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Topic: 1660s in Canada

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16th century in Canada

History of Canada

Fur trade

Canada

	Canada in the Making - Glossary
		Canada's most famous charter company is Hudson's Bay Company, which in 1670 was given a monopoly on the fur trade in the vast area making up the watershed of the Hudson's Bay.
		For example, people who had assisted the army during the 1837 and 1838 rebellions, or had suffered damage because of the army's actions, were repaid and protected by law from lawsuits that might arise from their actions to help the army.
		A treaty between Canada and the U.S. Following the American Revolution in 1783, Aboriginals in the newly created United States began to be pushed further west by white settlement, despite the fact that the Royal Proclamation of 1763 created a specific Indian Territory.
	www.canadiana.org /citm/glossaire/glossaire1_e.html (12220 words)

	Canada
		Canada's Athletes of the 20th Century Canada's Athletes of the 20th Century as voted on in a 1999 survey of newspaper ed...
		Citizenship and Immigration Canada Citizenship and Immigration Canada is the department responsible for 1994.
		Clerk of the Privy Council (Canada) The Clerk of the Privy Council is the senior Prime Minister of Canada's Deputy Minis...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/canada.html (9434 words)

	1660s in Canada -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It is traditionally said that the small party fights so well that the Iroquois decide not to attack Montreal.
		Lawrence River as far as (The largest freshwater lake in the world; the deepest of the Great Lakes) Lake Superior, plus the (An inland sea in northern Canada) Hudson Bay region, for England.
		1669: HBC Ft. Charles, at foot of (The southern extension of Hudson Bay in Canada between western Quebec and northeastern Ontario) James Bay, becomes Ft. Rupert.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/1/16/1660s_in_Canada.htm (779 words)

	About Canada
		Canada encompasses territory from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and from the high Arctic to the northern border of the continental U.S.A. Although very much a "northern" country, the terrain and geography of Canada is very diverse.
		Canada's coastlines are thousands of miles long, with fjords, and long, wild rivers leading to the oceans.
		Canada has played its part in the major events of the 20th century, including both world wars, and today holds a prominent position in international politics.
	www.thaicongenvancouver.org /canadacontent.htm (1757 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The first census conducted in Canada was conducted in 1666, by French intendant Jean Talon, when he took a census to ascertain the number of people living in New France.
		In 1871, Canada's first formal census was conducted, which counted the population of Nova Scotia, Ontario, New Brunswick, and Quebec.
		Censuses in Canada are conducted in five-year intervals.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Census (5205 words)

	Multicultural Canada
		Although a reliable estimate of the population of Canada 500 years ago cannot be made, it is clear that in most of Canada the biotic carrying capacity (the extent to which an environment can support plants and animals) was low, and that the human population density was also low.
		In Lower Canada, where agricultural land in the St Lawrence lowland was already taken, the immigrant stream was deflected northward into the timber camps of the Shield fringe or south into the Eastern Townships.
		Canada was only briefly attractive: late in the eighteenth century, to Loyalists and land seekers, and early in the twentieth century, when land was still available in Saskatchewan and Alberta after the American frontier had closed.
	www.multiculturalcanada.ca /ecp/content/peopling.html (7683 words)

	Canada, An Early History, Part Two
		It was given broad powers and wide responsibility: the monopoly of trade with all New France, Acadia as well as Canada; powers of government; the obligation to take out 400 settlers a year; and the task of keeping New France in the Roman Catholic faith.
		An attempt at settlement there was made by Sir William Alexander, to whom Nova Scotia (New Scotland) had been granted by the Scottish king James VI (after 1603, James I of England).It is difficult to estimate the effect of the war on the policy of the Hundred Associates.
		Torn by feuds among French rivals, claimed by England, and occupied by New Englanders eager to exploit its fishery, Acadia did not again become an effective part of New France until 1667-70.The strength of the royal government was in inverse proportion to the weakness of a small and scattered population.
	history-world.org /canada1.htm (1690 words)

