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	Government House: Naval Governors, 1729-1824
		Whereas the early governors had been leaders of commercial ventures, the naval governors were professionals, paid a set salary, and given an official mandate to enforce the authority of the Crown.
		In the 1730s several fishing admirals challenged the governor's authority by arguing that this commission was inferior to statute law; but by 1750 the naval governors had become firmly entrenched as the unrivaled political and legal force in Newfoundland.
		The governor, followed by the other offices, proceeded in his launch to the King's Wharf, where he was received by the senior magistrates, the prominent local citizens, and an honour guard from the garrison.
	www.heritage.nf.ca /govhouse/governorship/naval.html (1363 words)

	United States History - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		Contests between the two were common, with governors generally exercising greater power in the northern colonies and assemblies wielding more power in the south.
		Governors also had the power to make appointments, and thus to pack the government with their followers.
		Colonists tended to view their elected assemblies as defenders against the king, against Parliament, and against colonial governors, who were attempting to increase their power at the expense of popular liberty.
	encarta.msn.com /text_1741500823___30/United_States_History.html (2962 words)

	COLONIAL LIFE IN VIRGINIA
		George Yeardley was elected Colonial Governor and he met with the newly created legislative body to establish the laws of the infant colony.
		Berkeley was reappointed Governor of Virginia in 1660.
		Governor Berkeley, himself after meeting much resistance from the yeoman class in his second term (resulting in Bacon's rebellion), lost governing control of the colony and returned to England where he died.
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/Acres/7647/colonial.htm (5922 words)

	California During the Revolution
		For their part, California governors and presidial commanders found the mission priests to be a haughty lot who sometimes considered themselves superior to the military.
		Governors and commanders assumed that the soldiers would remain in California following their tours of duty and local marriages and land grants were strong inducements to this end.
		The fathers of the Mexican governors Alvarado and Pico and of the Generals Vallejo and Castro had all begun as presidials, as were the founders of the important California houses of De la Guerra, Ortega, Peralta, Valencia, Sanchez, Bernal, Alviso, Galindo, Carrillo, Moraga, and others.
	www.americanrevolution.org /cal.html (7414 words)

	Colonial Governors
		OF the colonial governors sent from Britain to the American colonies before the Revolution, and of the provincial governors from that time to 1789, upwards of forty were of Scottish birth or descent.
		Although he held the appointment of Governor of Virginia, he does not, however, appear ever to have been in the colony, as during his brief term of office he was detained in Boston in negotiations with the New England authorities in raising an army for the ensuing campaign.
		In 1781, when the colony was in its most desperate and trying position he accepted the position of governor, and took part in the siege of Yorktown as commander of the Virginia militia.
	www.electricscotland.com /HISTORY/descendants/chap2.htm (1654 words)

	New Georgia Encyclopedia: James Wright (1716-1785)
		Almost alone among colonial governors, Wright was a popular and able administrator and servant of the crown.
		Wright's ties with Georgia began when the crown appointed him the third royal governor of Georgia in 1760, after poor health forced Henry Ellis to leave the colony.
		Wright died at his house in Westminster on November 20, 1785, at the age of sixty-nine and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
	www.georgiaencyclopedia.org /nge/Article.jsp?id=h-669 (645 words)

	1779 - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		1779 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar).
		The Iron Bridge is completed across the River Severn in Shropshire; the first all cast-iron bridge ever constructed.
		You can find it there under the keyword 1779 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1779)The list of previous authors is available here: version history (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1779andaction=history).
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/1779 (519 words)

	Cultural & Political Chronology (1750-1783)
		With the death of John Robinson, Speaker of the House of Burgesses and treasurer of the colony of Virginia, a scandal came to light in Virginia.
		Richard Hayward's statue of the deceased Virginia governor Lord Botetourt was installed at the Capitol in Williamsburg.
		George III declared the colonies in a state of rebellion and threatened to deal harshly with traitors.
	www.colonialwilliamsburg.org /almanack/resources/dateline/polcron.cfm (4959 words)

