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	Modern Architecture In England
		Modern architecture covers the period included in the reigns of William IV (A.D. 1830-37), Victoria (A.D. 1837-1901), Edward VII (A.D. 1901-10), and of our present King, George V. The wonderful nineteenth century surpassed all its predecessors in the variety of its discoveries and in the extent of their application to the needs of daily life.
		The architecture of this period, as might be expected, provides as fascinating a study as do any other developments of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, but is, moreover, so near to us in time as to make it difficult to form a detached judgment of its character.
		In previous periods of architecture we have shown the varying and progressive results which arose under the operation of the geographical, geological, climatic, religious, social, and historical influences, but from the beginning of the nineteenth century the operation of these influences becomes modified.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles23/architecture-133.shtml (1115 words)

	1831 in architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		architecture african architecture gothic architecture greek architecture hindu architecture house architecture islamic architecture medieval architecture modern architecture moorish architecture pipeline architecture pollution from architecture roman architecture
		Architecture Center Vienna: Architektur Zentrum Wien (AZW) Platform for reflections on the international development of architecture and urban planning in relation to contemporary Austrian and Viennese architecture.
		The current practice of Architecture can be broken down into Three general forms of expression: Classical architecture is based on Greek and Roman design methods that can be traced even further to Egyptian and Byzantine models.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-1831_in_architecture.html (643 words)

	Whewell and Ruskin on Gothic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Architecture and Induction: Whewell and Ruskin on Gothic
		Becher (4-8) briefly discusses the scientific nature of Whewell's architectural writings and their relationship to his views on other subjects; Schaffer (215-17) sketches the religious and political interests that these architectural writings were meant to serve.
		In the famous 1831 letter to Jones in which Whewell proclaims his inability to "see his way" to a general view of the applicability of induction to subjects other than natural philosophy, Whewell is perhaps most optimistic, after Jones's work in political economy, about "antiquities, especially architecture, of which something may be made" (Todhunter, 2:116).
	www-personal.umd.umich.edu /~jonsmith/gothic.html (6658 words)

	About The Nineteenth Century - Art and Architecture Title List
		Architectural illustrations and description of the Cathedral Church at Durham.
		Architecture in Italy from the sixth to the eleventh century.
		Architecture of machinery: an essay on propriety of form.
	c19.chadwyck.com /html/noframes/moreinfo/visart_t.htm (4812 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online: ARCHITECTURE
		During the Mexican period (1821-35), relatively little architectural progress was made beyond the construction of dwellings and some military work, although several new towns were established, including Bastrop (laid out in 1830), Liberty (founded in 1831), and Gonzales (founded in 1832).
		Architectural motifs from many historic styles were combined in an eclectic fashion, with the Medieval Romanesque and Gothic vying with the Renaissance for popularity.
		The architecture of the first half of the twentieth century reflects the growing unity of architectural expression throughout the United States.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/AA/cmask.html (6025 words)

	Historic Warehouse District: Architectural Tour
		Architecturally the building is noted for its three distinct window treatments.
		Constructed during a pivotal phase in American architecture when the curtain wall was being introduced and the load bearing wall was losing its practicality, each of its eight stories bears a skeleton of interior iron columns that holds the structure's weight.
		Leaders in Cleveland architecture in the late 19th century, Cuddell and Richardson were both innovative and prolific.
	www.warehousedistrict.org /tour/highlite (4278 words)

	US: Monticello and the University of Virginia in Charlottesville
		His architectural works were an integral part of the neoclassical movement, but their adaptation to the convenience, ideals, and requirements of the new nation made them uniquely Jeffersonian.
		His architecture reflected his high regard for the classical civilizations of Rome and Greece and was part of the classical trend that swept through Europe in the eighteenth century.
		As embodied in Jefferson's architecture, these ideals also were depicted by historian Howard Adams: As the house of the chief architect of the New Republic, Monticello continues to speak openly of those goals Jefferson held for himself, his family, his government, and his fellow countrymen.
	www.cr.nps.gov /worldheritage/us-jef.htm (10471 words)

