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	Government House: Civil Governors, 1825-1854
		Governor Cochrane aligned himself with the Conservatives, some of whom he appointed to the council, but the Liberals had a majority in the assembly.
		Governors were expected to rely heavily upon their executive and legislative councils, both of which were filled with unelected officials.
		While some of the governors were ill suited for their office -- many of them were former military officers who had little experience in colonial politics -- others enjoyed a degree of success.
	www.heritage.nf.ca /govhouse/governorship/civil.html (1249 words)

	Revista/Review Interamericana: Volumen 29 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Colonies of settlement were rare in the tropics but in the Portuguese case the plantation became a model for settlement that also satisfied commercial ends.
		In 1765, the governor of the southern Caribbean, General Robert Melville, visited Saint Vincent and made plans for the stablishment of a botanical garden to be a repository for all useful plants that could be introduced to obtain medicines and to improve the life and economy of the colony.
		Colonial governors based in the Captaincy of Rio de Janeiro, the Count da Cunha (1763-1767), the Marquis of Lavradio (1769-1779), and Luiz de Vasconcellos e Sousa (1779-1789), undertook scientific surveys and expeditions aimed at identifying native plant species that would be suitable for intensive cultivation.
	www.sg.inter.edu /revista-ciscla/volume29/naro.html (5172 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Australia
		On his arrival in Sydney, Governor Macquarie bluntly informed him that no "Popish missionary" would be allowed to intrude within the settlement, and that every person in the penal colony must be a Protestant.
		This colony had been founded in 1836 as a free and "socially superior" Protestant settlement, from which "Papists and pagans" were to have been rigidly excluded.
		For a time all the colonies of the Australasian group followed the example initiated by New South Wales in according State aid to the clergy and the denominational schools of the principal religious bodies, Anglicans, Catholics, Presbyterians, and Methodists.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02113b.htm (6415 words)

	LHR 16:2 Forum--Desan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Governor Henry Sloughter arrived from England in April 1691 to acquiesce in the brutal execution of the leaders of the rebellion by those New Yorkers who had opposed them; the executions finally fractured domestic politics in a community that was, by modern standards, tiny.
		Colonial legislators justified their activity in terms that echoed the protective rationale made famous by the Commons: they acted to guard the property of the people.
		In short, the new regime routed colonial funds to a treasurer rendered independent of the governor and tied to the legislature by virtue of his pay, the ability of the assembly to appoint him, and the security held by the Speaker.
	www.press.uillinois.edu /journals/lhrtoc/lhr16_2frm1.html (17834 words)

	Hurst: The Law of Treason: 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Taking the colonial period as a whole, in most of the colonies the definition of the offense was clearly thought of in terms of the English legislation stemming from the Statute of 25 Edward III.
		If the colonial legislation thus shows an almost unbroken trend to put the interest in community security first in defining the types of conduct which shall be deemed treasonable, it is equally true, however, that it displays a persistent concern for safeguarding the individual regarding the quantum of proof and the decencies of procedure.
		From the latter part of the 17th century on, in most of the colonies the two-witness requirement and the procedural guaranties laid down by the Statute of 7 William III in treason trials were expressly enacted by reference to that statute or to the English statutes on treason generally.
	www.constitution.org /cmt/jwh/jwh_treason_3.htm (11423 words)

	North Carolina Governors
		North Carolina's history as an organized governing system led by a governor may be viewed in five chronological stages: the Virginia colony, the southern plantation, the Lords Proprietors, the Royal colony, and the state of North Carolina.
		A chronology of governors serving during each of these stages is listed at the bottom of the page.
		Theactions of the Virginia governor outpaced his authority under the English Crown, and the Southern Plantation and its Commander were short-lived.
	statelibrary.dcr.state.nc.us /nc/stgovt/governor.htm (958 words)

