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Topic: 1847 in rail transport

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	Railroad
		Though the rail system was extremely slow at first and prohibitively expensive to build and run, the British were not to be dissuaded in their pursuit of non-animal driven transportation.
		The most advanced mode of transportation prior to the introduction of the rail system was the horse drawn omnibus on a track, called a tram.
		Some rails were still made of wood, others iron and the first trains traveled at the pace of 3.5 miles per hour, significantly slower than the horse drawn coach which traveled at a speed of 9-10 miles per hour.
	www.gober.net /victorian/reports/railroad.html (1783 words)

	Electric Traction
		In England a patent was granted in 1840 for the use of rails as conductors of electric current, and similar American patents were issued to Lilley and Colten in 1847.
		All that is needed to cause the car to move along the running rails is to supply current through an overhead wire or third "conductor rail." This wire or rail will serve as a "return" for the electric current to the dynamo in the power station.
		This conductor rail was set one inch below the level of the running rails, and wooden ramps were provided at points and crossings to carry the collectors over the rails, thus avoiding a short-circuit.
	mikes.railhistory.railfan.net /r066.html (2793 words)

	USA Postmaster General annual report 1847
		This, however, as we have intimated, was a Herculean task the whole rotten system was to be changed, and the enmity of the contractor and carrier deprived of accustomed plunder, was to he encountered as well as adverse public opinion, poisoned through the influence of an unprincipled and venal press in the interests of speculators.
		If, in the shape of bonuses, allowances, and political rewards, the cost of transportation is raised to $3,500,000, the revenues of the department will no longer pay its expenses; but the extra $1,000,000 must be drawn by taxes on shirts, sugar, and sheetings from the laborer who seldom writes letters, to feed corruption.
		It is not a little singular that these very rail roads were, by act of Congress, in force from 1832 to 1843, relieved from a duty of near 100 per cent, on iron used for rails, while the tax was borne by all other interests in the country.
	www.geocities.com /pdstampinfo/pmg_report_1847.html (3613 words)

	Transport Pamphlets
		The economics of the railways is covered from the initial raising of capital in the 1840s, amalgamations of the railway companies in the late 19th century to the nationalisation debate, competition with road transport and line closures in the 20th century.
		The debate about rail nationalisation and privatisation was reopened in the 1990s and pamphlets on this subject have been published by the main political parties, and bodies such as Transport 2000 and the Chartered Institute for Public Finance and Accountancy.
		Transport 2000 however saw a future for the railways and published a pamphlet on electrification called "An electrification case" in 1976(fHE1(42)/F28).
	library-2.lse.ac.uk /collections/pamphlets/transport/transport4.html (1632 words)

	1847 - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		1844 1845 1846 - 1847 - 1848 1849 1850
		1847 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar).
		You can find it there under the keyword 1847 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1847)The list of previous authors is available here: version history (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1847andaction=history).
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/1847 (642 words)

	The Wirral Transport Museum - Home
		A less well known fact is that from this tram works, the first Trolleybus was built and it was operated in Cleveland Street, using the Corporation tram lines and a skate.
		Although this photo was taken on 22-01-73, thirty-two years later the entrance still remains as a reminder to this area’s most important connection with the Midlands and the South.
		In 1903 ‘Lairds Bros’ amalgamated with the steel manufactures Charles Cammell and Co Sheffield, and the famous name of Cammell Lairds and Co. Ltd was born.
	www.wirraltransportmuseum.org (847 words)

	Transport
		The Road Transport link takes you to a potted history of the Midland General Omnibus Company, the subsequent name of the original company, and a more specialised page gives you a full list of the changes to the trolleybus and bus routes during the life of the MGO.
		Public transport fell into decline in the 1960's, with the growth in ownership of private motor cars, and the Beeching cuts in the rail network.
		Langley Mill railway station, the first to open in 1847, closed with the others that remained in 1967, but fortunately re-opened in 1986, and is still available for travel.
	www.heanorhistory.org.uk /transport.htm (918 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for 1829 in rail transport
		Rail Transport Find Providers of Rail and Intermodal Transportation Services.
		railroad RAILROAD [railroad] or railway, form of transportation most commonly consisting of steel rails, called tracks, on which freight cars, passenger cars, and other rolling stock are drawn by one locomotive or more.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "1829 in rail transport" at HighBeam.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=1829+in+rail+transport (356 words)

