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Topic: 1867 Canadian incumbents

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Reform Act of 1867

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1867 Canadian election

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	Canadian Senate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is inherited from the British Houses of Parliament, where the Lords chamber is a lavish room with red benches, whereas the Commons chamber is a sparsely-decorated room with green benches.
		The Canadian Parliament was based on the Westminster model (that is, the model of the Parliament of the United Kingdom).
		Many Western Canadians then called for a "Triple-E Senate," standing for "elected, equal, and effective." They believed that allowing equal representation of the provinces would protect the interests of the smaller provinces, and would end the domination of Ontario and Quebec.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Senate_of_Canada (4622 words)

	Supreme Court of Canada - Decisions - The Queen v. Beauregard
		Canadian judges are Canadian citizens and must bear their fair share of the financial burden of administering the country.
		He said that the effect of this provision was to reduce the salaries of incumbent judges and that this was unconstitutional for two reasons: first, because it intruded into provincial jurisdiction under s.
		As a general observation, Canadian judges are Canadian citizens and must bear their fair share of the financial burden of administering the country.
	scc.lexum.umontreal.ca /en/1986/1986rcs2-56/1986rcs2-56.html (8167 words)

	New Democratic Party - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In the Canadian House of Commons, it represents a moderate to left-wing position in the Canadian political spectrum.
		This put them at odds with Canadian Auto Workers which had supported a NDP-backed Liberal minority government and which was only backing NDP candidates that had a chance of winning.
		Unlike most other Canadian parties, the NDP is integrated with its provincial and territorial parties, such that a member of a provincial or territorial NDP is automatically a member of the federal NDP.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/New_Democratic_Party_of_Canada (3207 words)

	Canadian Federal Election, 2006 Encyclopedia Articles @ Karrnet.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In accordance with Canadian constitutional practice, she consented (such a request has only been turned down once in Canadian history), officially beginning an election campaign that had been simmering for months.
		Many of the candidates were also the same: fewer incumbents chose to leave than if they had served a full term, and the parties have generally blocked challenges to sitting MPs for the duration of the minority government, although there had been some exceptions.
		An on-going issue in Canadian politics is the imbalance between the genders in selection by political parties of candidates.
	www.karrnet.com /encyclopedia/Canadian_federal_election,_2006 (2620 words)

	The Canadian Electoral System (BP-437E)
		The Canadian electoral system has many positive attributes, and is often used as a model by other countries; yet, there are numerous areas where reform and changes have been urged.
		The minimum age at which Canadians may vote is 18 years, a qualification possessed by anyone who becomes 18 on or before the day on which the election is held.
		Each of the 301 Members of the Canadian House of Commons – including the Prime Minister and cabinet ministers, the Leader of the Opposition, and the Speaker – is elected to represent a particular constituency.
	dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca /Collection-R/LoPBdP/BP/bp437-e.htm (8357 words)

	History of the Great Lakes, Vol. 2 by J.B. Mansfield, Captains, Shipping, Lighthouse Keepers and Marine Biographies, ...
		In the spring of 1867 he was appointed chief engineer of the side-wheel steamer Cayuga, which berth he held two seasons, and in 1869 he was on the side-wheel passenger steamer Ajax.
		In the spring of 1867 he was transferred to the propeller City of Toledo, and ran her two seasons.
		FREDERICK POTTS Frederick Potts is a Canadian by birth, and a son of Walter and Eliza Potts.
	linkstothepast.com /marine/captainsP.html (21153 words)