	Encyclopedia: 1809 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Events and Trends Electromagnetic induction discovered by Michael Faraday Dutch-speaking farmers known as Voortrekkers emigrate northwards from the Cape Colony Croquet invented in Ireland Railroad construction begins in earnest in the United States Egba refugees fleeing the Yoruba civil wars found the city of Abeokuta in south-west Nigeria...
		1808 state leaders - Events of 1809 - 1810 state leaders - State leaders by year // Africa Ashanti Confederacy - Osei Bonsu, Asantehene (1804-1824) Buganda - Semakokiro, King of Buganda (1771-1814) Bunyoro - Nyamutukura Kyebambe III, Omukama of Bunyoro (1786-1835) Burundi - Ntare IV Rugamba, King of Burundi (1796-1852) Dahomey - Adandozan, King of...
		The Peninsular War (1808â€“1814) (known as War of Independence in Spain and as French Invasions in Portugal) was a major conflict during the Napoleonic Wars, fought in the Iberian Peninsula with Spanish, Portuguese, and the British forces fighting against the French.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/1809 (5411 words)

	Chapter 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The African colony was a half-way station on the sea route from Europe to India and was generally used for this purpose until the opening of the Suez canal.
		The colonies had no sooner acquiesced in the abolition of slavery at their cost than they were confronted by the policy of compulsory equalization of fls and whites.
		Cape Colony, the land of the "tar brush;" Cape Town the "coffee-colored capital," is to be considered in separate class from Natal, the Free State, and the Transvaal.
	www.churchoftrueisrael.com /cox/wa-09.html (4650 words)

	The Frontier In American History: Chapter III
		Riots occurred when the colonial authorities attempted to assert possession, and the matter was at length compromised in 1719 by allowing Litchfield to be settled in accordance with the town grants, while the colony reserved the larger part of northwestern Connecticut.
		Among the objects of the colony, as specified in the charters, were the relief of the poor and the protection of the frontiers.
		Nor was the difficulty met until the constitutional amendment of 1808, the effect of which was to give the control of the senate to the lower section and of the house of representatives to the upper section, thus providing a mutual veto.
	xroads.virginia.edu /~HYPER/TURNER/chapter3.html (14336 words)

	1808 -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		1805 1806 1807 - 1808 - 1809 1810 1811
		1808 was a (additional info and facts about leap year starting on Friday) leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar).
		January 1 - Importation of (A person who is owned by someone) slaves into the (North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776) United States is banned
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/1/18/1808.htm (876 words)

	List of colonial governors in 1807 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		1806 colonial governors - Events of 1807 - 1808 colonial governors - Colonial governors by year
		António de Saldanha da Gama, Governor of Angola (1807-1810)
		New South Wales - William Bligh, Governor of New South Wales (1806-1808).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_in_1807 (94 words)

	[No title]
		The curious medley of religious zeal, philanthropy, and gold-hunger, communicated the first governors under the title of "instructions" did not long keep them in doubt as to which of the three--the observance of religious practises, the kind treatment of the natives, or the remittance of gold--was most essential to secure the king's favor.
		Governor Mendoza undertook a punitive expedition to Vieques, in which the cacique Yaureibo was killed; but the Indians had lost that superstitious dread of the Spaniards and of their weapons that had made them submit at first, and they continued their incursions, impeding the island's progress for more than a century.
		The attacks seemed to grow bolder, and not till Governor Mendoza himself led an expedition to Vieques, in which the cacique Yaureibo was killed, did the Indians move southeastward to Santa Cruz.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/1/2/2/7/12272/12272.txt (15586 words)

	ipedia.com: Portugal Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Because of this, in December 1 1640, a native king, John IV, was acclaimed, and a Restoration war against Spain was made.
		But the return of Portuguese from the former colonies had made a significant increment of the population and economy, the country's road to rebirth was made.
		Portuguese is spoken throughout the country, with only the villages of Miranda de Douro's Leonese dialect recognised as a locally co-official language as Mirandese, Asturian in Spain is another Leonese dialect but not officially recognized by Spain.
	www.ipedia.com /portugal.html (4413 words)