	ArchitectureWeek New Books Listing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Gruft argues that Canadian architecture is influenced by the country's geographically large, environmentally diverse physique, as well as its political and social heart.
		Reflections on architecture and the exchange of information in the spaces and places of the city, from the necessity of skyscrapers in an age of Web sites to cities as talent magnets, from architectural bling to the neo-minimalism of the new MoMA.
		Architectural modernism was revolutionary when it first appeared in the 1920s, and its innovation showed the world just what twentieth-century design could bring.
	www.architectureweek.com /new_books.html (11628 words)

	Architecture \| Visual arts, architecture & Arkansas museums preserve Arkansas heritage
		Their design, construction and decoration reflect both common, daily lifestyle issues and the need to present a level of architectural distinctiveness sufficient to render even the humblest edifice unique.
		The Hornibrook House (1888) in Little Rock, now The Empress Bed and Breakfast, is the best example of ornate Victorian architecture in Arkansas and is the most important existing example of Gothic Queen Anne style in the region.
		"Pillars of Power: Architecture of the Old State House" is a permanent exhibit and can be viewed by the public for free.
	www.arkansasheritage.com /visual_arts/architecture (760 words)

	Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The PCI Student Education Committee (Pat Hynes, chair) is inviting entries from architectural students and IDP interns to participate in PCI's 2005 Architectural Student Design Competition.
		CHICAGO - Four architectural student teams and three Intern Development Program (IDP) teams were singled out as winners of the 2004 Architectural Design Competition conducted and monitored by the Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute's Student Education Committee.
		All student winners were from the from the School of Architecture at the Universite' de Montreal in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
	www.pci.org /education/architecture02.html (580 words)

	Index of Architecture Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		In Contemporary Native American Architecture, Carol Herselle Krinsky examines the historical and legal background of this movement of cultural regeneration through the medium of architecture, and records responses of Native American's to ever-changing cultural situations.
		Filling the gap between general surveys of architectural history and specialized works on specific periods and regions, this book is ideal for introductory courses in medieval architecture but will also appeal to any reader with an interest in the European Middle Ages.
		In analyzing the architecture of these august institutions, Helen Hills skillfully reads conventual architecture as a metaphor for the body of the aristocratic virgin nun, mapping out the dialectic between flesh and stone.
	www.familyhaven.com /architecture/architecture04/architecture049.html (4437 words)

	Richard Norman Shaw - Great Buildings Online
		Together with Nesfield, he pioneered both the Old English and Queen Anne styles of architecture in the late 1860s and early 1870s.
		Richard Norman Shaw was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1831.
		A Royal Academician from 1877, Shaw co-edited the 1892 collection of essays "Architecture, a Profession or an Art?" In later years, Shaw moved to a heavier classical style which influenced the emerging Edwardian classicism of the early twentieth century.
	www.greatbuildings.com /architects/Richard_Norman_Shaw.html (425 words)

	1831 in architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As a result, uploads have been disabled until further notice, and images may not be displayed.
		See also: 1830 in architecture, other events of 1831 1832 in architecture and the architecture timeline.
		This page was last modified 08:26, 4 October 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1831_in_architecture (84 words)

	Philip Speakman Webb (1831-1915)
		The Arts and Crafts movement, characterized by hand-printed manuscripts, decorative wallpapers and cozy brick country homes, is most frequently associated with William Morris, radical reformer and designer.
		Webb met Morris in 1856 whilst both men were working in the architectural office of G.E. Street.
		Each reflects Webb’s interest in exploring a personal architecture, one that allows the client and building to interact in an informal manner.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/british_architecture/80098 (553 words)

	Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Architecture of Washington D.C. The Architecture of Washington D.C. web site is "a dissertation research site on how political power and democracy are expressed in the United States capital" conducted and presented by Daniel Frydman.
		The purpose of the archive is to document the history of women's involvement in architecture by collecting, preserving, storing, and making available to researchers the professional papers of women architects, landscape architects, designers, architectural historians and critics, and urban planners, and the records of women's architectural organizations, from around the world.
		One of the prime houses in terms of historical and architectural significance is the Meux Family home at the northwest corner of Tulare and R Streets.
	www.jsu.edu /dept/library/graphic/architec.htm (5869 words)

	Thursday Night Hikes: Lake of the Isles Hike Architecture Notes, Part 1
		The Lake of the Isles was named for its islands (now two, but formerly four, as mapped in the Andreas Atlas in 1874.) The one to the north is called Mike's Island, and the one to the south is Raspberry Island.
		Some interesting examples of Prairie Style architecture and the designs of architect William Gray Purcell also are located on Lake of the Isles Parkway and on nearby streets.
		Hewitt was the primary designer of the firm, and was one of the leading practitioners of revival architecture in Minneapolis, executing commissions large and small in a wide variety of styles.
	www.angelfire.com /mn/thursdaynighthikes/lakeisles_arch1.html (17389 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		In the official lists in sections 6.2 - 6.10, an asterisk (*) next to a protocol denotes that it is new to this document or has been moved from one protocol level to another, or differs from the previous edition of this document.
		While they may be proposed as a service protocol at a later stage, and thus become proposed standard, draft standard, and then standard protocols, the designation of a protocol as experimental may sometimes be meant to suggest that the protocol, although perhaps mature, is not intended for operational use.
		Sometimes one protocol is replaced by another and thus becomes historic, or it may happen that a protocol on the standards track is in a sense overtaken by another protocol (or other events) and becomes historic (state 5).
	www.faqs.org /rfc/rfc1880.txt (5715 words)

	The Shaker Round Barn
		Frank Lloyd Wright wrote that "the true basis for any serious study of the art of architecture still lies in those indigenous, more humble buildings everywhere that are to architecture what folklore is to literature or folksong to music.
		Although, in theory, uniformity was "comely," in practice the Shaker artisan was left relatively free to fabricate machines, buildings or furniture which he felt would best express a principle, or fit a need.
		The use of native materials--stone, brick, and wood--combined with native skills produced an anonymous, vernacular architecture.
	rogershepherd.com /WIW/solution4/shakers2.html (1394 words)

	The World-Wide Web Virtual Library: Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Focus, of the study, was on the relationship between architecture and the city, or in more general terms, between an object and its environment.
		Architectural CAD modeling is a necessary tool for architects and architectural students.
		Architecture Related Net Connections - This service is provided through CLRnet and the Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design, University of Toronto - Maintained by: rodney@clr.utoronto.ca (Rodney Hoinkes) / © 1994-1999, Centre for Landscape Research, University of Toronto (Rodney Hoinkes) ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
	www.clr.utoronto.ca /VIRTUALLIB/ARCH/proj.html (3995 words)

	Notre Dame de Paris Historic Overview - Earthlore Exploations Gothic Dreams Feature
		These were the 'development' years of early Gothic architecture, it was essential that Paris should contain an impressive cathedral featuring innovations to surpass such smaller towns as Sens and Noyon.
		Through the eyes of this young, impassioned writer, the cathedrals of the middle ages were 'books in stone,' works to be treasured and cared for.
		He never dreamed that there were other hedgerows than the stained-glass windows in perpetual bloom; other shade than that of the stone foliage always budding, loaded with birds in the thickets of Saxon capitals; other mountains than the colossal towers of the church; or other oceans than Paris roaring at their feet.'
	elore.com /Gothic/History/Overview/paris.htm (2713 words)

	Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin Biography / Biography of Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin Biography
		Born in London on March 1, 1812, A. Pugin was the son of, and early assistant to, Augustus Charles Pugin, the producer of pattern books of Gothic building, such as Examples of Gothic Architecture (1831).
		The theme of contrast between the unity and goodness of the Middle Ages and the pluralism and degeneracy of the industrialized 19th century was common in intellectual circles of the time, but Pugin gave it architectural expression through a series of plates contrasting medieval with modern, classically inspired buildings.
		His buildings are discussed in the context of the architecture of his time in Henry-Russell Hitchcock, Early Victorian Architecture in Britain (1954).
	www.bookrags.com /biography-augustus-welby-northmore-pugin (594 words)