	Governor's Palace at Colonial Williamsburg
		Governor Edward Nott persuaded the General Assembly to authorize its construction with an act passed October 23, 1705, and building began the following summer.
		Each governor made improvements and repairs, but after Gooch left in 1749, the colony's Council concluded the building was in "ruinous condition" and ordered renovations.
		The governor's table was set with the finest linen, silver, and ceramics; his food was delicious, and his wines were excellent.
	www.colonialwilliamsburg.com /Almanack/places/hb/hbpal.cfm (1969 words)

	Towns-Lee
		Though encouraged by sympathetic governors, these men of God were often faced with physical and economic hardships, and, worst of all, the religious apathy of a large segment of the people among whom they worked.
		The building was described by Governor Dobbs as the largest church in the province, and undoubtedly it was one of the fine churches of colonial America.
		In 1779 the political dissolution was completed with the removal of the county seat to a more secure location at Lockwood’s Folly.
	www.ah.dcr.state.nc.us /sections/hp/colonial/Nchr/Subjects/lee.htm (6097 words)

	Archives: Massachusetts Archives Collection
		Governor Andros was imprisoned and the government overthrown on April 18, 1689, shortly after the news of the English Glorious Revolution reached Boston.
		The governor was the commander-in-chief of the militia and appointed all military officials; he had the right to summon, adjourn, and prorogue the General Court.
		The William and Mary Charter was modified in 1725 by the Explanatory Charter, issued by King George I. Further strengthening the position of the governor, this charter gave the governor the sole power to adjourn the House of Representatives and the right to negate the House's choice of their speaker.
	www.sec.state.ma.us /arc/arccol/colmac.htm (3520 words)

	George Washington Papers: Time Line: The American Revolution - 1779
		June 30, William Tryon, former royal governor of New York, and 2,600 loyalists and British regulars on forty-eight ships raid Fairport, New Haven, and Norwalk, Connecticut.
		September 27, Washington writes state governors Jonathan Trumbull (Connecticut), George Clinton (New York), and William Livingston (New Jersey) about reports of the arrival of a French Fleet and of the necessity of preparing the militia and raising food supplies, especially flour.
		In his long letter to d'Estaing, Washington writes that he has "not concealed the difficulties in the way of a cooperation," but has the "highest hopes of its utility to the common cause" and its contribution to ending the war victoriously.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/gwhtml/1779.html (890 words)

	National Postal Museum
		As the colonies solidified and Crown-appointed governors began to be accepted as colonial leaders, the British government realized that it needed a reliable method of mail delivery for communication between its colonial officials.
		Almost all of the mail that came through the United Colonies Post, therefore, was sent by a select group of wealthy, upper-class citizens who could both afford the postage rates and be assured that the recipients of their letters were educated enough to read them.
		To that end, a lot of letter-writing from colonial times until the advent of quicker means of communication was simply business mail--notes of receipt of this product, questions regarding the sale of that one.
	www.postalmuseum.si.edu /letterwriting/lw02.html (1416 words)

	Williamsburg, VA, A Site on a Revolutionary War Road Trip on US Route 60
		John Blair, Sr., whose uncle was the Reverend James Blair, was a burgess and auditor for the colony of Virginia from 1728-1771.
		In 1779, he became the first Chair of Law at William and Mary and among his students were James Monroe and John Marshall.
		For most of Williamsburg’s colonial history, the palace was home to the Royal Governor, but beginning in 1765 a movement began in Virginia that would eventually move the palace out from under the British Crown and place it in the hands of the colonists.
	www.revolutionaryday.com /usroute60/williamsburg (2643 words)

	George Washington Papers: Time Line: The American Revolution
		The forces from several colonies gathered in Cambridge and Boston become the founding core of that army.
		August 23, King George III declares all the Colonies to be in a state of rebellion.
		Washington writes the governors of Rhode Island and Connecticut, October 24, enclosing an account of the attack by a Falmouth citizen, Pearson Jones, and severely criticizing the British for not allowing enough time for inhabitants to remove their belongings.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /ammem/gwhtml/1775.html (1248 words)

