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	History of rail transport in France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The history of rail transport in France dates from the first French railway in 1832 to present-day enterprises such as the TGV.
		For example, in 1832, the Rouen Chamber of Commerce opposed a rail link between Rouen and Paris, arguing it would be detrimental to agriculture, hurt the traditional way of life, and impinge upon the business of the canals and rivers.
		That the rail companies only operated on leases paved the way for the nationalisation of the French rail lines under the socialist government of the 1930s.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_rail_transport_in_France (2651 words)

	Rail to the Rescue - Part 1
		In the 1850s, rail travel was a 'state of the art' development, endowed with an aura of glamour that thrilled its passengers.
		Born into a world that accepted the horse as the fastest means of transport, they had the impression of passing through a time warp as their locomotive ate up the miles between major towns at speeds previously considered the stuff of science fiction.
		Rail was becoming a world-wide industry, developing in countries as far-flung as Argentina, Algeria and Russia, and driven by British expertise and technology, headed up by confident charismatic and vigorous entrepreneurs.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/crimean_war/118364 (495 words)

	Florida Institute of Phosphate Research - Research Past - Rail-Veyor Bulk Material Transport System
		Transporting bulk material is a costly and energy-intensive part of the phosphate process.
		The Rail-Veyor System is a bulk material transport concept that represents a cost-effective, environmentally safe approach to moving a wide variety of materials.
		The present slurry transport system has been an extremely successful means of moving matrix and is the accepted standard of moving matrix.
	www.fipr.state.fl.us /FIPRreport2003/research-past-01-152-147.htm (823 words)

	Canal Street / Clark Street Historic District
		In the central bay, a small gable-roofed porch with horizontal paneling in the peak covers the entrance which is flanked by narrow pilasters with a central raised narrow strip on top of engaged blocks.
		1855 Classic Cottage is five bays in the front with eaves front gable roof oriented parallel to the street.
		1855 two-story, 3x4 bay, side hall plan, vernacular dwelling is a gable front, wood frame structure whose main facade features a full width one-story porch.
	www.crjc.org /heritage/V02-36.htm (23911 words)

	Linking a Nation: Chapter 1 - Australia and the Industrial Revolution in Transport and Communications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This pastoral wealth demanded transport and communication facilities, but these could be rudimentary, since wool was very light in relation to its value, so could support the heavy costs of overland transport by bullock dray.
		Because road freight transport operated on roads provided almost free by the government, whereas railways were burdened with the interest charges on their infrastructure as well as its continued maintenance, state governments protected their investment in railways by regulating road freight, until this became technically and politically untenable around 1970.
		Transport of goods and people, and communication between widely dispersed individuals and institutions are essential to the division of labour on which a modern economy is based, and this paper explores that central reality of the human experience in modern Australia.
	www.ahc.gov.au /publications/national-stories/transport/chapter1.html (2812 words)

	Chapter 4: Building Australia's First Railways, 1848-1873 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This was conceived from the beginning as a total transportation system, carrying a wide range of commodities as well as passengers in different classes of accommodation in scheduled trains run by the company.
		It is a peculiar measurement, which probably arose from the fact that the rails were laid five feet apart measured across their outside faces, thereby creating what became the standard gauge between the rails' inner faces.
		Once the rails had reached the Murray, Melbourne was assured at least of the temporary economic domination of the rich pastoral districts of southwestern New South Wales.
	www.ahc.gov.au /publications/national-stories/transport/chapter4.html (4795 words)

	1855 - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar).
		The Panama Railway becomes the first railroad to connect the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean by rail as the railroad's route across Panama is completed.
		You can find it there under the keyword 1855 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1855)The list of previous authors is available here: version history (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1855andaction=history).
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/1855 (543 words)

	An Outline of American Geography - Chapter 5
		Transportation lines were improved and expanded to carry the tremendous volume of agricultural products grown on the region's farms.
		The foundations for the growth of the region are reflected in the gradual shift of transportation concentration as railroad lines began to be spread across the interior plains.
		The main effects of transport innovations such as the automobile and the airplane were to increase individual mobility and to minimize the impact of shipment costs in the production process.
	usinfo.state.gov /products/pubs/geography/geog05.htm (3228 words)

