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Topic: 1895 in rail transport

	Rail transport in India - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Rail transport is the most commonly used mode of long distance transportation in India.
		Rail operations throughout the country are run by the state-owned company, Indian Railways.
		It is one of the largest and busiest rail networks in the world, transporting over 5 billion passengers and over 350 million tonnes of freight annually.
	www.knowledgehunter.info /wiki/Rail_transport_in_India (3898 words)

	Railway system in india, Rail transport is the most commonly used mode of long distance transportation in India
		It is one of the largest and busiest rail networks in the world, transporting over 5 billion passengers and over 350 million tonnes of freight annually.[1] Its operations covers twenty-seven states and three Union territories and also links the neighbouring countries of Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan.
		The GIPR was one of the largest rail companies at that time.Soon various independent kingdoms began to have their own rail systems and the network spread to the regions that became the modern-day states of Assam, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh.
		The existing rail networks were abandoned in favour of zones in 1951 and a total of six zones came into being in 1952.
	www.nriol.com /returntoindia/indian-railways.asp (3387 words)

	1895 - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		1895 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar).
		January 5 - Dreyfus Affair: French officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his rank and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island.
		You can find it there under the keyword 1895 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1895)The list of previous authors is available here: version history (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1895andaction=history).
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/1895 (1205 words)

	Interurbans
		In the United States, it had long been the practice for rails to be laid in city streets, over which railway cars, both passenger and freight, were transferred from station to station and from station to shipper, drawn by line teams (two to four horses in tandem).
		Rails were light, perhaps 56 pounds per yard, and narrow gauge, say 3 feet, was quite common, since these railways were promoted at the height of the narrow-gauge fever.
		Rail joints were bonded with copper wire welded into plugs that were hammered into the rail web on each side of a joint.
	www.du.edu /~jcalvert/railway/trolley.htm (13488 words)

	[No title]
		In areas on the east and gulf coasts where the king rail is sympatric with clapper rails, some hybridization has been documented (22); Ripley considers the king rail to be a subspecies of the clapper rail and calls it R. longirostris elegans (24).
		The rails are omnivorous and opportunistic foragers, and have been observed eating insects, isopods, tadpoles (Hyla sp.), California killifish (Fundulus parvipinnis), crayfish (Pacifastacus sp.), garden snails (Helix sp.) (20), and dead mullet (Mugil cephalus).
		Rails from adjacent territories sometimes invade their neighbors' space; 3-5 birds have been seen foraging in the same territory without incident (19,34).
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /WWW/esis/lists/e101006.htm (5005 words)

	[No title]
		Flexible Urban Transportation is a sweeping reassessment of American highway and transit policy, which for the last half-century has been fixated on the Interstate highway system and its aftermath - its planning, design and construction, and the creative destruction it wrought.
		Transport provides the technological means to facilitate movement of passengers and goods, but it is also at the centre of the growing concern about environmental degradation in the form of air pollution, global warming, noise, and safety.
		The challenge is to manage the benefits of transportation better so that the broad set of environmental impacts are reduced to acceptable levels while ensuring acceptable outcomes in terms of economic performance and equity.
	www.elsevier.com /framework_products/NFP_csv/nfp-2003mar.csv (9718 words)

	HVCEO - HISTORY OF RAIL LINES IN THE HOUSATONIC VALLEY, CT REGION
		In 1835 a rail charter was granted by the Connecticut Legislature to an enterprise known as the "Fairfield County Railroad." The charter was established only to build a railroad between Danbury and Long Island Sound.
		From 1895, what became the Maybrook Line was under control of the New Haven and suffered the same series of financial difficulties through the early twentieth century.
		From 1895, what became the Maybrook Line was under control of the New Haven and suffered the same series of financial difficulties as the parent railroad until 1968 when the Penn Central acquired the assets of the New Haven.
	www.hvceo.org /transport/railhistory.php (3383 words)

	[No title]
		The court concluded that "intrastate transportation by a motor carrier, even if done in conjunction with a measure of intrastate rail transportation in the TOFC/COFC intermodal setting, is subject to regulation by the states" (id. at 7a).
		By using the broad term "transportation provided by a rail carrier" rather than, for example, "transport by rail," Congress made clear that it intended to refer to all transportation provided by rail carriers subject to the Commission's jurisdiction, not merely to rail transportation.
		Plan III (All-Rail): Ramp-to-ramp rates to private shippers and freight forwarders, based on a flat open-tariff charge, regardless of the contents of trailers or containers, which are usually owned or leased by freight forwarders or shippers.
	www.usdoj.gov /osg/briefs/1986/sg860454.txt (7253 words)

