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Topic: 1863 in rail transport

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	Railroad
		Though the rail system was extremely slow at first and prohibitively expensive to build and run, the British were not to be dissuaded in their pursuit of non-animal driven transportation.
		The most advanced mode of transportation prior to the introduction of the rail system was the horse drawn omnibus on a track, called a tram.
		Some rails were still made of wood, others iron and the first trains traveled at the pace of 3.5 miles per hour, significantly slower than the horse drawn coach which traveled at a speed of 9-10 miles per hour.
	www.gober.net /victorian/reports/railroad.html (1783 words)

	1863 in rail transport - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in 1863.
		January 8 - Ground is broken by the Central Pacific Railroad in Sacramento, California, on the western half of the First Transcontinental Railroad in North America.
		October 5 - The Brooklyn, Bath and Coney Island Rail Road starts operations in Brooklyn, New York; this is now the oldest right-of-way on the New York City Subway, the largest rapid transit system in the United States and one of the largest in the world.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1863_in_rail_transport (321 words)

	Transport - Papua New Guinea - Australia railways 19th Century & 1914 on ...
		The object to the line being to facilitate the transport of ore and commercial products from the several mines and plantations in the vicinity and it is hoped that it will also be the means of further opening of the more outlying and remoter districts of Sogeri and Brown River.
		In 1917, rail was purchased for a railway on the wharf.
		Mail was unloaded from steamers and railed direct to the post office, where it was unloaded under the shelter of the verandah.
	www.pngbuai.com /300socialsciences/transport/railaust19c1.html (3934 words)

	National Railway Historical Society - NRHS -
		From the start the South was disadvanted with its rail network: gaps in the lines within and between states were numerous; tracks of differing gauge (five feet was the dominant gauge) caused problems in transferring passengers and cargo between rail lines.
		There was a dearth of ties, rails, and fuel, while even the scant sources iron were quickly exhausted.
		Some of the fiercest fighting of the war was concentrated around the chief rail centers of the South: Richmond, Va (the Confederate capital), Atlanta, Ga. and Chatanooga, Tenn. Two of the mose massive movements of troops by rail were accomplished during the Chagtanooga Campaign of the fall of 1863.
	www.nrhs.com /spot/civilwar (1358 words)

	HVCEO - HISTORY OF RAIL LINES IN THE HOUSATONIC VALLEY, CT REGION
		In 1835 a rail charter was granted by the Connecticut Legislature to an enterprise known as the "Fairfield County Railroad." The charter was established only to build a railroad between Danbury and Long Island Sound.
		Raising the necessary construction funds, $230,000, proved difficult for the size of the population the rail line was to serve.
		In October of 1970, the Connecticut Department of Transportation (Conn DOT) and the Metropolitan Transportation Authority of New York (MTA) entered into an agreement effective 1/1/1971 to oversee the operation of the New Haven Line by Penn Central and to jointly fund the operating deficit.
	www.hvceo.org /transport/railhistory.php (3383 words)

	BBC News \| TALKING POINT \| Is UK transport the worst in Europe?
		I never fail to be impressed by Berlin's public transport, the punctuality, the cleanliness, the lack of rush-hour cramming that I'm used to on the tube in London.
		Transport (buses, rail and roads) should be in public hands as the private sector have shown themselves to be useless at running public services time and time again.
		Transport in the UK is very poor indeed however it's not all as bad as is stated.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/talking_point/1675384.stm (8232 words)

	Slate Transport (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Padarn tramway for Dinorwig Quarry was completed in 1843, and the railways to Porth Penrhyn and Y Felinheli were completed by 1852. Of course, with the extension of the national rail network the tonnage of slates carried on the railways increased greatly.
		Before the construction of the tramway at Dinorwig, boats were used on Llyn Padarn to carry slate since at least the middle of the eighteenth century.
		However, with the subsequent decline of the rail industry slate loads are today carried by road.
	www.llechicymru.info /ITransport.english.htm (460 words)

