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	1851 in archaeology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The year 1851 CE in archaeology included many events, some of which are listed below.
		See also: 1850 in archaeology, other events of 1851, 1852 in archaeology and the list of years in archaeology.
		John Disney endows the Disney Professorship of Archaeology in the University of Cambridge
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1851_in_archaeology (95 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Christian Archaeology
		Christian archaeology is that branch of the science of archaeology the object of which is the study of ancient Christian monuments.
		The principal aim of Christian archaeology, as indicated, is to ascertain all that is possible relative to the manners and customs of the early Christians from the monuments of Christian antiquity.
		As a consequence of this difficulty, differences of opinion exist among archaeologists as to the chronological limits to be assigned to Christian archaeology.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03705a.htm (4419 words)

	The Bible and Archaeology
		He is credited with transforming archaeology from a treasure hunt into a disciplined search for information about the past.
		Archaeology supplies means for understanding many of the biblical situations(;) it adds the dimension of reality to pictures that otherwise would be strange and somewhat unreal, and therefore it provides an element of credibility.
		Archaeology, by supplying him with material remains from biblical times and places, and by interpreting these data, provides a context of reality for the biblical story and reasonability for biblical faith" (1979, Vol.
	www.ucgstp.org /lit/gn/gn004/gn004f05.htm (3370 words)

	Archaeology - Seminar Series
		This research was into the earliest occupation of Britain, with particular reference to open-air sites situated at high-levels in the landscape (rather than the river gravel sites or caves that have been the traditional focus for investigations) and the analysis of handaxe-making and use.
		This is a discussion of regional archaeology and its strengths and weaknesses using New England, New South Wales as a case study.
		Through a synthesis of genetics, archaeology and climatology an extraordinarily clear view of human origins has been revealed, overturning the commonly held view that modern humans left Africa from the north and the south in several waves to populate Europe and Asia.
	www.archaeology.arts.uwa.edu.au /seminar_series (4106 words)

	The Bible and Archaeology
		Because this impression that archaeology's role is to "prove the Bible" is so strong, especially among more conservative and evangelical scholars, it is appropriate to digress for a moment and examine Biblical principles that can inform us of the abuses and proper uses of archaeology with regards to Biblical research.
		The final area where archaeology can make a contribution is in refuting the challenges that critics have laid against the Bible's historical veracity.
		In summary, we have attempted to describe the relationship of archaeology to the study of Scripture within a context that accepts the Bible as the fully inspired, authoritative Word of God that includes a truthful and accurate history of God's dealings with humanity from the time of Creation to the present age.
	www.aiias.edu /ict/vol_26B/26Bcc_457-477.htm (7181 words)

	Behind the Mask of Agamemnon
		Stories he told about himself--his desire from the age of eight to excavate Troy, his 1851 White House meeting with President Millard Fillmore, his discovery of a bust of Cleopatra at Alexandria--were patently untrue.
		Late last year ARCHAEOLOGY received a manuscript from Calder restating his claim that the mask is a forgery.
		Because of its serious implications, ARCHAEOLOGY solicited responses from five experts, printing in full those of David A. Traill, author of Schliemann of Troy: Treasure and Deceit, and Katie Demakopoulou, former director of the National Archaeological Museum in Athens.
	www.archaeology.org /9907/etc/mask.html (773 words)

	Dangerous Archaeology
		In archaeology, as in art history and other fields of history, there is a new, mounting awareness of the enduring ramifications of the forces at work in the formation of scholars like Kelsey and Breasted.
		Kelsey, Breasted and others of the first generation of scientific archaeology were bound by their own points of view, as were their predecessors, and as are their successors.
		Archaeologists are invited to consider critical theory by evidence that archaeology in some environments is used to serve political ends and by the growing controversy over the ownership and control of remains and interpretations of the past.
	www.umich.edu /~kelseydb/Exhibits/DangerousArchaeology/Conclusion.html (717 words)

	What is Archaeology?
		A commentary by Kris Hirst on the development of archaeology from the earliest treasure hunters to the development of scientific technique.
		He looks at (amongst other things) the earliest days of archaeology in the 18th century, the beginnings of civilisation, the relationship between archaeology and the state, and new perspectives in archaeology.
		A poll conducted for the Society of American Archaeology in 2000 finds, amongst other things, that most Americans support the goals and practice of archaeology, endorse laws protecting archaeological sites and artifacts, and think archaeology is important to today's society...
	www.gla.ac.uk /archaeology/resources/archcont/whatis.html (523 words)

	Agatha Christie and Archaeology
		Occupied from prehistoric times, it reached its real prominence in the reign of King Ashurnasirpal II (883-859) who made Nimrud the capital of the Assyrian empire, which was soon to stretch from Western Iran to the Mediterranean Sea.
		Between 1845 and 1851 he discovered a series of palaces along the western side of the acropolis, in particular one belonging to Ashurnasirpal II (883-859 BCE).
		Her travels and encounters provided Agatha with a huge source of material that she was able to draw on in her writing.
	www.fathom.com /course/21701725/session4.html (2360 words)