	Ipswich Transport Museum
		Preserving the transport heritage of Ipswich since 1965, and now supported by the Friends of the Ipswich Transport Museum.
		The introduction of cheap mass produced road trucks for military use, coupled with the training of thousands of men to drive them, produced another transport revolution as significant as the coming of the railways in the first place.
		An extension to Bury was built by the nominally independent Ipswich and Bury Railway but this was absorbed by the E.U.R. as from 9th July 1847.
	www.ipswichtransportmuseum.co.uk /hrail.htm (1095 words)

	Ireland's Railway Systems
		It was found that the waves had battered the piers of the viaduct with such force that the vibration of the whole structure had thrown the rails out of gauge, and the viaduct was abandoned.
		This battery is used for road and rail transport, and has operated eighty-ton suburban passenger trains on the Great Southern Railways for several years without one failure.
		Through rail communication between Belfast and Londonderry was, however, not established until the completion of the viaduct over the River Bann at Coleraine in 1860.
	mikes.railhistory.railfan.net /r051.html (9156 words)

	Denmark - Production and Communications - Transport (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This has resulted in fresh investment in developing railway installations and goods terminals with equipment for the fast transfer between road and rail transport and the establishment of new stretches of railway for especially passenger traffic, for instance to Copenhagen Airport in Kastrup.
		The railway network accounts for about 6% of passenger transport (though some 20% in the Copenhagen area) and about 7% of goods traffic in Denmark (1995) after a continuous decline over the previous 40 years.
		In 2001 a new chapter in the history of Danish railways was opened when rail traffic (but not the tracks) on some rail lines in Central and West Jutland was put out to tender.
	www.um.dk /Publikationer/UM/English/Denmark/kap2/2-16.asp (1308 words)

	British Empire: Science and Technology: Transport: Railways
		In 1847 there were a quarter of a million navvies digging and blasting their way over the British landscape, their travels are one of the lesser documented migrations of history.
		Iron was needed for the rails and its mass production helped to reduce the costs to the railway industry.
		Horses and ships had provided the most efficient means of transport to date, but ships obviously couldn't reach the interior and horses could not match the speed and power of this latest invention.
	www.britishempire.co.uk /science/transport/railways.htm (1320 words)

	Newsletter 84, Sept 2003 - Transport 2000 Cambs
		Their statement of case for the scheme is the shoddiest document I have come across in 25 years of transport campaigning, because of its complete neglect of what is surely the key issue.
		Only one provided for rail, and the road option that was packaged with it was for a completely new alignment, crossing ancient fenland and passing between villages.
		The conclusion reached by the County Council was that rail had been rejected and it moved vigorously towards plans for the guided bus as the Government would only release funds for the road improvements once the public transport (``Rapid Transit'') option had been put in place.
	www.t2000cam.org.uk /newsletter84.html (6464 words)

	www.X-Rail.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The legal basis for international rail transport is the COTIF Convention that was modified in 1999 to become a major instrument for the introduction of competition and the search for greater economic efficiency in the railway freight transport sector.
		Congestion of the European transport system is increasing and consequently putting the economic development in danger, and the oil cost issue and the lack of consensus on the European financial perspectives are reasons for a careful look at the sustainability of our transport system.
		CEE Rail is a director-level, interactive conference experience, where speakers and panellists represent all the key operators from throughout the Central and Eastern European region.
	www.x-rail.net /render.asp?o=4755 (2871 words)

	Network Rail - Edinburgh Waverley
		Payphones are located on the main concourse, inside the main hall, at the entrance to the toilets, and on platforms 7, 11 and 14.
		First aid is available at the Network Rail Reception, or by asking for assistance from a member of the station staff.
		The 1847 North Bridge station comprised a transverse ridge and furrow roof which was 300ft wide by 1100ft long, and was designed by engineers, Blyth and Cunningham
	www.networkrail.co.uk /aspx/807.aspx (827 words)