	Fourth of July, An Outline of American History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Merchants, legislatures and town meetings protested the law, and colonial lawyers found in the preamble of the Sugar Act the first intimation of "taxation without representation," the slogan that was to draw many to the American cause against the mother country.
		On June 8, the Massachusetts Assembly invited all the colonies to appoint delegates to the so-called Stamp Act Congress in New York, held in October 1765, to consider appeals for relief from the king and Parliament.
		At the suggestion of the Virginia House of Burgesses, colonial representatives met in Philadelphia on September 5, 1774, "to consult upon the present unhappy state of the Colonies." Delegates to this meeting, known as the First Continental Congress, were chosen by provincial congresses or popular conventions.
	embajadausa.org.ve /wwwh268.html (4831 words)

	GOVERNORS OF NORTH - Online Information article about GOVERNORS OF NORTH
		For the colonial and revolutionary periods there are some excellent studies.
		Defence of the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence (1909), are perhaps the best of the attempts to prove the same Declaration genuine.
		sources are The Colonial Records of North Carolina (Jo vols., Raleigh, 1886-189o) ; and The State Records of North Carolina (vols.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /GOA_GRA/GOVERNORS_OF_NORTH.html (1088 words)

	Table of Contents: Colonial Botany
		Colonial botany—the study, naming, cultivation, and marketing of plants in colonial contexts—was born of and supported European voyages, conquests, global trade, and scientific exploration.
		Colonial botany developed along with a web of trade routes, and was informed by patterns of commerce and naval prowess that kept them open.
		In a reconstruction of the nutmeg skirmishes on the Isle de France (Mauritius) in the 1750s, she shows that the explosive rivalry among colonial botanists for metropolitan Crown patronage rather than disinterested comparison of species across continents was central to the scientific identification of the commercially valuable nutmeg.
	www.upenn.edu /pennpress/book/toc/14093.html (5867 words)

	De. Colonial Leader Gunning Bedford, Sr.
		By October of 1795, his political star had risen as he was chosen the Federalist candidate for Governor of Delaware.
		During Bedford's term as Governor, many improvements were made in transportation across the state.
		The first move toward public education in the state was made by putting all marriage and tavern license fees in a fund earmarked for schooling.
	www.russpickett.com /history/bedsrbio.htm (491 words)

	West Indies Papers - UF Special and Area Studies Collections
		Correspondence of the various colonial governors of the British West Indies together with financial accounts and pay warrants.
		Correspondence of the various colonial governors of the British West Indies, together with financial accounts and pay warrants, during the latter part of the 18th and the early half of the 19th centuries.
		Most are in English, including those from foreign colonies dating from periods of British occupation.
	web.uflib.ufl.edu /spec/manuscript/guides/WestIndies.htm (835 words)

	The Land of the 'Free'?
		Defense of the American colonies in the French and Indian War (1754-63) and Pontiac's Rebellion (1763-64) were costly affairs for Great Britain, and Prime Minister George Grenville hoped to recover some of these costs by taxing the colonists.
		Governor Sir Guy Carleton rejected their demand, and on December 9, the Patriots commenced a bombardment of Quebec.
		In the summer of 1777, with the colonies fighting a war for independence, Mason feared attacks by the native allies of the British.
	members.aol.com /wdwylie6/1750-1799.htm (21566 words)

	Theodore Atkinson - Guide to Likeness of New Hampshire Officials and Governors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In 1720 he was appointed clerk of the Court of Common Pleas, and in 1724/5 he was appointed a Commissioner from the Governor of New Hampshire to Canada, where he met with the Marquis de Vauudreuil, a son of Louis XIV of France, about boundary and Indian problems.
		The Albany meeting marked a meeting of delegates from all the colonies (except Virginia, whose governor could not attend); meeting with representatives of the Six Nations they tried to establish new relationships with England.
		But their Albany Plan of Union (1754) was rejected not only by the mother country but by colonial legislatures who feared a loss of individual colonies' powers in a plan of union.
	www.state.nh.us /nhdhr/glikeness/atkitheo.html (415 words)

