to the borders of Nepal.
	www.cais-soas.com /CAIS/Languages/kharoshti_script.htm (2058 words)

	HISTORY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Alexander (helper of man) Janneus was born in 104 BCE and died in 78 BCE, the son of John Hyrcanus, the Maccabean ruler.
		Antonius Marcus was born 83 BCE and died in 30 BCE.
		Servius Sulpicius Galba was born 3 BCE and died 69 CE.
	www.lebtahor.com /historytimeline/historylist.htm (7145 words)

	[No title]
		[BCE] Kuhn, R. Speech recognition and the frequency of recently used words: A modified Markov model for natural language.
		[BCE] Nakamura, J. On the methodologies of quantitative groupings of English texts.
		[BCE] Renouf, A. The elicitation of spoken English.
	nora.hd.uib.no /icame/icame-bib2.txt (4840 words)

	Chanukah on Virtual Jerusalem
		Step into the Time Machine and zoom backwards to 175 BCE when Antiochus began to enforce Hellenistic culture on all peoples who came under his rule.
		Mattathias, the Hasmonean, son of Yochanan the High Priest, left Jerusalem and settled in Modi'in, a Judean village nearby.
		Tryphon was subsequently forced to return to Syria in 142 B.C.E. The Akra was finally cut off from its base of support which resulted in its inhabitants being expelled from their stronghold in 141 B.C.E. The Jews entered the Akra on 23rd Iyar with great joy and declaring the day to be a festival.
	www.virtualjerusalem.com /jewish_holidays/chanukah/time2.htm (761 words)

	Ancient Jewish History
		The Torah is a contract, and from ~550 BCE, it was the civil law of the Jews.
		For Judah itself, this (300-200 BCE) was a century of peace.
		Began the History of the Jews with the Creation, completed at the outbreak of the Great Revolt (all of antquity is defined by the writing of Josephus - he created the period in terms of measuring its time).
	www.zoned.net /~amy/ancient.html (3633 words)

	Independent Weekly: Columns: Up Front: The Hammer
		In 168 BCE, Antiochus' army invaded Jerusalem and desecrated the Temple, the center of Jewish life and prayer.
		Mattathias was profoundly religious, and though he overcame objections from a particularly strict group that refused to fight on the Sabbath, he was as harsh on collaborators as he was on the enemy.
		With the death of Mattathias in around 166 BCE, leadership of the resistance passed to his third son, Judah.
	www.indyweek.com /gyrobase/Content?oid=oid:20746 (594 words)

	Re: orion-list 1QM Col. ix.3-5; War Scroll string
		I wrote: > > Finally, historical allusions indicate that 1QM 2-9 was written in > > winter 163 BCE, and the final redaction of the War Scroll in > > summer 163 BCE, before the battle with Lysias in late summer / early fall.
		The initial battle between the sons of light and the "army of Belial" => the clash of Maccabean forces with the Seleucid army under Lysias in late 164 BCE (1 Macc.
		The battle against the "troops of the Kittim of Ashur, these being in league with the violators of the covenant" => the seige of the Seleucid and Jewish renegade forces in the Acra in summer 163 BCE (1 Macc.
	orion.mscc.huji.ac.il /orion/archives/1999b/msg00287.html (630 words)

	The Maccabees
		The death of Alexander the Great of Greece in 323 BCE led to the breakup of the Greek empire as three of his generals fought for supremacy and divided the Middle East among themselves.
		When a Greek official tried to force a priest named Mattathias to make a sacrifice to a pagan god, the Jew murdered the man. Predictably, Antiochus began reprisals, but in 167 BCE the Jews rose up behind Mattathias and his five sons and fought for their liberation.
		The family of Mattathias became known as the Maccabees, from the Hebrew word for "hammer," because they were said to strike hammer blows against their enemies.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/History/Maccabees.html (611 words)

	The Story of Hannuka
		From 168 BCE, the Syrian Greeks and their assimilated Jewish allies waged a brutal campaign to impose their alien way of life on the Jewish people in the land of Israel.
		In the year 166 BCE, however, one man changed the course of history.
		It was not until 142 BCE that the Greeks were finally driven out.
	www.jewishmag.com /38mag/rudman/rudman.htm (1258 words)

	Plato of Bactria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The style of Plato's coins suggests that he was a relative — most likely a brother since Plato is a middle-aged man on his coins — of Eucratides the Great, whose rise to power is dated to around 170-165 BCE.
		Some of Plato's coins have inscriptions which may be possibly be interpreted as dates using the Indo-Greek era which started around 186 BCE.
		This matches the dating given by numismatician Bopearachchi, who places Plato between 145-140 BCE, since his coins are not found in the ruins of Ai Khanoum, a Bactrian city which was destroyed during the reign of Eucratides.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Plato_of_Bactria (264 words)