	Bicameralism oddd.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Growing awareness of the complexity of the notion of representation and the multifunctional nature of modern legislatures may be affording incipient new rationales for second chambers, though these do generally remain contested institutions in ways that first chambers are not.
		(Incumbents, those appointed prior to the change, could continue to sit past age 75.) Moreover, a senator's seat automatically becomes vacant if he or she fails to attend the Senate for two consecutive parliamentary sessions.
		In 1927, five Canadian women ("The Valiant Five") requested the Supreme Court of Canada to determine if females were eligible to become senators.
	oddd.org /en/Bicameralism (13290 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Irish (In Countries Other Than Ireland)
		In an official statement presented in 1890 to the Canadian House of Parliament, the opinion was expressed that over one-half of the immigrants arriving in Canada ultimately removed to the United States.
		In such parishes the Protestant incumbent should have all the tithes, but the Catholics might have use of the church.
		In places were Catholics were in a majority, a parish priest might be appointed, but the tithes of the Protestants should be held in reserve for the support of the Protestant clergy.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08132b.htm (15966 words)

	Native American Documents Project
		By the treaty of February 23, 1867, a limited provision is made for furnishing these confederated bands with a flsmith, and iron and steel, at an annual expense to the Government of $1,123.29.
		By the treaty of 1867, made with these Indians, a large reservation was provided for them bounded on the north by Kansas, on the east by the Arkansas River, and on the south and west by the Red Fork of the Arkansas.
		Until 1867 both these tribes, in common with the Kiowas alld Comanches, were engaged in hostilities against the white settlers in Western Kansas, but since the treaty made with them in that year they have, with the exception of one small band of the Cheyennes, remained friendly, and have committed no depredations.
	www.csusm.edu /nadp/r872001b.htm (10263 words)

	Canadian federal election, 2006 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The 2006 Canadian federal election (more formally, the 39th General Election) was held on January 23, 2006, to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons.
		It is the fifth time a Canadian government has lost the confidence of Parliament, but the first time this has happened on a straight motion of no confidence.
		Many of the candidates will also be the same: fewer incumbents chose to leave than if they had served a full term, and the parties have generally blocked challenges to sitting MPs for the duration of the minority government, although there have been some exceptions.
	www.educhy.com /index.php/Canadian_federal_election,_2006 (3075 words)

	Fraser Institute Archived Information
		Incumbents may be reelected more often than challengers simply because they are better at their jobs and voters are happy with things as they are.
		Incumbents will like limits even if they can raise twice as much but challenger spending is only twice as potent; vote margins will not be affected but incumbents will spend less.
		The value of government resources used by incumbents is difficult to estimate, but Welch (1981) surmised for Congress that in two years an incumbent spends several hundred thousand dollars in public funds for his office staff and franked mailings and that some, if not all, of these expenditures are directed to his reelection.
	oldfraser.lexi.net /publications/books/regulation (20839 words)

	Statistics Canada: Historical Statistics of Canada
		Representation in the Canadian House of Commons is based on the single-member constituency system (with two exceptions, each having two members) adapted to recognize the federal principle.
		From 1867 to 1892 immigration was handled by the Department of Agriculture and from 1892 to 1917 by the Department of the Interior.
		The Canadian government's power to admit certain colonies as provinces was recognized in the BNA Act of 1867, and enlarged to include the creation of new provinces out of territories in 1871.
	www.statcan.ca /english/freepub/11-516-XIE/sectiony/sectiony.htm (8969 words)

	Canadian federal election, 2004 Biography,info
		The Canadian federal election, 2004 (more formally, the 38th General Election), was held on June 28, 2004 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons.
		Voter turnout nationwide was 60.9%, the lowest ever in Canadian history [1], with 13,683,570 out of 22,466,621 registered voters casting their ballots.
		This fear prompted those two parties to form a united Conservative Party of Canada, which was approved by the members of the Canadian Alliance on December 5, 2003 and controversially by the delegates of the Progressive Conservatives on December 6, 2003.
	www.danceage.com /biography/sdmc_Canadian_federal_election,_2004 (2552 words)