	Railroad Collections
		Milwaukee Manuscript Collection BP Collection includes the papers of Albert Earling, president of the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railway Company; his daughter, Harriet Earling Dake; and Lawrence Fitch, Mrs.
		The TMERandT sold its property to the Milwaukee Suburban Transport Corporation in 1952, and went out of existence in 1963.
		Includes records of organizations of which Mowry was an officer: the Citizens Civic Council of Milwaukee County and the Property Owners and Renters Association of Milwaukee concerning such items as electric railroads, coal supply, and a water filtration plant; and a 1922 letter from the Federal Trade Commission concerning food and coal prices.
	www.uwm.edu /Library/arch/rail.htm (1396 words)

	The Disability Discrimination (Transport Vehicles) Regulations 2005
		These Regulations may be cited as the Disability Discrimination (Transport Vehicles) Regulations 2005 and shall come into force on 4th December 2006.
		"rail vehicle" means a vehicle constructed or adapted to carry passengers on any railway or tramway and "railway" and "tramway" have the same meaning as in section 67 of the Transport and Works Act 1992[8];
		The exemption from the application of certain parts of section 19(1) of the Act relating to discrimination in relation to goods, facilities and services is disapplied in respect of the provision of transport services by way of a vehicle of a kind listed in regulation 3.
	www.opsi.gov.uk /si/si2005/20053190.htm (1471 words)

	Footprints in the Sand: Themes: Transport
		Over the next 100 years transport changed beyond recognition as trains appeared, then the bicycle and at the very end of the century the first motor cars.
		Horse-drawn buses were the main means of transport in Torquay as in much of the country and were first seen in Torquay around 1859.
		This meant the power was between the rails in the ground.
	www.swgfl.org.uk /seaside/themes/Transport.htm (1249 words)

	Teacher Resources - Collection - Panoramic Maps, 1847-1929
		A contributing factor to the financial crisis known as the Panic of 1857 was the fact that railroads had overbuilt and too often defaulted on debts.
		Although by 1868 the town of Portage, Wisconsin appears to have regained firm financial ground, it had suffered a setback in 1857 when plans to make it a terminus for a northern branch of the La Crosse and Milwaukee Rail Road failed because of the economic downturn.
		Remember that sailing craft were central to the transport of agricultural supplies, industrial goods, and the U.S. mail until the early twentieth century.
	international.loc.gov /ammem/ndlpedu/collections/pmap/file.html (8194 words)

	CHESTER COUNTY FACTS: transport and public works
		The school was located on Rt202, and when parents showed up in cars to retrieve their children, traffic congestion ensued despite the efforts of a West Goshen policeman to direct traffic.
		The Philadelphia Suburban Transportation Company recently petitioned the state PUC to replace its trolley line on PA3 between West Chester and Philadelphia with buses.
		Ralph G. Smith, Inc. was a milk transportation and moving company, which branched out into general freight, warehousing and horse transportation.
	courses.wcupa.edu /jones/his480/notes/z-trans.htm (9648 words)

	New Orleans Picayune - December 1847
		July, 1847, has exceeded seven millions three hundred thousand dollars.
		He says: "Last night we were out on the railroad between Greensboro' and this place, working ten hours to gain as many miles, for the weather had moderated just enough to let it snow, and this morning the ground was covered, and we were still forty miles from Augusta.
		The rails were covered with ice and snow, the wheels of the locomotive would not revolve, and of course the mail this way was lost.
	www.theshipslist.com /1847/decno1847.htm (7098 words)

	Manchester Metrolink — A Brief Rail History
		A Brief Rail History is an outline of the history of railways in the Manchester area, it is set out in chronological order as far as is possible, showing the developments which lead to Metrolink.
		This was formed in 1847 from a number of smaller railways in the two counties from which it is named.
		It also allowed the shielding of the live rail against snow and dirt by a fire resistant Jarrah wood casing, which also gave some protection to railway staff working on the line.
	www.lrta.org /Manchester/Rail_history.html (2877 words)