	1863 - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		1863 is a common year starting on Thursday.
		September 8 - American Civil War: Second Battle of Sabine Pass - On the Texas-Louisiana border at the mouth of the Sabine River, a small Confederate force thwarts a Union invasion of Texas.
		You can find it there under the keyword 1863 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1863)The list of previous authors is available here: version history (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1863andaction=history).
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/1863 (1589 words)

	Springfield's Civil War Forts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Construction of rails to connect St.Louis and Springfield had begun in the late 1850s, but the outbreak of the Civil War and the turmoil within Missouri put a halt to that.
		Even without a rail connection, Springfield was an important military depot and the city had hospitals and was a good place to get supplies.
		The year 1863 opened on Greene county with the stars and stripes waving fair and free over all her soil, and with the Federal troops in undisputed possession of all the military stations, and no vexatious "rebels" near to molest them or make them afraid.
	www.atlascomm.net /ecdavis/springfield.htm (13357 words)

	Halifax County, Virginia, History
		Though the transport of hospital patients and prisoners added to the R&D railroad's use, they were a minor part of the large increase in traffic volume promulgated by the war.
		Virginia's transportation networks were one of the main Union targets during the war, and by 1865 were in ruins.
		In 1863, tobacco was taxed at 10.96 cents per pound; this amount rose to 22.08 cents by 1865, and 34.77 cents by 1866.
	www.oldhalifax.com /county/historicalMonograph.htm (11972 words)

	[No title]
		The general statements of the whole are that the Federal and State authorities are arming the disloyal and disarming the loyal, and that the latter will all be killed or driven out of the State unless there shall be a change.
		You will have the transport furnished with suitable supplies for that purpose, and detail an officer of the Quartermaster's Department, who, under special instructions to be given, shall have charge of the business.
		There is no conflict between the oath of amnesty in my proclamation of eighth December, 1863, and that prescribed by Governor Johnson in his proclamation of the twenty-sixth ultimo.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/2/6/5/2659/2659.txt (16738 words)

	Three Soldiers of Valor: 1863 (Part III) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		On August 7, 1863, the Corps was transferred to the Department of the Gulf.
		In August of 1863, General Rosecrans brought his 80,000 man Army of the Cumberland to the Tennessee River in an attempt to capture the city of Chattanooga, Tennessee.
		As the year 1863 drew to a close, Samuel Kirkman was on the sandy shore of Texas and Job Benjamin was at winter camp at Paint Rock, Alabama.
	77illinois.homestead.com /files/valor/v1863c.html (6283 words)

	[No title]
		In March, 1863, the company and Captain Whitford were especially mentioned in dispatches by General Pettigrew, noting their efficient and gallant service against crushing odds.
		In April, 1863, the company was divided into two companies and officially designated a battalion, at which time Captain Whitford was promoted to Major in command.
		It appears that Co. E was organized for the purpose of being added to the Battalion, as it appears to have joined the Battalion in July or August, 1863.
	www.angelfire.com /nc/twsj/history67thncinf.html (4154 words)

	Pacific Railroad Act - Transcontiental Railroad and Land Grants
		AN ACT to aid in the construction of a railroad and telegraph line from the Missouri river to the Pacific ocean, and to secure to the government the use of the same for postal, military, and other purposes.
		AN ACT to amend an act entitled "An act to aid in the construction of a railroad and telegraph line from the Missouri river to the Pacific ocean, and to secure to the government the use of the same for postal, military, and other purposes," approved July 1, 1862.
		Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the gauge of the Pacific railroad and its branches throughout their whole extent, from the Pacific coast to the Missouri river, shall be, and hereby is, established at four feet eight and one-half inches.
	cprr.org /Museum/Pacific_Railroad_Acts.html (7266 words)

	Dates in Canadian Railway History
		This is the longest rail tunnel in the Americas.
		Lawrence and Hudson Railway is formed by merging the CP Rail routes in southern Ontario and Quebec with its Delaware and Hudson subsidiary in northern USA.
		The line is managed by Orangeville and Brampton Rail Association Group and Cando Contracting operates the line with running rights to an interchange with CPR at Streetsville.
	www.railways.incanada.net /candate/candate.htm (10460 words)