	Greco-Bactrian Kingdom - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There is a possibility that the 210 BCE Terracotta Army of the first Chinese emperor Qin Shi Huang, with its colored life-size realism and technical virtuosity, may have been inspired by Greek statuary, as there is no prior evidence of any Chinese realistic life-sized human statues before the reign of Qin.
		However, contacts were kept with his Greek neighbours in the Seleucid Empire, a dynastic alliance or the recognition of intermarriage between Greeks and Indians were established (described as an agreement on Epigamia in Ancient sources), and several Greeks, such as the historian Megasthenes, resided at the Mauryan court.
		It is not clear whether the incursion of the Yueh-Chih consisted in an invasion of the Greco-Bactrian territory, or possibly a resettlement in front of the Xiongnu attacks from the north, reminiscent of the Roman practice of the foederati.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Greco-Bactrian_Kingdom (3775 words)

	Temple Beth Sholom: The Rabbi's Monthly: December 2005
		In 166 BCE, the known world had a single superpower, the Seleucids.
		In 166 BCE, the Seleucid king Antiochus felt that the realm would best be united if everyone worshiped the same gods that the Syrians worshiped.
		So in 165 BCE and in 2003 CE, the local population conducted a nationalistic uprising against the occupying world power.
	www.tbssanleandro.org /rabbi2005_12.html (545 words)

	Chanukkah: The Jews Revolt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In Modin, Matthias Hasmon killed a Jewish reformer, 166 BCE.
		Rededication and cleansing of the Temple in 164 BCE- Chanukkah means "dedication/purification"
		Maccabees won Jewish independence from the Seleucids after 25 years of war, in 141 BCE (exempt from taxes, Simon Maccabee became ruler)
	www.expage.com /chanukkah4 (94 words)

	The Prophecy of Daniel 11 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In 240 BCE, the king of the North, Seleucus II, attempted to invade Egypt in response to the humiliation he had suffered at the hands of Ptolemy III.
		In 170 BCE, when Antiochus IV felt secure about the state of his own kingdom, he decided to take Egypt by force in what came to be known as the Sixth Syrian War.
		Worsening the situation was the fact that, in 32 BCE, Antony divorced his Roman wife, Octavia (the sister of Octavius) and ceded many of the eastern Roman territories to Cleopatra and their children.
	users.aristotle.net /~bhuie/Daniel11.htm (10123 words)

	A Timeline of the History of Israel
		Documents unearthed in Mesopotamia, dating back to 2000- 1500 BCE, corroborate aspects of their nomadic way of life as described in the Bible.
		King David (c.1004-965 BCE) established Israel as a major power in the region by successful military expeditions, including the final defeat of the Philistines, as well as by constructing a network of friendly alliances with nearby kingdoms.
		After Solomon's death (930 BCE), open insurrection led to the breaking away of the ten northern tribes and division of the country into a northern kingdom, Israel, and a southern kingdom, Judah, on the territory of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin.
	contenderministries.org /middleeast/timeline.php (2520 words)

	Israel Hasbara Committee
		2040 BCE Abraham (the Hebrew) born at Ur of the Chaldeans
		1865 BCE Death of Abraham, buried at Hebron in cave of Machpelah beside Sarah, his wife.
		1007 BCE Dedication of Temple in Jerusalem to house the Holy Ark and tablets of the covenant and to serve as national and religious center for the Jewish people
	www.infoisrael.net /cgi-local/text.pl?source=3/b/291020021 (1329 words)

	History
		Yavneh-Yam, however, is not mentioned in the main sources of the Persian period, such as the writings of Herodotus and Pseudo-Skylax, or the inscription on the famous sarcophagus of Eshmounezer of Sidon, speaking of the Sidonian expansion under Artaxerxes II (404-359/8 BCE).
		The king occupied and destroyed the Temple at Jerusalem, killing the men, selling the women and children into slavery, forbidding the observance of Jewish laws, such as Sabbath and circumcision, and settling in the area of the Temple Mount a community of loyal population including Jews.
		The year 166 BCE was crucial: at Modiin, in the Judean Hills, Mattathias and his 5 sons, John, Simeon, Judas, Eleazar and Jonathan called the "Maccabees" or the "Hasmoneans", refused to obey the King’s officer sent to Modiin in order to insist upon the presentation of the sacrifice.
	www.tau.ac.il /~yavneyam/history.htm (2115 words)

	FFOZ \| IsraelFocus : Jerusalem — 4000 Years (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In 918 BCE Shishak, King of Egypt plunders Temple and carries off much gold and silver.
		Priests from Jerusalem meet the invading army of Alexander and dissuade him from destroying Jerusalem by showing him Scriptures that predict his rise to power.
		Worship and sacrifices halted on 15 December 167 BCE.
	ffoz.org /israelfocus/archives/catagory/history/000039.shtml (1408 words)

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