	Shipyards and European Shipbuilders in South Carolina
		As the colony grew and began to thrive so did the boat and ship building industries.
		Elsewhere in the American colonies, the one-masted sloop rig, such as the Malcolm Boat appears to be, was the most popular rig, accounting for roughly one-third of all vessels registered in the colonies.
		In 1751, Governor James Glen noted that "Cooper River appears sometimes a kind of floating market, and we have numbers of canoes, boats and pettiaguas that ply incessantly, bringing down the country produce to town, and returning with such necessary as are wanted by the planters".
	www.cas.sc.edu /sciaa/staff/amerc/shipbuilding.htm (3287 words)

	continental and colonial currency
		Vellum document dated August 20, 1795 Signed by Thomas Mifflin, Governor and James Trimble, Deputy Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and witnessed by the Honorable Edward Shippen, Chief Justice of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court as well as many other fine signatures.
		This deed is for the purchase of a tract of land in Franklin County, Georgia from Leroy Pope to Edmund Hall for the sum of twelve thousand pounds.
		Thomas Mifflin aide-de-camp to George Washington and a signer of the United States Constitution was elected governor of Pennsylvania for three consecutive terms.
	www.macsoldpapermoney.com /money.htm (1608 words)

	selections from "Massachusetts Privateers of the Revolution". 1927
		In the eighteenth century, colonial governors were given commissions of vice-admiral, in time of war, with authority to hold court and condemn prizes or to appoint vice-admiralty judges for the purpose.
		In time of war the colonial governors, along with their judicial functions, were given authority to issue letters of marque or privateer commissions.
		Whether those who gave their attention to the matter had in mind the commissioning of privateers or a colony fleet, or both, is not apparent.
	capecodhistory.us /19th/MassPrivateers.htm (4416 words)

	The Regional Review (1941)
		For 70 years the Governor's Palace at Williamsburg stood as the symbol of royal authority in colonial Virginia.
		Begun in 1705 under an appropriation by the House of Burgesses and completed in 1720, it served as the official residence of a succession of brilliant British governors: Alexander Spotswood, Hugh Drysdale, William Gooch, Robert Dinwiddie, Francis Fauquier, Norborne Berkeley, and John Murray, the Earl of Dunmore.
		In addition there were other maps, extensive inventories of three colonial governors, the Journals of the House of Burgesses, and other colonial records.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/regional_review/vol6-3-4a.htm (292 words)

	Matthew Griswold, Governor of Connecticut
		Griswold became involved in a lawsuit between the Mohegans and the Colony of Connecticut known as the Mohegan Case.
		When the Stamp Act went into effect on November 1, 1765, all colonial governors were required to take an oath to support it.
		Thomas Fitch, who was Governor of Connecticut at that time, did so reluctantly, but Griswold, as well as eight other members of the Council, defiantly left the room to show their hostility.
	www.cslib.org /gov/griswoldm.htm (2133 words)

	Cowpens NB Article on Southern Campaign of Rev War
		Granted, brave and daring militia leaders played a crucial role in the War for Independence, but they were part of a much larger and oft-neglected drama-a bloody civil war often pitting neighbor against neighbor -- evident in the South, especially in the Carolina backcountry
		One of the more famous examples, perhaps, is the story of the famous Philadelphian Benjamin Franklin, and, his son, William.
		The latter, appointed royal governor of New Jersey through his father's influence, remained loyal to the Crown.
	www.nps.gov /cowp/socampn.htm (2165 words)

	Historic Quincy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Hancock led the rebellious colonies through the difficult times of the American Revolution as President of the Continental Congress.
		The colonial governors eventually had Morton deported for debauchery.
		With a government of branches, separate but equal, with checks and balances, an independent judiciary and a Declaration of Rights, it became the model for the Constitution of the United States of America and many other constitutional governments around the world.
	ci.quincy.ma.us /tcpl/htm/quincy/historic.htm (1126 words)

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