	[No title]
		The English colonies were divided in the middle by the Dutch at New Amsterdam and the Swedes on the Delaware.
		All of the colonies were taxed at the same time by this scheme, which was contrary to their belief that they should be taxed only by their legislatures; although the proceeds of the taxes were to have been devoted to the defence of the colonies.
		Thus it happened that Velasquez, the Spanish Governor of Cuba, designed to send a fleet to explore the mainland, to gain what treasure he could by peaceful barter with the natives, and by any means he could to secure their conversion.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/1/2/8/4/12845/12845-8.txt (21244 words)

	William Penn
		As such he joined in a declaration that a clause in his father's instructions suspending the operation of laws passed by the lieutenant-governor until the proprietor's pleasure be known was illegal and void.
		To manage the estate he came to the colony in 1732 with power of attorney from John and Richard, and on his arrival took a seat in the council.
		This outbreak had barely subsided before the young governor was embroiled with the assembly on an offshoot of the old quarrel as to the taxation of proprietary lands.
	www.williampenn.org (5638 words)

	AHD web site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Every Colony was loath to go on the Treasury dole as it meant that the Colony's Budget had to be approved by the Treasury as well as by the Colonial Office, with much resultant delay.
		The arrival of a new Governor is, therefore, the signal for a new set of hopes and fears throughout all classes of the community.
		The transition from the Colonial era to Independence was effected smoothly, thanks to the good sense of the British Ministers concerned at the time, the statesmanship of Ceylon's first Prime Minister, Don Stephen Senanayake, and his advisers, and the clear-cut recommendations of the Soulbury Commission.
	www.lankachronicle.com /his_2.html (7766 words)

	Complete List of NYS Attorneys General
		Between 1684 and 1777, the Colonial Attorneys General were appointed by the King of England, or the Colonial Governors on the Crown's behalf.
		Until 1702 he was appointed by the governor, after which he was commissioned by the Crown.
		By the Constitution the governor was required to do the appointing with the "advice and consent of the council." But in practice it subordinated the governor to the council whenever a majority of the assembly was politically opposed to him, and the annual election of the council greatly increased chances of such opposition.
	www.oag.state.ny.us /previous_aglist.html (922 words)

	West Indies Papers - UF Special and Area Studies Collections
		Correspondence of the various colonial governors of the British West Indies together with financial accounts and pay warrants.
		Correspondence of the various colonial governors of the British West Indies, together with financial accounts and pay warrants, during the latter part of the 18th and the early half of the 19th centuries.
		Most are in English, including those from foreign colonies dating from periods of British occupation.
	www.uflib.ufl.edu /spec/manuscript/guides/WestIndies.htm (835 words)

	Colonial & Indian Wars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		This bitter conflict, pitting the New England colonies against the Narraganset and Wampanoag tribes, was fought from 1675-1677.
		In what were perhaps the greatest series of military victories in Native American history, the Five Nations of the Iroquois (the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas) defeated, destroyed, and absorbed enemy tribes stretching over a vast area from eastern Canada to Virginia to Illinois--forever changing the cultural map of eastern North America.
		During this period, the Iroquois emerged as a dominant force that was both respected and dreaded by neighboring tribes and the European colonial powers alike.
	www.evolpub.com /ECBookstore/ColWars.html (1838 words)

	Fed Exhibit
		Colonial America - The Continental Currency and State Coinage - Experiments of the Confederation Period - George Washington - Coin Patterns of 1792 - Early U.S. Cents - Early U.S. Silver and Gold
		In the 17th and 18th centuries, Britain fought with other European powers for territorial control of North America, but tended to neglect the economic needs of her colonies.
		British businessmen and some colonial governors also produced tokens and copper coins with royal permission.
	www.amnumsoc.org /exhibits/DrachmasDoubloonsDollars/cases/case09.A.html (302 words)