	Hothouse Archaeology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The 1992 archaeology confirmed the site to be that of the "Upper Hot House" and indicated that it was an original feature of the estate operating up to, but not long after, Uniacke's death in 1830.
		There is some question as to whether the direct descendants of Uniacke possessed the means and/or desire to maintain the estate in full, and the hothouse may have been forsaken as an unnecessary expense.
		Prior to the 1992 archaeology, the exposed foundation was thought to represent the complete hothouse structure; however, as the excavation progressed and historical sources were consulted, it was increasingly clear that the building was much larger than anticipated.
	museum.gov.ns.ca /arch/sites/uniacke/hothouse.htm (1326 words)

	Stanford Journal of Archaeology
		Lower, as Secretary of the Sussex Archaeological Society, was informed that a flint-digger had found a "British urn twelve inches in height and containing the burnt bones of a human body" upon opening up a tumulus at Mount Harry.
		For example, the Rosetta Stone was discovered under Napoleon in Egypt in 1799, and the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphic script was made possible through the scientific rigor of French scholar Jean François Champollion in 1822.
		In prehistoric archaeology, there were numerous discoveries in other countries.
	stanford.edu /dept/archaeology/journal/newdraft/chung/paperpage.html (3892 words)

	1851 - 1880 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The British and Irish Magnetic Telegraph Company was formed by the amalgamation of the Magnetic Telegraph Company (formed in 1851) and the British Telegraph Company (formed in 1852).
		The site remained derelict for some years, presenting an ideal opportunity for excavations by the Department of Urban Archaeology of the Museum of London during 1975-1979, yielding much information on the earlier history of the site.
		Finally, planning permission was granted in 1979 for the construction of a new building: BT Centre, the present headquarters of BT, opened in 1984.
	www.bt.com /archives/history/18511880.htm (3006 words)

	marine archaeology underwater archaeology
		In this time an ancient harbour was investigated at Feodosia, at the Black Sea, as well as a post-medieval boat in the northern part of Chudskoe Lake.
		But those were only the first experiences from land archaeologists in a water environment." You will find a discussion of the problems and history of underwater archaeology in the Black Sea, from Peter Sorokin of the Russian Academy of Science.
		__ "The Ormen Lange Marine Archaeology Project is the most technologically advanced underwater archaeology research project ever undertaken." Learn about the research, find a project description, view galleries and more.
	www.archaeolink.com /marine_archaeology.htm (1190 words)

	Heritage Archaeology
		The Goulburn Herald 10 March 1855 announced that Adelong Creek was being worked for ‘thirty miles along its course with very shallow sinkings and surfacing on the hill slopes’.
		Miners had rushed to the goldfield at Sofala around June 1851, then to Tambaroora and Bald Hill, later known as Hill End (Higgins 1990).
		The discoveries at Adelong were competing with those at Araluen, a rush that had begun in 1852, although did not reach its peak until several years later.
	www.heritagearchaeology.com.au /Publications/Adeo_02.htm (6451 words)

	The Cataraqui Archaeological Research Foundation: Marine Archaeology
		Marine archaeology is similar in philosophy and methodology to on-land archaeology, though the equipment employed may differ slightly.
		She was fitted with 1835 vintage beam-engines from an older steamer, and served on the passenger and steamboat freight routes on the St. Lawrence River and Lake Ontario.
		After her boiler exploded and she sank at Oswego, New York in 1851, she was rebuilt and renamed Mayflower.
	www.carf.info /kingstonpast/marinearchaeology.php (3483 words)

	Archaeology
		Leeds, E.T. The Archaeology of the Anglo-Saxon Settlements (Oxford, 1913) Reprinted (Oxford, 1970).
		Ottaway, Patrick, Archaeology in British Towns: from the Emperor Claudius to the Black Death (London, 1992).
		Alcock, Leslie, in collaboration with S.J. Stevenson and C.R. Musson, Cadbury Castle, Somerset: the Early Medieval Archaeology (Cardiff, 1995).
	www.kami.demon.co.uk /gesithas/biblio/bib09.html (5233 words)

	Archaeology
		The court had to decide as to the ownership of the hull of the ATLANTIC and of the abandoned cargo and personal possessions on board the ATLANTIC.
		Mar Dive testified that a tank located on the deck of the ATLANTIC actually was an abandoned submersible diving bell or submarine built circa 1851.
		In 1856, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the collision between the ATLANTIC and the OGDENSBURGH was a result of the equal negligence of both vessels.
	www.kwic.com /~pagodavista/atlantic.html (2529 words)

	Greek Archaeology and Anthropology
		He is the world’s leading authority on Cypriote Archaeology (Info in Greek)
		He also studied at University of Sorbonne, Paris, and received from the Council of Europe a Diploma in Underwater Archaeology before immigrating to Canada, 1989, to take a teaching position, Department of Classics, University of Manitoba, where today he is Professor of Archaeology in the Departments of Classics and Anthropology.
		His research interests are the social, political, and cultural history of Greece from the Bronze Age to the Hellenistic period.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/NewArch/Archaeology.html (1298 words)