	Rail and Freemasonry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		When rail was proposed to link Wellington with the north there were two schools of thought as to the most suitable route (a) via Hutt Valley (b) via the West Coast through Johnsonville and Paekakariki.
		He saw adequate tram transport was provided to enable city brethren to attend meetings with regularity and not use the excuse of having no transport.
		Life and interest centred on the gold mine, with poor transport one of the most important employees of the mines were the engine drivers.
	www.mastermason.com /railcraft/RandFM.htm (6930 words)

	This Week in the Civil War June 28,1863
		This army is now ripe for mutiny, unless it can be fed." Pemberton, feeling that "the time had arrived when it was necessary either to evacuate the city and cut my way out or to capitulate," sends a circular to his generals asking if the troops are strong enough to march and fight.
		In May 1863, he was promoted to brigadier-general and on July 2 his brigade was rushed to join the defenses on Little Round Top.
		When the Cavalry Corps was organized in the spring of 1863, Farnsworth was appointed an aide to its commander, Alfred Pleasonton.
	www.civilweek.com /1863/jun2863.htm (8856 words)

	NIRS comments on the U.S. Department of Energy - NIRS
		Such “intermodal” transport would involve multiple handling steps loading, unloading, transfering, and activities between transport lines which DOE in its own FEIS admitted lead to worse impacts and dangers to the environment, worker and general public health and safety.
		It is truly frightening that this proposed rail line hugs the border of the Nellis Air Force bombing range for hundreds of miles.
		Such treaties with sovereign Native American tribes are the highest law of the land, equal in stature to the U.S. Constitution itself, and DOE should not violate the Treaty of Ruby Valley by building this proposed railway, or by building the Yucca Mountain dump.
	www.nirs.org /radwaste/hlwtransport/comntsondoetodeis060104.htm (1553 words)

	Moving West; Rail development in late 19th century (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In 1863 ground was broken in Omaha, Nebraska and in Sacramento, California, for a railroad to cross the Great Plains and western mountains.
		Until 1916 rail lines continued to grow, and by the 1920s the country was saturated.
		In the twentieth century rail roads began to move people less and freight more.
	riverweb.cet.uiuc.edu /SOCIETY/SOC14.htm (180 words)

	Records of Events
		March 23.- Engaged the enemy and assisted in their rout and defeat and the capture of two guns and four caissons; thence fol- lowed the enemy to Strasburg, Virginia, eighteen miles.
		Was sent by rail to Alexandria and thence on transport to east New York.
		June 30.- The command [was] on board the steamer Columbia, bound for the Army of the Potomac.
	members.evansville.net /tlconner/res.htm (1521 words)

	Growth of London's Transport
		When this line, the pioneer urban underground system, was opened in the beginning of 1863, the initial section between Paddington (Bishop's Road) and Farringdon Street (now Farringdon and High Holborn) was at first worked by the Great Western Railway, since the "Met" had not yet taken possession of any locomotives or coaches.
		Since 1863 it had operated a through suburban service over the Metropolitan, by means of a connecting line, at King's Cross.
		The pioneer tram line between the Marble Arch and Notting Hill Gate, which was opened in 1861 with so much pomp and ceremony and feasting, was taken up very soon afterwards, partly because the projecting rail flanges were found to be a source of inconvenience to other road users.
	mikes.railhistory.railfan.net /r054.html (3157 words)

	Transport for London (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Items forming this vast collection chart the development of Transport for London from its origins as the operator of the world’s first underground railway to its present day role as the capital’s integrated transport system.
		TfL is responsible for ensuring that its records of historical importance are identified and preserved within suitable accommodation as required by the Transport and Greater London Acts and subsequent amendments.
		The Museum is the repository of a statutory collection of vehicles and other objects related to the history of London Transport, its predecessors and successors.
	www.tfl.gov.uk /tfl/foi/archives.shtml (1063 words)