	Center for Voting and Democracy
		Limited voting was also used in 12 three-member districts and one for-member district in the British Parliament between 1867 and 1885 (when the three-member districts were abolished); in each case, the voter could cast one vote less than the number of seats.
		Thus, in these [barrio] districts, incumbents have few electoral incentives to mobilize new voters; moreover, they are not indebted to their party for their office, and they have no reason to seek party support to win re-election.
		Indeed, districting battles are often pitched between incumbents fighting to retain their seats, without regard to issues of voter representation.
	www.fairvote.org /vra/stillrichie.htm (5843 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Canadians basically elected a signal leader to both represent them locally with in Canadaâs empire and as Canada as a whole.
		Belive me the Canadians who dont like USA are just idiots to the word who are talking out their asses.
		In fact, the overwhelming discrepancy between American and Canadian POV's on this forum in general is that while Canadians typically criticize specific aspects of the USA, Americans tear Canada to shreds on principle and by virtue of its failure to mimic the USA in all ways.
	www.perspectives.com /forums/forum71/28757-16.html (7749 words)

	STATE IN FOCUS: CANADA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Several US invasions of Canadian territory were repulsed, often with heavy American losses while the British even took the daring step of sacking Washington and burning the White House, in retaliation for the American sacking of the then Canadian capital of York, later on to be known as Toronto.
		The next Canadian Prime Minister of significance was the Sir Wilfred Laurier, a member of the Liberal Party who finally ousted the Conservatives from dominance in 1896, going on to serve in office as the country’s first French Canadian PM until finally being ousted in 1911.
		Therefore it came as no surprise when the Canadian government, cited this experience as the justification for embarking on efforts towards complete independence from Britain, who owing to the priceless sacrifice its dominions had made on its behalf, was in a weak position to argue against such demands.
	www.geocities.com /alan_goudman/Canada.htm (10145 words)

	Dictionary of Canadian Biography
		To stay in power he needed French Canadian support but that necessity in turn involved support for policies that were a political liability in his own section of the province.
		The fisheries settlement offended most areas: Canadian fish would be admitted free to the American market, but access to the inshore fisheries was to be sold to the Americans for 10 years at a price to be set down by arbitrators.
		In the end, by waiting until May 1872, when Canadian public opinion had cooled down and the British had offered a guarantee for Canadian railways as compensation for the Fenian raids, Macdonald was able to get the treaty through the commons by 121 votes to 55.
	www.biographi.ca /EN/ShowBioPrintable.asp?BioId=40370 (17674 words)

	Canada has gone conservative....imagine that! - RC Groups
		OTTAWA (Reuters) - Canadians elected their first Conservative government in 12 years, but gave it only a limited minority mandate to change policies and priorities.
		There are no other parties in parliament that the Conservatives could ally with to push their more "conservative" policies through the House of Commons (both the NDP and, to a lesser extent, the Bloc, are too far left to support the Conservatives on most issues).
		It might mean slightly warmer relations with the US for a few months though, because Steven Harper, the new Canadian PM, expressed quite a bit of support for the invasion of Iraq and, although he tries to hide it, he's sort of a closet Christian-values Guy, which might make you Americans happier.
	www.rcgroups.com /forums/showthread.php?t=469373 (2271 words)

	FORCES -Québec: city, capital, confluence
		Quebec City, soon to mark its four hundredth anniversary, is the oldest Canadian city settled by Europeans and among the oldest cities in North America.
		The provincial parliament, which sat in Quebec City in December 1867, had two chambers–the Legislative Assembly (which became the National Assembly in 1968) comprised of elected members and the Legislative Council (abolished in 1968), whose members were appointed for life.
		The Canada of 1867 was still only "a portion of the British empire." It gradually gained autonomy and singly signed its first international treaty in 1923.
	www.copa.qc.ca /forces/anglais/article3.html (2866 words)

	CANWIN - The Canadian Women's Issues Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In the poll, 22 per cent of Canadian women support the Alliance compared with 48 per cent who support the Liberals.
		And as minuscule as that proportion may be now, there is a real chance that it will shrink as a result of the next election.
		After the Court ruled that the term did not include female persons, the petitioners requested that an appeal be sent to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in England.
	plato.acadiau.ca /dagora/courses/pols1006/canwin/quote.html (738 words)

