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Topic: 1804 election

	United States presidential election, 1804 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The United States presidential election of 1804 pitted incumbent (Democratic) Republican President Thomas Jefferson against Federalist Charles Cotesworth Pinckney.
		Under the rules of the Twelfth Amendment, presidential electors were required to specify in their votes their choice for President and Vice President; previously, electors voted only for President, with the person who came in second becoming the Vice President.
		Although the 1800 election had been close, Jefferson had steadily gained popularity during his term.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1804 (351 words)

	Presidential and Congressional Election Returns
		The existence of the carefully preserved historical election returns for the offices of president and vice president—versus the lack of other federal election returns—is an indication of the significance attached to this office.
		Proceedings of elections for U.S. senators by the General Assembly may be found in the journals of the Virginia House of Delegates and Senate.
		The election records in the Archives were initially filed with the records of the secretary of the commonwealth.
	www.lva.lib.va.us /whatwehave/elect/pres_election.htm (1697 words)

	Election Portal @ ElectionHype.com (Election Hype) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The universal acceptance of elections as a tool for selecting representatives in modern democracies is in sharp contrast with the practice in the democratic archetype, ancient Athens, where elections were considered an oligarchic institution and where most political offices were filled using sortition.
		When elections are called, politicians and their supporters attempt to influence policy by competing directly for the votes of constituents in what are called campaigns.
		In order for democratic elections to be fair and competitive, opposition parties and candidates must enjoy the rights to freedom of speech, assembly, and movement as necessary to voice their criticisms of the government openly and to bring alternative policies and candidates to the voters.
	www.electionhype.com (2624 words)

	Feste...a foolsblog: Election or Selection 2004?
		The election of 2000 is not the first disputed election in American history and as an army of litigators deploy across the land, it will not be the last.
		In that election the Federalists nominated John Adams to be President and the Charles Pinckney to be Vice President.
		However the constitution called for the election of President by the House to be on a state by state basis, and the Federalist could not carry enough states.
	www.foolsblog.com /archives/002425.html (585 words)

	readings
		The advocates of this position note that the framers of the Constitution were deeply skeptical of both direct democracy and election of the President by the legislative branch.
		By involving the House in the election of the President only if no candidate received a majority of the electoral vote, the President would owe his election to an independent electoral base and would not be subject to improper influence and pressure from Congress.
		Election rules that were suited for 1800 may not be suited for 2000.
	cr.middlebury.edu /alumni/election2000/readings/op_ed.html (959 words)

	TAP: Vol 11, Iss. 17. The Curse of the Vice Presidency. Michael Nelson. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In awarding the vice presidency to the runner-up in the presidential election, the Constitution thus made the vice president the presumptive heir to the presidency.
		The 12th Amendment, which was passed in time for the 1804 election, solved this problem neatly by instructing electors to cast one vote for president and a separate vote for vice president.
		The first is that their ongoing activities as party leader--campaigning across the country during elections, raising funds at other times--and as public advocate of the administration and its policies uniquely situate them to win friends among the political activists who typically dominate the nominating process.
	www.prospect.org /print/V11/17/nelson-m.html (3445 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : 1804 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar).
		August 20 - Lewis and Clark Expedition: The "Corps of Discovery", whose purpose is to explore the Louisiana Purchase, suffers it first and last death when Sergeant Charles Floyd dies, apparently from acute appendicitis.
		November 30 - The Jeffersonian Republican-controlled United States Senate begin an impeachment trial against Federalist-partisan Supreme Court of the United States Justice Samuel Chase (he was charged with political bias but was acquitted by the Senate of all charges on March 1, 1805).
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /1804 (699 words)

	Custom Writing on Analysis of the election of 1804
		The Election of 1804: A Validation of Republican Ideals While some elections go down into the history books for being statistically close, this election does not happen to be one of them.
		With the election of 1804, the issues, as well as the history behind the election is what makes 1804 an election year to study.
		The 1804 election year saw the Democratic-Republican Thomas Jefferson (the author of the Declaration of Independence) running against the Federalist candidate, Charles Pinckney.
	www.vipessays.com /termpaper/Analysis_of_the_election_of_18-178917.html (203 words)

	Results of Presidential Elections - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.net
		Prior to the 1804 election, the method of electing the Vice President, as spelled out in the Constitution, was for the first runner-up to be the Vice President.
		Starting with the 1804 election, the method of electing the Vice President, as spelled out in the 12th Amendment, led to separate ballots cast for the President and Vice President, with the winner in each race gaining the seat.
		The election of 2000 was the most contested of the modern age.
	www.usconstitution.net /elections.html (282 words)