	Albany Area Railroads -- History & Context, Mohawk & Hudson Chapter, National Railway Historical Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		While the Mohawk River was also a transportation conduit, it was not until the Erie Canal was constructed under Governor DeWitt Clinton in the 1820's that transportation to and from the west of the Capital District progressed substantially.
		To overcome these obstacles and to facilitate water transportation, canals were built paralleling the rivers and using them as a source of their water supply, eg.
		On the open or private right of way there was exposed third rail running along the track on the outside of one of the running rails and elevated a little in distance from the ground so the third rail shoes of the electric cars and locomotives could slide along it.
	www.crisny.org /not-for-profit/railroad/capdist.htm (6312 words)

	American Experience \| Ulysses S. Grant \| People & Events \| Grant's Greatest Battles
		In early 1863, Grant tried to hack a channel through the swamps north of Vicksburg.
		On the night of April 16, 1863, Grant sent a fleet of gunboats and supply barges down the river in an attempt to push past the Confederate guns.
		At Chattanooga, Tennessee, in September 1863, it was Union troops who were in danger of being starved out.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/grant/peopleevents/e_general.html (1428 words)

	This Week in the Civil War October 11, 1863
		For 30 miles either way rails were torn up, ties burned, bridges destroyed, wire carried off, and cattle-stops and water-tanks obliterated.
		At Bristoe Station we was slightly wounded in the left thigh by a shell fragment while leading his men.
		Another is the security of the passes in the Georgia mountains to shut out the enemy from Tennessee and Kentucky.
	www.civilweek.com /1863/oct1163.htm (5732 words)

	Commonwealth of Kentucky Web Server
		The Battle of Tebbs Bend was of strategic significance since it was fought for control of the Lebanon- Campbellsville-Columbia Turnpike, over which thousands of Federal troops traveled south.
		This road was crucial to the Federal supply route as rail lined ended at Lebanon some 20 miles north.
		The Union army utilized the turnpike to transport men and material to south central Kentucky.
	www.state.ky.us /agencies/khc/tebbs.htm (662 words)

	Chapter 11: American Military History, Volume I
		The course of the war in the east in 1863 was dramatic and in many ways decisive.
		The rail network was rickety, and Longstreet’s soldiers quipped that such poor rolling stock had never been intended to carry such good soldiers.
		The mountainous defense line that the Confederates had hoped to hold had been pierced; the rail center of Chattanooga was permanently in Union hands; and the rich, food- producing eastern Tennessee section was lost to the Confederacy.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/AMH-V1/ch11.htm (11537 words)

	Railroad Collections
		Milwaukee Manuscript Collection BP Collection includes the papers of Albert Earling, president of the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railway Company; his daughter, Harriet Earling Dake; and Lawrence Fitch, Mrs.
		The TMERandT sold its property to the Milwaukee Suburban Transport Corporation in 1952, and went out of existence in 1963.
		Includes records of organizations of which Mowry was an officer: the Citizens Civic Council of Milwaukee County and the Property Owners and Renters Association of Milwaukee concerning such items as electric railroads, coal supply, and a water filtration plant; and a 1922 letter from the Federal Trade Commission concerning food and coal prices.
	www.uwm.edu /Library/arch/rail.htm (1396 words)

	World Metro List - Metro Bits - mic-ro.co(s)m (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		One reason is that definitions of what a metro is may vary according to who you ask (a popular definition is here).
		Differences between heavy rail, metros and trams began fading in the past few decades as more metros now include stretches shared with roads or heavy rail.
		In other cases, metros have gradually evolved from tram or rail lines, so it is often difficult to tell the actual length or date of inauguration of a metro.
	mic-ro.com /metro/metrolist.html (168 words)

	Nutshell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		As 1863 began, the rival armies fought at Stones River, forcing the Confederates to retreat south toward Chattanooga.
		In an amazing transportation feat, Confederate troops traveled by rail from Virginia (via an indirect 1000 mile route), while others marched from Mississippi.
		This remarkable transportation feat proved that (under strong centralized control) railroads could project substantial military force across great distances in a short time.
	www.mtsu.edu /~cwtech/railroad/nutshell.html (569 words)

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