	American Experience \| Chicago: City of the Century \| People & Events
		In 1855, the city established a new sewer system, but in order for it to drain into the river, the new pipes and streets were raised as high as ten feet above ground.
		Rail travel had been a hard exercise in boredom and hunger before Pullman.
		Rail owners mixed mail cars into all their trains however, and then called in the federal government when the mail failed to get through.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/chicago/peopleevents/p_pullman.html (933 words)

	Dates in Canadian Railway History
		1855, March 19 - The vehicular suspension bridge across the Niagara Gorge (built in 1848) is strengthened for the passage of railway trains.
		This is the longest rail tunnel in the Americas.
		Lawrence and Hudson Railway is formed by merging the CP Rail routes in southern Ontario and Quebec with its Delaware and Hudson subsidiary in northern USA.
	www.railways.incanada.net /candate/candate.htm (10460 words)

	Hacked [ Kop Kop..! ] - Rail Heritage Australia (NSW) Inc: News Letter - November`05
		The principal recommendation was that a Rail Heritage Entity should be established as the legal owner and manager of all moveable and non-operational fixed and built rail heritage currently owned by the NSW railways, the entity to be a State Owned Corporation as a subsidiary of RailCorp, or failing that, a Trust.
		As a reminder and as reported in the previous Newsletter, an approach was made to ITSRR on behalf of rail heritage groups with accreditation to run on disused branch lines but which are unable to do so due to the inability to obtain affordable insurance.
		This is likely to be an overwhelming task for rail heritage operators, particularly the smaller ones with few resources to absorb and implement the stringent requirements which will come into force on 1 July 2006.
	www.casinominirail.com /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=13 (1987 words)

	Indian Railways,Rail travel in India,how to travel in India,India's tourist trains,Royal Orient,Palace on Wheels
		To retrace the history of rail travel in India since its inception, a museum, displaying a number of railway exhibits, was opened for public in Delhi on February 1, 1977.
		The loco and coaches, built since 1855, have been laid out on 10 acres of land interspersed with greenery and railway artifacts like wayside station benches, and drinking water kiosks.
		It was way back in 1855 that the Fairy Queen rolled out on its maiden journey for the East Indian Railway, hauling troop trains to Raniganj during the 1857 First War of Independence in India.
	www.theindiatravelguide.com /test/railways.htm (1791 words)

	Transportation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Transportation technologies transformed the Kingston area in the 19th century.
		The growth continued and by 1855 the town had 6,000 residents, finally surpassing the village of nearby Kingston.
		It is somewhat ironic that an early transportation technology of the Industrial Revolution, the railroad, brought about Rondout's decline.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nr/travel/kingston/transport.htm (1220 words)

	Russian Authoritarianism and Empire, 1855-1900
		Russia fought the Crimean War (1853-56) with the largest standing army in Europe, and its population was greater than that of France and Britain combined, but in that war it failed to defend its territory from attack mainly by the British and French - in the Crimea.
		Russia's rail track, around 1,600 kilometers in 1860, was around 53,000 kilometers by the end of the century, when the great trans-Siberia railway, begun in 1892, was almost finished.
		From Moscow, the hub of Russia's rail lines, track extended to the Far East, westward to Warsaw and the Baltic Sea, north to St. Petersburg and to Archangel, south to the Black Sea, and southeast to the shore of the Caspian Sea and to Samarkand and the Afghan border.
	www.fsmitha.com /h3/h47-ru.htm (6032 words)