	Early Canada Historical Narratives -- CHAMPLAIN & THE FUR TRADE
		His work in what is Canada bears witness to his consuming passion: the widening of man's knowledge of the world.
		His gifts of curiosity and enterprise were bound to the service of trading companies and the monarchy, however, he saw beyond their narrow sights and grew to love this vast land of forests, rivers and lakes.
		It could be claimed that a prolific little animal was the real founder of Canada for the melding of the river and the fur trade determined Canada's history during the course of three centuries.
	www.uppercanadahistory.ca /finna/finna2.html (9761 words)

	CANADA
		We decided to fly on Air Canada primarily because we were reluctant to be a possible target on an American airline, after the 9-11 tragedy.
		It was donated by the Irish in Canada in appreciation for the help given to them by this country at the time of their immigration due to the potato famine.
		Canada Online:This is your guide to hundreds of sites about Canada and about the Province of Quebec specifically.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/meow/Canada.htm (3723 words)

	Multicultural Canada
		Many families in Canada are deeply rooted in the history of Brittany, and Canadians of French stock are heirs to a substantial legacy from this land that maintained its independence until the sixteenth century.
		Breton migration to Canada in the last quarter of the nineteenth century was a response to promotion campaigns conducted by Catholic missionaries looking for recruits to settle the Canadian west.
		Hence, occupational diversity was a characteristic of Breton settlement in Canada.
	www.multiculturalcanada.ca /ecp/content/bretons.html (5543 words)

	Supreme Court of Canada - Decisions - R. v. Gruenke
		The fact that the communications were not made to an ordained priest or minister or that they did not constitute a formal confession will not eliminate the possibility of the communications' being excluded.
		She stated that while it was not her preferred approach, she was bound to determine the admissibility of such communications on a case-by-case basis.
		All of the relevant circumstances must be considered and the Wigmore criteria applied in a manner which is sensitive to the fact of Canada's multicultural heritage.
	scc.lexum.umontreal.ca /en/1991/1991rcs3-263/1991rcs3-263.html (8937 words)

	The growth of Anglo-French rivalry (from Canada) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		In the 1660s two voyageurs, Médard Chouart des Groseilliers and Pierre Esprit Radisson fled to New England, exasperated by the high cost of the long haul back to Quebec and by the heavy tax on fur pelts.
		The idea for a merger of Canada's main conservative parties arose in the 1990s when national support for the Progressive Conservatives dwindled and the Reform Party (later the Canadian Alliance) was unable to expand its...
		Stretching westward from the Atlantic Ocean to the shores of the Pacific Ocean, and northward from its border with the United States to the icy waters of the Arctic Ocean, Canada is a huge and fascinating land of contrasts.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-42982 (850 words)

	Iroquois
		This was at New York City in 1796 on behalf of the Seven Nations of Canada relinquishing their claims to land in New York with the exception of 36 square miles on the New York-Quebec border which was preserved as the St. Regis Reservation.
		There is still division as to whether the council fire belongs with the Six Nations in Canada or the Onondaga in New York (New York finally returned the wampum belts of the Confederacy to the Onondaga in 1989).
		Canada imposed an election system on the Six Nations in 1924, but many Iroquois tribes have retained their traditional system of hereditary leadership.
	www.tolatsga.org /iro.html (22123 words)

	North America's First Experience with Paper Money: Card Money in New France - Mises Institute
		Until the 1660s, when there were still only about 3,000 French settlers in the St. Lawrence Valley, economic exchange in the colony took place primarily by barter.
		The government started manipulating the money in 1661, by ordaining that the value of currencies circulating in Canada should be 25% higher than their nominal values in France.
		By most accounts, the price level in Canada gradually increased to accommodate the revaluation so that the purchasing power of metropolitan currency was unchanged in the long run.
	www.mises.org /story/2091 (1978 words)