	Encyclopedia: 1834
		1831 1832 1833 - 1834 - 1835 1836 1837
		1831 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar).
		See also: 1833 in architecture, other events of 1834, 1835 in architecture and the architecture timeline.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/1834 (5348 words)

	The Genius of Place: Landscape Architecture
		However, more than any other form of spatial design, landscape architecture pursues a natur0al aesthetic as it seeks to use organic forms to make outdoor spaces at once pleasing and useful.
		Downing and others began arguing that every home should be surrounded by a "green carpet setting" that would properly accent the landscape ornamentation, but they had no idea that the American turf grass savanna would come to cover 25 million acres or 40,000 square miles of the continent--an area slightly less than that of Pennsylvania.
		Landscape architecture's quest is to pursue this nebulous ideal; yet it is a lesson that might also instruct each human living in the 1990s.
	www.skidmore.edu /academics/theater/productions/arcadia/landscape.html (1811 words)

	Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Grumblethorpe is a fine example of a Germantown house of the eighteenth century, sharing with the Johnson house, and the Green Tree Inn, the distinction of a truly indigenous architecture.
		Stephen Girard died in the closing days of 1831 and he was America’s wealthiest citizen.
		It is, strictly speaking, not a typical Victorian mansion, consisting of Grecian architecture in the front (facing the river) and Regency in the rear."
	www.voicenet.com /~wordinfo/deutsch/architecture.htm (1114 words)

	IconomaniaUrbanism, Spectacle and the SaintSimonians, Spyros Papapetros
		The whole architecture of the female temple consists of the building elements of her "dressing": escalators as her shoes, doors as the pleats of her robe, shopping arcades as her skirt, galleries as her belt and the windowrosettes as a brassiere covering her breasts.
		Moreover, from what I have presented so far, the architectural "projects" of the Saint Simonians might seem to be a ruinous assemblage of left over constructions, rough pencil sketches and quasi hallucinatory manuscripts that even their own authors seems to have forgotten.
		However, it is exactly from such sparse fragments reminiscent of Cuvier's fossils, that nineteenthcentury science claimed to be able to reconstruct a prehistoric organism in its gigantic magnitude—if not to bring it back to life, millennia after its disappearance.
	www.humnet.ucla.edu /humnet/arthist/icono/papapetros/simonian.htm (9061 words)

	[No title]
		In turn, its working group CEN TC 310 WG1, “Systems Architecture”, hereafter referred to as TC310 WG1, is concerned with standardization work in the field of CIM Systems Architecture.
		More specific benefits to be obtained are better and safer decision-making, multiple sourcing of model components, faster model building, the ability to carry out alternative what-if co-operative analyses, the provision of guidance for special out-of-line situations, and faster implementation of policy.
		Taken together, these constructs form a generic architecture from which a wide range of models with wide applicability in CIM can be particularised.
	www.omg.org /docs/bom/97-11-19.txt (10692 words)

	Architecture timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		This page indexes the individual year in architecture pages.
		The Palace of Assembly at Chandigarh, India, is finished, completing largely the design for the civic structures for the new city deisgned by Le Corbusier.
		The 1937 World's Fair in Paris showcases Nazi and Soviet architecture and Art Deco.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/A/Architecture-timeline.htm (2417 words)

	Enterprise Architecture Standards, Institute For Enterprise Architecture Developments (IFEAD)
		It is based, as far as possible, on the use of formal description techniques for specification of the architecture.
		Enterprise Architecture and Standards are developed under the sponsorship of the USA Commonwealth of Kentucky Information Resources Management Commission.
		The Architecture Description Markup Language (ADML) is an XML-based representation language for architecture.
	www.enterprise-architecture.info /EA_Standards.htm (1754 words)

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