	Early Railroads of New York (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The road was opened from Auburn to Geddes with wooden rails, June 8, 1838, at which date Sherwood's stage horses were put upon the line between Auburn and Geddes, and continued to draw the cars till June 4, 1839, when the "iron horse" was put on in their place.
		The charter was amended April 20th, 1837, so as to increase the capital stock $1,000,000, and authorized the directors to borrow to the amount of $400,000 for the completion of the road, and to secure the loan by a mortgage upon the property and stock of the company.
		The remainder of the road was laid upon longitudinal sills, upon which the sleepers rested; notched on both sides to secure the sills in their place, and also to receive the wood rail upon which rested the iron plate as in the first part of the road.
	www.catskillarchive.com /rrextra/abnyrr.Html (7737 words)

	Ireland's Railway Systems
		It was found that the waves had battered the piers of the viaduct with such force that the vibration of the whole structure had thrown the rails out of gauge, and the viaduct was abandoned.
		This battery is used for road and rail transport, and has operated eighty-ton suburban passenger trains on the Great Southern Railways for several years without one failure.
		Through rail communication between Belfast and Londonderry was, however, not established until the completion of the viaduct over the River Bann at Coleraine in 1860.
	mikes.railhistory.railfan.net /r051.html (9156 words)

	Halifax County, Virginia, History
		The success of the B&O Railroad as a transportation link for the farmers and expanding regional markets convinced a majority of legislators that railroad construction was not only viable, but necessary for the economic health of the Commonwealth.
		Though the transport of hospital patients and prisoners added to the R&D railroad's use, they were a minor part of the large increase in traffic volume promulgated by the war.
		Virginia's transportation networks were one of the main Union targets during the war, and by 1865 were in ruins.
	www.oldhalifax.com /county/historicalMonograph.htm (11972 words)

	[No title]
		The city liabilities are: Bonds due in 1855, $53,609; in 1857, $20,000; in 1858, $50,(000; in 1859, $60,000; in 1865, $50,(',00; in 1869,,10,919; in 1870, $27,925;in 1871, $19,320; in 1872, $400; in 1873, $22,000; optionial, $3,t50;-Total, $317,632.
		One upon thle Michigan Central Rail RIoad, one upon the Detroit and Milwaukee Rail Road and one upon the Detroit and Lalsing Plank Road.
		The increase of number of Families in the City, for the year ending July 1st, 1855, was as fol lows:In the lower or western district, comprising 1st, 2d, 5th and 8th Wards, as follows:First Ward,.....................
	mlloyd.org /gen/macomb/text/scd.html (15183 words)

	Luso Pages Web Site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Rail journeys in and around Lisbon are described and fully illustrated and the Fertagus cross-Tagus rail service and Oeiras monorail are also covered.
		As well as being a picturesque town, set in a hilly landscape, it offers the transport enthusiast plenty of interest, not least the Sintra electric tramway which has recently been re-opened back into the town centre at Estefânia.
		Individual pages on Oporto Transport are in the course of update during summer 2005.
	www.luso.u-net.com (618 words)

	Birth of Railways in Eastern India
		He could see the great potential of the rail transport in Bengal as a commercial venture since the province was rich in agriculture and mineral resources.
		He was the first person to have introduced the idea of rail roads in India and vigorously advocated the construction East Indian Lines from Howrah to Delhi via Mirzapore.
		In second half of 1855 the revenue from coaching traffic was £ 25,000, from goods traffic £ 6, 385 and from coal £ 7,856 and working expenses amounted to 42% of the gross traffic receipt.
	railindia.tripod.com /history_er.html (1232 words)

	A history of St. Louis
		A new method of land transport, which later sounded the death knell of the steamboat, began to influence St. Louis in the 1850's.
		Soon after the start of the Pacific line, the Iron Mountain Railroad was constructed southwardly from St. Louis to tap the rich mining sections of southern Missouri, and the North Missouri Railroad (later the Wabash) was built to the north and west.
		In the field of inter-city transportation, the period since the end of World War II has seen the decline of rail passenger traffic and a consequent upsurge in the rise of air and bus lines.
	www.museum.state.il.us /RiverWeb/landings/Ambot/Archives/History69 (11768 words)