	Teaching Archaeology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Titles on general archaeology and history are listed first, followed by period sections, beginning with the Romans.
		For work in history and archaeology a number of useful fonts have appeared recently.
		Some are in the public domain and cost little more than postage, disc, and copying charges; their quality is usually at least fair, sometimes quite good, but not of professional standards for publication, and often the character set is incomplete with perhaps no lower case and only minimal punctuation.
	www.britarch.ac.uk /educate/ed13.html (6983 words)

	Stanford Journal of Archaeology
		1998 Archaeology under Fire: Nationalism, Politics and Heritage in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East.
		Silberman, N. Between Past and Present: Archaeology, Ideology, and Nationalism in the Modern Middle East.
		Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
	archaeology.stanford.edu /journal/newdraft/garnand/referencepage.html (2833 words)

	Hampshire Industrial Archaeology Society
		With the prospect of another bump, bump, bump return journey to Southampton we, nevertheless, put that thought out of our minds and determined to make a return visit, in a year or two, to do some further exploring, with knowledge gained from the talks, and to monitor progress on the ‘extremely interesting town centre schemes.
		Apparently the 1851 Great Exhibition was not very well accepted by the ordinary people.
		At the end of his talk it was concluded that the buildings to house these exhibitions have demonstrated structural ingenuity and have exploited new materials, as well as leaving us a heritage of infrastrucure.
	www.hants.gov.uk /suiag/FOC56.html (12298 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Archaeology
		The Commission of Sacred Archæology was then appointed to superintend the application of this fund to labours in the Catacombs and elsewhere.
		The first meeting of this Commission was held at Rome at 1851, at the residence of Cardinal Patrizi, who presided over it by virtue of his office, and selected its members, first amongst them being the Sacristan of His Holiness, Mgr.
		Castellani, whose office up till then included that of the preservation of sacred relics.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01690a.htm (564 words)

	Industrial Archaeology Review XX
		Its own development is dealt with in the context of other housing development, contemporary architecture, the thinking on employee welfare, and the total concept and vision of the village, in order to present a fuller evaluation.
		This paper will also demonstrate the relevance of industrial archaeology to the study of 20th century industrial activity.
		The author describes the above-mentioned treatment techniques and pumping machinery, and expands on the English character of the former Antwerp water supply company.
	www.industrial-archaeology.org.uk /arev20.htm (1052 words)

	MTU Industrial Archaeology Program
		We excavated from the center of one buddle across to the outside edge, and it proved to be about 9 meters in diameter.
		In 1851 the Ohio Trap Rock company fired the English mine captain who was their on-site agent, and hired an experienced Cornish miner, Captain Joseph Buzzo, in his place.
		Buzzo tripled the workforce to more than 100 workers and directed the construction of additional surface facilities.
	www.ss.mtu.edu /ia/IAWeb/cornbud.html (1064 words)

	Teaching Archaeology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A range of short courses, also Certificates in British Archaeology, and English Local History and a Diploma in Field Archaeology.
		Local archaeology, in the 17th century county hall.
		Built in 1851, once the home of Lady Astor, now a hotel.
	www.britarch.ac.uk /educate/ed9h.html (761 words)

	Indian Policies 1851-1890 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		1st Laramie Treaty of 1851 - Thomas Fitzpatrick - 9 of 13 Plains nations - define hunting grounds - allow right of passage - gifts and annuities
		Archaeology of the Battle of Little Big Horn
		The quote of Chief Joseph is from Alvin Josephy, Jr.
	history.sandiego.edu /gen/west/indian.html (993 words)

	RCAHMS : links to related websites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		For information and advice, or if you have an enquiry connected with planning, development or land management, you should contact your local authority archaeology service.
		Where possible, protect and promote the archaeology of their area
		Promotion of research into archaeology within their area in association with universities and other bodies
	www.rcahms.gov.uk /links.html (839 words)

	Norfolk Museums & Archaeology Service: J W M Turner 1775-1851 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Norfolk Museums and Archaeology Service: J W M Turner 1775-1851
		Art at the Rockface: The Fascination of Stone
		Pencil and watercolour heightened with white of grey paper
	www.museums.norfolk.gov.uk /?Document=200.21.10.015.04x1 (139 words)

	Historic Preservation and Archaeology
		While we have not evidence as an active participant in the UGRR, his political work and outspoken opinions helped bring about change.
		A well-known debater, he opposed extension of slavery, 1850 Fugitive Slave Act requiring citizens to return escaping slaves to their owners, and Article 13 of 1851 Constitution prohibiting fls from moving into Indiana.
		Moved to Osgood area before 1860; built home here circa 1865.
	www.in.gov /dnr/historic/ugrr_sites_ripleyco.html (313 words)

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