	American President (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In the mid-Atlantic states, however, state legislatures selected the presidential electors, and the election of 1796 would be decided by the political scheming within those assemblies.
		It was in this atmosphere of undeclared political war that Jefferson sought and won the presidency in the 1800 election.
		Given the intense rivalry and conflict involved, it is not surprising that the 1800 election reached a level of personal animosity seldom equaled in American politics.
	www.americanpresident.org /history/thomasjefferson/biography/CampaignElections.common.shtml (1566 words)

	Voter Confidence At Risk, Lawsuits Flying
		In the four years since the last election we certainly have had time to insure a sound election process.
		Election officials have known for months that they were ripe for serious contention because these machines do not produce a voter-verifiable ballot.
		Yes, there are legitimate concerns from technologists and computer security specialists and scientists and lawmakers who are doing their best to raise the ethical and procedural standards of our voting systems, the very foundation of our form of government.
	www.freecongress.org /commentaries/2004/041021jf.asp (804 words)

	Thomas Jefferson's Poplar Forest_EDUCATION
		In the election of 1792, Clinton tried to tilt the vote count his way by disallowing the votes of two entire counties.
		Clinton, a staunch Republican, was one of the main opponents to ratification of the Constitution, which earned him the enmity of Hamilton.
		In the election of 1804, Thomas Jefferson chose George Clinton as his vice presidential running mate.
	www.serve.com /~poplarforest/Democracy-Election1804/bioclinton.html (267 words)

	C-SPAN.ORG
		The election of 1800 was the first time candidates ran on issue platforms and also the first time parties nominated candidates.
		On September 25, 1804, just before the election of 1804, the Twelfth Amendment went into effect, which changed the presidential electoral process.
		Instead of the original method of awarding the presidency to the candidate receiving the most votes and the vice-presidency to the candidate receiving the second-highest total, electors now cast separate ballots electing a president and vice president.
	www.c-span.org /classroom/govt/1800.asp (535 words)

	Election of 1804
		Thomas Jefferson was the odds-on favorite to be reelected in 1804, gaining widespread popularity through the Louisiana Purchase, the repeal of the excise tax on whiskey and by standing up to the Barbary pirates.
		Whether or not a real conspiracy existed here is not certain, but Burr did run for office; he was defeated in his run for governor largely through the maneuverings of Alexander Hamilton-one more step in the fatal estrangement between these two figures.
		Memorabilia related to Election of 1804 is at auction on eBay.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h493.html (330 words)

	Election of 1800
		The bad news, however, was that the two Democratic-Republican candidates, Jefferson and Burr, garnered the same number of electoral votes; according to the Constitution, the matter was to be resolved in the House of Representatives.
		This election is sometimes referred to as the "Revolution of 1800" because it marked the transition from the Federalists, the only party to have held the presidency to that point, to the Democratic-Republicans of Jefferson.
		Memorabilia related to Election of 1800 is at auction on eBay.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h448.html (266 words)

	The Election of 1800
		The election between Adams and Jefferson was not decided until the final state, South Carolina, selected its presidential electors in early December.
		The Republican Party's fortunes were equally brightened by the results of congressional elections where Republicans captured sixty-seven of the one hundred and six seats in the House.
		Given the tensions of the 1800 election, Jefferson's inaugural affirmation that "we are all republicans; we are all federalists" offered a grand appeal for political moderation at the start of the new administration and for bipartisan support to face the national challenges ahead.
	www.new-enlightenment.com /1800_election.htm (793 words)

	Men Who Ran For President/Vice President The Other Candidates - Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
		Pinckney joined those opposed to direct elections arguing that it would be difficult to collect and count votes from the general population and they reminded the delegates, “It took as long as two days to send a stage coach from New York to Philadelphia”.
		In the election of 1796 the Democratic Republicans nominated Thomas Jefferson President, and Senator Aaron Burr of New York for Vice President.
		A political irony: According to historian David McCullough in John Adams it was the counting of 3/5th of the Negro population that gave Jefferson and Burr enough electoral votes to defeat Adams and Pinckney.
	www.juntosociety.com /othercandidates/pinckney.html (2946 words)

	Thomas Jefferson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Jefferson's Presidency, from 1801 to 1809, was the first to start and end in the White House (though at the time it was known as the Presidential Mansion); it was also the first Democratic-Republican Presidency.
		Jefferson is the only Vice President to later win an election and serve two full terms as President of the United States.
		Some find it hypocritical that Thomas Jefferson owned slaves yet was outspoken in saying that slavery was immoral and on the course of eventual extinction while others disagree by pointing to his work to abolish slavery in America.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thomas_Jefferson (7433 words)