	Combined Operation: The Appropriation of Stoney Point Reserve and the Creation of Camp Ipperwash
		On 1 May 1919, P.C. 915 was approved by the Governor General of Canada, and the authority was "given for the division of the Chippewas of Sarnia Band and the Chippewas of Kettle Point and Stony Point Band, respectively, and for the division of the lands, capital and annuities.
		Crerar voiced that the Band members did "not complain that the Government of Canada has in the years gone by treated you unfairly as you must be aware what has been done for your people by Canada far exceeds anything stated or contemplated in the treaties to which you refer.
		In 1942, Canada was engaged in a struggle that was perceived to threaten her very being.
	members.tripod.com /~ksplibrary/stoneypoint.html (17878 words)

	Glossary
		Natick was one of several praying villages established in the 1660s by the English missionary John Eliot in Nipmuc homelands.
		The Tionantati or Petun, an Iroquoian people in southern Canada, were called the Tobacco Indians by the French and their neighbors for the quantities of tobacco they grew and traded.
		The Wôbanakiak who were impacted by the settlement of Deerfield or participated in the 1704 raid include: the Agawam, Nonotuck, Pocumtuck, Quaboag, and Woronoco of western MA; the Sokoki of MA, NH, and VT; the Cowass, and Missisquoi of VT; the Pennacook, Pequawket, and Pawtucket of NH; and the St. Francis Abenaki of Quebec.
	www.1704.deerfield.history.museum /list/glossary/all.do (15837 words)

	Massicotte Organization of the United States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		New France (Canada) into a royal province, with a Governor as the ceremonial and military head of the colony.
		Several colonists were tempted by the adventure in New-France (Canada), because they were unable to earn their living in France or to carry out their ambitions.
		The son of Jacques MASSICOT and Jeanne Landry, the future pioneer was born around 1658/1661 in Saint-Pierre de Juicq, in the bishropic of Saintes, in Saintonge, a province which sent many settlers to New France.
	members.macconnect.com /users/m/mactosh/hist_jacques.html (1677 words)

	Menominee
		By the 1660s, the competition for the available resources had turned Wisconsin into a land of war, epidemic, and starvation.
		Eventually, it evolved into the formal relationship of Onontio, the French governor of Canada, and his "Indian children." Combined with the trade goods on which the tribes became dependent, it became the basis of the military alliance between the French and the Great Lakes Algonquin.
		American soldiers occupied Michilimackinac, but their activities were confined to the immediate vicinity of the fort, and it was the British and Canadians who dominated the trade and tribes (including the Menominee) of the region until the 1830s.
	www.dickshovel.com /men.html (6089 words)

	counterweights - canadian politics and news - ON THE ROAD: Ontario's Canadian-American Schizophrenia
		People in Canada’s most populous province generally, however, "do not follow provincial politics as closely as federal politics." Not everyone will have seen the provocative interview with political scientist Nelson Wiseman, in the September 29, 2004 issue of IQP.
		On the eve of the War of 1812 the great majority of the new settlers in the old province of Upper Canada had come from the same wave of continental frontier migration that settled such neighbouring places as western New York, Ohio, and Michigan.
		As explained as long ago as the early 1960s, by the authoritative modern historian of Upper Canada: "They came to find a suitable field for their talents and energies, ready to find that field anywhere on the continent.
	www.counterweights.ca /cms/content/view/22 (1850 words)

	North Dakota Noxious and Troublesome Weeds
		Canada thistle is dioecious, so cross pollination is necessary for seed production.
		Canada thistle grows best in the northern portion of the United States, where temperature and rainfall are moderate.
		The first introductions to North America began in the 1660s and the plant is considered naturalized.
	www.ext.nodak.edu /extpubs/plantsci/weeds/w1103w.htm (3735 words)