	MULLOGH - The New Zealand Maritime Record - NZNMM
		In her time she was used as a sailing ship tender, a tug, a coastal trader and to transport passengers and cargo from the port of Lyttelton over the treacherous Sumner bar to the wharves on the Heathcote River.
		Ending her long working life as a fishing boat, her 146 year old hulk can still be seen at the ship's graveyard on the West side of Quail Island in Lyttelton Harbour.
		After six years of experimentation, the modern propeller had been patented by Robert Griffiths in 1855, thus almost certainly making the Mullogh the earliest surviving vessel of her kind.
	www.nzmaritime.co.nz /mullogh.htm (2345 words)

	Railway crossings first test of public access laws - [Sunday Herald]
		NETWORK Rail’s fiercely disputed plans to close hundreds of rail crossings used by walkers across Scotland is to become the first test of the nation’s historic new law giving the public rights of access to land.
		Many communities across the country are furious because the rail company wants to bar access to crossings that have been in regular use for years.
		According to the Department of Transport in London, Darling has made it clear that he would like to see the opening up of “all possible” level crossings, as long as they are agreed by the Health and Safety Executive.
	www.sundayherald.com /47679 (1002 words)

	48/ft, OSN - Weird Rail News
		He threw his arm over the third rail when he attempted to get up and his clothing being wet the third rail caused his death.
		The verdict of the jury was that Henry Montague came to his death by coming in contact with the third rail while trespassing on the right-of-way of that company.
		The iron rails which touch and cross each other in every direction, serve as conductors and equalizers of the electrical currents, and so prevent the terrible explosions which used to terrify us in former years.
	users.foxvalley.net /~osn/WeirdRailNews.htm (8470 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Scotland \| Cross words over closure proposal
		But Network Rail said it was too dangerous because there was little time to cross once a train appeared.
		Network Rail said there was an alternative bridge, but residents said the other crossing involved a long detour.
		However, Network Rail director Ron McAulay said: "The issue of the crossing is that the trains when they come round at up to 60mph are upon the crossing quicker than the time you've got to allow to get across it.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/scotland/4727361.stm (404 words)

	1855
		It was a survey of land occupation to determine the amount of tax a landowner or..
		...Missouri Town 1855 is located on the east side of Lake Jacomo in Fleming Park near Blue.....Missouri Town 1855 is composed of over 25 buildings dating from 1820-1860.
		14 Jan 1855 Thomas of Patrick Walsh and Anna.....13 May 1855 John of John Hynes and Anna Coory..
	www.plexxa.com /s/1855 (161 words)

	Government Documents Library
		Years after unused rails have been pulled out, historical markers have sprung up, detailing a town's rise and fall (and the railroad) or great land surveys (for railroads).
		The decline of the railroad as a primary mode of transportation began with the rise of the auto industry, most notably, an increased use of trucks to transport perishable goods.
		While rail use is down, it is still a primary mode of transportation for bulk freight today, though the trucking industry continues to make inroads.
	www.library.uiuc.edu /doc/exhibits/railroad.htm (558 words)

	Railroad Collections
		Milwaukee Manuscript Collection BP Collection includes the papers of Albert Earling, president of the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railway Company; his daughter, Harriet Earling Dake; and Lawrence Fitch, Mrs.
		The TMERandT sold its property to the Milwaukee Suburban Transport Corporation in 1952, and went out of existence in 1963.
		Includes records of organizations of which Mowry was an officer: the Citizens Civic Council of Milwaukee County and the Property Owners and Renters Association of Milwaukee concerning such items as electric railroads, coal supply, and a water filtration plant; and a 1922 letter from the Federal Trade Commission concerning food and coal prices.
	www.uwm.edu /Library/arch/rail.htm (1396 words)

	Rail Museums
		he National Rail Museum, N Delhi (NRM) was founded in 1977 and was initially called the Rail Transport Museum.
		In the last few years the NRM has not only helped in preserving steam locomotives and rolling stock but also revived old steam locos that run today.
		The best example is the Fairy Queen which was manufactured by Kitson, Thompson & Hewittson, Leeds in 1855 for the erstwhile East Indian Railway.
	indiasteam.tripod.com /museums.htm (196 words)

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