	The Electoral College: A Political Accident Waiting to Happen
		In that election, at a time of profound stress within the country’s political and social fabric, the United States could have easily become mired in an election crisis.
		But the election went to the House of Representatives because of the tie, and four states in the House voted for Burr.
		In that election, Andrew Jackson won by a substantial plurality in the Electoral College, and was the clear first choice of the American electorate.
	www.richardwarrenfield.com /essay007.htm (2100 words)

	Antecedent #3: A Compromised Position \| Comixpedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This was the case in the 1800 election; Thomas Jefferson [the de facto choice for President] and Aaron Burr [the choice for Vice-President] both received 79 electoral votes.
		By 1804, both men had fallen from grace in Washington: Aaron Burr was persona non grata for his role in the 1800 electoral quagmire; Alexander Hamilton’s acerbic pen and his infamous extra-marital affair made him a target of both Federalists and Republicans.
		By July of 1804, Alexander Hamilton was aware of Timothy Pickering’s supposed plot for secession, and Aaron Burr’s role in it.
	www.comixpedia.com /node/7347 (1511 words)

	Week 8: North America
		Donald Ratcliffe, "The Mystery of Ohio's Missing Presidential Election Returns, 1804-1848," Archival Issues 17 (1992): 137-144 and Dennis East, "A Lesson in Archival Reality: A Commentary on Donald Ratcliffe's 'The Mystery of Ohio's Missing Presidential Returns, 1804-1848,'" Archival Issues 17 (1992): 144-149.
		Ratcliffe's essay is a tale of his quest to find election records of presidential campaigns in Ohio before 1824.
		Manifesting no small amount of narcissism, Ratcliffe seems aghast that the collective archival community of Ohio could neither produce the records his project demanded, identify their location, or be so suitably informed about the importance of his research that they would instantly drop their own duties to unravel the mystery.
	www.auburn.edu /academic/classes/hist/0647/jef8.html (562 words)

	Thomas Jefferson
		Jefferson claimed that the election of 1800 was a "revolution" comparable to that of 1776.
		Thomas Jefferson's Inagural Address was a classic statement of democratic principles, Seeking to ally Federalists fears and Republican pride, Jefferson said "We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists".
		In the election of 1804, Jefferson swept every state except two--Connecticut and Delaware.
	www.course-notes.org /biographies/thomasjefferson.htm (708 words)

	U.S. Senate: Art & History Home > Aaron Burr, 3rd Vice President (1801-1805)
		Although Jefferson would later claim—after Burr discredited himself by his behavior during the election and in office—that he had harbored reservations about his New York lieutenant from the time of their first meeting in 1791 or 1792, contemporary correspondence suggests that their relationship was cordial during the 1790s.
		The election, and the confusion that followed, exposed a critical flaw in the constitutional provision governing the election of the president and the vice president.
		The Twelfth Amendment, which passed both houses during the fall of 1803 and was ratified by the requisite number of states in time for the 1804 election, changed the method of election by requiring electors to designate one vote for a presidential candidate and the other for a vice-presidential candidate.
	www.senate.gov /artandhistory/history/common/generic/VP_Aaron_Burr.htm (4390 words)

	Elections 1800-1824 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		-This election was very different from the election of 1800, when many Federalists were convinced that Jefferson was the candidate of anarchy, atheism, and revolution.
		-This election was very hard-fought because of the widespread lack of enthusiasm for the war and early military reverses.
		-When told of his election, Adams stated that if it were possible to call an immediate popular election to give the president a clear mandate to rule, he would do so.
	www.owlnet.rice.edu /~mwfriedm/terms/anna6.html (723 words)

	NARA - Center for Legislative Archives - Featured Document
		By the election of 1800, the nation's first two parties were beginning to take shape.
		The framers of the Constitution had not anticipated such a tie nor had they considered the possibility of the election of a President or Vice President from opposing factions - which had been the case in the 1796 election.
		In 1804, the passage of the 12th Amendment corrected these problems by providing for separate Electoral College votes for President and Vice President.
	www.archives.gov /legislative/features/1800-election/1800-election.html?template=print (323 words)

	From Revolution to Reconstruction: Biographies: A. Hamilton 41
		During the course of the 1804 election season Hamilton had regularly and flagrantly vilified Burr in speeches, some of which were attended by Burr's agents who reported back on their contents.
		Burr, who at the time of the disclosure had been defeated by Hamilton's candidate in the gubernatorial election, wrote an ominous letter to Hamilton demanding an explanation of the "still more despicable opinion." Hamilton was evasive in his reply: ".
		Still alive, but paralyzed from the waist down, Hamilton was brought to the home of a friend where he slowly died from internal bleeding, much like Philip had two and a half years earlier.
	odur.let.rug.nl /~usa/B/hamilton/hamil41.htm (727 words)

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