	The Beginnings of the Children's (Folk) Music Industry in Canada: An Overview
		I think it was children's folk music because of who was listening to general folk music during the boom in the 196Os and early 70s, and who those people became during the mid-1970s: how they led their lives, what they demanded for themselves, and what they tried to give their children.
		In Canada, English Canada at any rate, the folk music revival was about society, togetherness in diversity, mosaic, nature, and so on, and it was accompanied by, and resulted in, sociocultural legislation and changes in consciousness: the Bi-and-Bi Commission, multiculturalism, back-to-the-land communities.
		The children's music industry was made possible in Canada by an adult population in Canada that cherished a warm, fuzzy, folk-festival worldview from the mid-1970s well into mid-1980s.
	cjtm.icaap.org /content/21/v21art4.html (4613 words)

	Carignan-SaliÃ¨res Regiment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		By the 1660s, NEW FRANCE was in danger of being destroyed by the IROQUOIS.
		In response, France sent some 1100 soldiers from the Carignan-Salières Regiment.
		About 400 soldiers stayed in New France and settled along the Richelieu River.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /PrinterFriendly.cfm?Params=J1ARTJ0001405 (86 words)

	Hamilton, Canada
		Canada > Ontario > Southern Ontario > Niagara Escarpment Region > Niagara Peninsula
		Located at the westernmost point of Lake Ontario, Hamilton is the third largest city in the province of Ontario and the main center of the Canadian steel industry (Hamilton Steel Co, etc).
		Hamilton is known to have been settled since the 1660s, but the city's foundation was actually in 1812.
	www.planetware.com /canada/hamilton-cdn-on-onh.htm (200 words)

	History of Nova Scotia, Before Dec 1699
		This was the beginning of European settlement in Canada, and the colony thus established is the oldest European settlement in North America with the exception of St. Augustine in Florida.
		Sir William Alexander, Earl of Stirling and Viscount of Canada, who was born at Menstrie Castle in 1567, and is often referred to as the "Founder of Nova Scotia," died bankrupt in London in 1644.
		This dispute was settled after the conquest of Canada, when the British government confirmed the original line of the Alexander grant as the boundary between the rival provinces.
	alts.net /ns1625/nshist01.html (11422 words)

	Huron
		The French claim was less complicated: exploration of the area during the 1660s and their military defeat of the Iroquois.
		By 1747 the French alliance was falling apart after a British blockade of Canada had cut the flow of French trade goods, This strengthened the competition from British traders, and attempts by the French to prevent this only made matters worse.
		While Washington formed his administration and decided how to take their lands in Ohio, the Wyandot in Canada were under British pressure to surrender land in southwest Ontario for the resettlement of American Tories displaced by the Revolutionary War.
	www.tolatsga.org /hur.html (12307 words)

	BIOTECanada : Canada's voice for biotechnology
		Canada is NUMBER ONE ranked as the least costly place in which to do research among G7 countries (Source: KPMG).
		Canada needs a fiscal framework to encourage investment and a regulatory regime to foster development.
		From Quebec City and Jean Talon's brewery using yeast and fermentation technology in the 1660s, to the first reference of biotechnology in print in 1919, to Canada's role in agriculture, industrial and health care developments to 2006, the Biotechnology Timeline illustrates how biotech research and discovery has taken off.
	www.biotech.ca /content.php?sec=3 (494 words)

	Canadian Heritage Adventures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The artist Sherrif-Scott’s giant mural—a retrospective of Canada as it was viewed in 1760 may now be viewed as a double page spread inside front and back covers.
		Canada’s first ever dinner theatre boosted morale through the frozen winter thanks to the experience and ingenuity of Champlain.
		When he arrived, in the mid 1660s the territory that would become part of Canada was little more than a sparsely populated wilderness with the accent on wilderness.
	www.heritageadventures.ca /contents.html (393 words)

	KING PHILIP
		Although the sequence of events leading to the outbreak of war is unclear, the Indians' resentment of the English had been building since the 1660s.
		They had become increasingly dependent on English goods, food, and weapons, and their bargaining power diminished as the fur trade dried up, tribal lands were sold, and Metacom and other leaders were forced by the colonists to recognize English sovereignty.
		Some of his supporters escaped to Canada; those who surrendered were shipped off as slaves to the West Indies.
	www.strawberrylady.com /holidays/king_philip.htm (722 words)

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