	Learn more about Lists of incumbents in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Learn more about Lists of incumbents in the online encyclopedia.
		Current incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "Politics of"), recent changes on 2003 in politics, and past leaders on 1957 (the first year-page to include them), lists of people associated with the American Civil War, World War I, World War II.
		http://www.friesian.com/philhist.htm - lists of incumbents including historical analysis of their eras.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /l/li/lists_of_incumbents.html (538 words)

	Senators and Members - House of Commons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Family Relations in the Canadian Houses of Parliament
		Incumbents Who Sought Re-Election in the Following General Election
		Incumbents Who Did Not Seek Re-Election in the Following General Election
	www.parl.gc.ca /common/SenatorsMembers_house.asp?Language=E&parl=37&ses=1&Sect=hochist (142 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page : T/TI/TIM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Originally Timberjack was a Canadian operation focusing on whole tree logging, but it was aquired by a swedish-finish manufactorer that decided to use the "Timber..
		Timeline of Quebec history 1841 to 1866 1867 to 1899 1900 to 1930 This section of the Timeline of Quebec history concerns the events between the British North America Act and the end of the 19th century.
		Timeline of Quebec history 1867 to 1899 1900 to 1930 1931 to 1959 This section of the Timeline of Quebec history concerns the events between the beginning of the 20th century and the Westminster statute.
	www.wikien.info /browse.php?title=T/TI/TIM (9596 words)

	[No title]
		The Constitution Act, 1867 gives it most of the powers that the House of Commons has, but it very rarely introduces a bill, or votes against a bill.
		A real Canadian citizen, who is the only type that should have a franchise to vote, is a full citizen.
		To tell you the truth, Jim, people are not asked to prove Canadian citizenship when the enumerator comes around and they don't even have to prove how many voting age adults actually live at a given residence.
	westernstandard.blogs.com /shotgun/2006/03/an_elected_sena.html (4800 words)

	Articles - Canadian Senate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The chamber in which the Senate sits is sometimes called the ´´red chamber´´, due to the lavish decoration and design, and the red cloth that adorns the chamber (and notably, the Throne); it is a stark contrast to the green and more modest style of the House of Commons.
		The´Constitution Act, 1867 also sets property qualifications for senators.
		The original Canadian constitution did not explicitly bar women from sitting as senators.
	www.kimia-sains.com /articles/Canadian_Senate (4046 words)

	List of Canadian Prime Ministers:
		In Canada, the Prime Minster is the leader of the party that controls the most seats in the lower house of parliament.
		While there is a long standard tradition of considering John A. Macdonald Canada's first Prime Minister, since he was prime minister after Canadian Confederation, a number of modern scholars, foremost among them John Ralston Saul, argue that Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine is truly Canada's first Prime Minister.
		He and his joint premier Robert Baldwin were the first to govern the united Province of Canada as democratically elected leaders.
	winelib.com /wiki/List_of_Canadian_Prime_Ministers (444 words)

	Nine doctors seeking office in Canadian federal elections
		Nine physicians are seeking office in Canada’s June federal election, a list compiled by CMA (Canadian Medical Association) News indicates.
		The 9 candidates are a far cry from Canada's first election in 1867, when 17 physicians (including future Prime Minister Charles Tupper) were elected.
		Five of the 9 doctors running in 2004 are incumbents, and 3 of them have served in cabinet.
	www.medicalnewstoday.com /medicalnews.php?newsid=8914 (335 words)

	Carpendale Family (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Canadian Immigration records their arrival in Vancouver, British Columbia on 28 November 1927.
		Signed "B.C" and of the house in which she was living, we attribute this watercolour to her.
		Notes: Attestation papers (Ref 791198) upon entry to the Canadian Overseas Expeditionary Force on 5 October 1916 describes John as 5ft 8in tall, with a dark complexion, blue eyes and brown hair.
	www.home.earthlink.net /~chrisgosnell/geneal/carpendale1.html (8772 words)

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