	Law Books June 2004 Antiquarian Scholarly Law Books
		This popular digest of the laws of real property was issued eight times in the United States between 1808 and 1856-1857.
		This popular comprehensive digest of the laws of real property was issued eight times in the United States between 1808 and 1856-1857.
		The idea for this book originated with Franklin, who was sent to London by the Assembly in 1757 to represent the colony in a tax dispute with the Proprietors (descendants of William Penn living in Great Britain).
	www.lawbookexchange.com /june04/law-books-june04-2a.html (7229 words)

	Hurst: The Law of Treason: 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		There are, for example, colonial charters, proprietary grants, and colonial and state "Fundamental Articles" and constitutions for each of the original thirteen states.
		There was, likewise, royal surveillance of the action of colonial legislatures and executive and judicial agencies under these fundamental colonial documents, and this control may be observed through the records of the Board of Trade and the Privy Council.
		Especially in the case of the colonial and state statute books, the inadequacy or absence of indexing will frequently require a check item by item or even by paging of volumes.
	www.constitution.org /cmt/jwh/jwh_treason_1.htm (2738 words)

	Johnson, Guion Griffis, 1900- 1989. Ante-Bellum North Carolina: A Social History: Electronic Edition.
		In the colonial period the western boundary of Carolina was undefined.
		In general, colonial society was divided into four classes: the gentry, the yeomanry, the indentured servants and poor whites, and the Negroes.
		The colonial governors were never able to obtain the legislation necessary for the proper support of the Church.
	docsouth.unc.edu /nc/johnson/chapter1.html (6115 words)

	The History of New York State, Book VI, Chapter I
		But before the close of the 1700's the colonies had taken charge, and the next hundred years saw the region being penetrated by those who loved the soil, who build substantial villages, used the minerals of the hills, established manufactures.
		With the passing of the French dominion came a proclamation by the King of England, October 7, 1763, empowering the colonial governors to issue grants within their domain.
		Moriah, on Lake Champlin, erected 1808, population, 6626, is one of the oldest iron districts.
	www.usgennet.org /usa/ny/state/his/bk6/ch1.html (1597 words)

	Sample text for Library of Congress control number 2002028815
		What is more, colonial governors showed a far greater degree of compassion than most death-penalty states' governors today.
		What made the death penalty most likely in the colonies was not the severity of the offense but the skin color of the offender.
		African slaves and their descendants were from the very first singled out for indiscriminate and large-scale execution-both to enforce the discipline of slavery and because fls were considered pagan and resistant to redemption.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/samples/random043/2002028815.html (2077 words)

	Genealogical Publishing: Genealogy, Family History, Ancestry, Genealogy books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The immense body of records of the colonial period in the Western Hemisphere presents a serious challenge to the researcher--in some cases even a stumbling block--and therefore in this work Mrs.
		The reader will appreciate, of course, that the subject matter is vast, covering the colonial records of all the Americas, from Latin America to the Caribbean, from the original Thirteen Colonies to Canada and New France, so of necessity the author has been at pains to be as comprehensive as possible.
		The scope of the work covers the period of colonial history from the beginning of European colonization in the Western Hemisphere up to the time of the American Revolution, and the records described are the primary records used in genealogical research.
	www.genealogical.com /item_detail.asp?ID=5176 (371 words)

	List of Governors of Virginia
		Captain George Yeardley, President of the Council in Virginia, Deputy Governor, April, 1616 - May 15, 1617
		Captain Nathaniel Powell, President of the Council in Virginia, Acting Governor, April 19, 1619 - November 8, 1621
		Captain Francis West, President of the Council in Virginia, Acting Governor of Virginia, November, 1626 - March 5, 1629
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/l/li/list_of_governors_of_virginia.html (658 words)

	South Carolina Archives Publications: Publications on Microfilm
		The records include correspondence with colonial governors, journals of the Board of Trade, petitions, and miscellaneous papers.
		They are important because of all the tax records produced before 1808, only the few filmed for this publication and two others are known to have survived.
		Types of records included on the index are: colonial land records, court records, property sales, fiscal records, and revolutionary war records.
	www.state.sc.us /scdah/mfmpubs.htm (1461 words)

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