	The Green Rail Link-home page of kennyb
		The foundation stone for this joint station was laid on October 9th 1846 and was completed in 1847.
		In fact as rail freight growth continues, demand is now exceeding line capacity and as a result, Railtrack wants to upgrade the trans-Pennine route to win more business.
		The tide is turning in rail's favour as a fast, relatively safe, comfortable and environment-friendly form of transport.
	www.users.globalnet.co.uk /~kennyb (2267 words)

	METIS CULTURE 1836-1847
		Red River was becoming more drawn towards the American economic sphere, as they developed their steamer, rail and postal service to St. Paul, Chippewa Country on the Mississippi River.
		March 26: (II)-Paul Kane (1810-1871) witnessed the eruption of Mount St. Helens (Washington) from the mouth of the Lewis River in Oregon Territory.
		April 2: Catherine Larence, Metis, born April 2, 1847, Saskatchewan daughter Bazil Larence, b-1789/95 and Agathe Michel L'Iroquoise; married Bazile Ritchot, born June 15, 1838 son Joseph Ritchot, b-1785 Yamaska, PQ and Josette Maileau (married Red River 1825).
	www.agt.net /public/dgarneau/metis41.htm (9537 words)

	Help.com - 1847 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Ask a question about "1847" and get a guaranteed personal response:
		At the end of 1847 only 15 law schools exist in the United States.
		August 12 – US troops of general Winfield Scott begin to advance along the aqueduct around Chalco and Xochimilco lakes in Mexico
	help.com /wiki/1847 (741 words)

	Transport
		For two generations the story of the locomotive and the horse coach overlapped and, in 1854, the first line in Australia was laid between Goolwa and Port Elliot for a horse tramway to aid the development of a River Murray port.
		Being unacquainted with the condition of the track and having been told to do it in ten minutes he struck the bad place at a terrific speed with the result that several of the carriages were thrown off the lines and the rails spread in all directions.
		The initial farce was the precursor of a series of mishaps; a carriage went off the rails, a brake block left on the line upset another train, an engine left the line near Blackwood and another was derailed at the Adelaide platform.
	www.slsa.sa.gov.au /manning/sa/trans/railmisc.htm (11036 words)

	Wolverton Rail Video Catalogue : Publishers "J" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Features freight trains which link N Italy with the commercial areas of Europe, the transporting of road vehicles between Kandersteg & Goppenstain, and the trains run by the constituent companies of the BLS to places like Interlaken.
		This programme records all the railways which follow the entire length of the River Mosel from Bussang in France to Koblenz in Germany, and also captures the various moods of the river and the harmonious co-existance of river and rail freight.
		Features the passenger and freight trains which share the rails, and the historic locos of the 3 railways which own the line.
	www.wolvertonrail.co.uk /catalog/wrcatp_j.htm (4664 words)

	fleetpages.com \| Facilities \| Transport
		Below are the latest timetables for services running to and London Waterloo and Basingstoke from Fleet Station; it is intended as a general guide, and the very latest information can be found at the South West Trains web site at www.swtrains.co.uk or by calling 0845 6000650.
		You can also obtain information from the Railtrack web site at www.railtrack.co.uk or by calling the National Rail Enquiries times and fares hotline on (0845) 7484950.
		Some services also stop at the station in Winchfield, between Fleet and Hook on the Basingstoke route.
	www.fleetpages.com /faciliti/transpor.asp?page=rail (129 words)

	Second-hand books - miscellaneous transport subjects
		Transport In Jersey. An historical survey of public transport facilities by rail and road in the island of Jersey 1788 - 1961.
		Octavo, 142 pages, sepia plates, 2 large folding maps, tables of transit times. Brown and cream card covers, near fine. "The primary object of this booklet is to introduce to those interested in the transport** of freight the manifold services and facilities placed by the Great Western Railway at the disposal of its customers".
		Large 4to, 154 pages, illustrated, hard back, jacket, VG. 'A tribute to the pioneers of the sugar industry in far north Queensland.' Two chapters on transport** - the mill was served by a complex tramway - and references in other chapters.
	www.roberthumm.co.uk /acatalog/Miscellany.html (2514 words)

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