	Transport - German New Guinea - German Neuguinea railways 19th Century (1884 - 1914)
		To support planned expansion of tobacco planting on the right bank of the Jori River at Erima in 1895, rail tracks were laid along the main paths through the plantations, bringing the total length of the system to 16 km.
		Rails were also used at Asitavi sawmill and to build a copra drier at Tenakau.
		In 1888, it was reported that track and rails had been completed for conveying phosphate across the reef surrounding the island for loading onto ships.
	www.pngbuai.com /300socialsciences/transport/railgerman1a.html (5151 words)

	PHMC: Pennsylvania History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The judicial branch of government was also changed by the creation of the Superior Court in 1895 to relieve the mounting caseload of the Supreme Court.
		By 1895, the island of Cuba was in a state of revolution, its people desiring to break away from Spanish rule.
		By 1895, every school district was authorized to establish a high school.
	www.phmc.state.pa.us /bah/pahist/industry.asp?secid=31 (6371 words)

	[No title]
		In the past, the Guam rail was also observed in association with areas such as rural residential, golf courses, cropland (vegtables, melons, and fallow), pasture, and evergreen and mixed forests (09).
		In recent years, high densities of rails were often found in areas where the rail's territory consisted of an open area with adjacent forest or shrubs in which it could hide if threatened and in which it would build it's nest (09).
		Both sexes share in the construction of the shallow ground nest The typical clutch consists of 3-4 eggs in the wild (01,09) and 2-5 eggs in captivity (09,16) that are white to pinkish with small spots of pink or blue concentrated at the large ends (01).
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /WWW/esis/lists/e101035.htm (2063 words)

	Across Africa by Rail
		The Benguela Railway, which has made this new Atlantic all-rail route possible, is due to British enterprise and capital, used in co-operation with the Portuguese, and owes its existence to the foresight and perseverance of a Briton, Sir Robert Williams, one of the makers of modern Africa.
		OVER 3,000 MILES of sea and rail transport were avoided by the building of the Benguela Railway.
		Produce is now taken by rail from Katanga to Port Francqui, put aboard river steamers and taken down to Kasai River to Leopoldville, where it is again hauled by rail to Matadi and shipped direct to Europe.
	mikes.railhistory.railfan.net /r011.html (5624 words)

	The Railways of Canada Archives -- Sydney & Louisburg Railway (S&L: 1895 - 1968)
		The first mining done in Cape Breton was the excavation of exposed seams in the shear cliffs along the coastline of the island and loading coal directly onto boats.
		Construction began on a new railroad to Louisburg and upon its completion in 1895 the Sydney and Louisburg Railway was one of the most modern lines in Canada.
		Until the advent of regular air service to Newfoundland both ports were a terminus for rail and passenger traffic between Newfoundland and the rest of Canada.
	www.trainweb.org /canadianrailways/articles/SydneyAndLouisburgRailway.htm (1890 words)

	Albany Area Railroads -- History & Context, Mohawk & Hudson Chapter, National Railway Historical Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		While the Mohawk River was also a transportation conduit, it was not until the Erie Canal was constructed under Governor DeWitt Clinton in the 1820's that transportation to and from the west of the Capital District progressed substantially.
		To overcome these obstacles and to facilitate water transportation, canals were built paralleling the rivers and using them as a source of their water supply, eg.
		On the open or private right of way there was exposed third rail running along the track on the outside of one of the running rails and elevated a little in distance from the ground so the third rail shoes of the electric cars and locomotives could slide along it.
	www.crisny.org /not-for-profit/railroad/capdist.htm (6312 words)

	Sugar Cane Transport
		Efficient transport of chopped cane is essential to avoid losses of sugar content after harvesting and to maintain a uniform flow of cane through the mills.
		Although cane tramways were initially constructed by estates, it was the central mill which was to use the technology to the greatest extent, and thereby achieve the efficiency of cane transport to achieve the economies of scale possible from larger mill capacity.
		Small petrol-engined rail tractors were employed for light duties from the early 1920s and, after 1925, petrol-powered locomotives by Fowler and Hudswell Clarke appeared on mainline operations.
	www.lrrsa.org.au /LRR_SGRb.htm (6787 words)

	Ogden Rails, Rail-Served Industries
		The year 1945 was also the peak year for livestock-related rail traffic, with 20,000 cars of sheep, 19,000 cars of cattle, and 6,000 cars of hogs being either unloaded at Ogden, or loaded after sale, or re-loaded after the prescribed four-hour rest period.
		Between 1895 and 1940, before the widespread use of trucks, railroads were the most efficient way to transport Utah's sugar beets to the factories.
		Railroads, and the low-cost transportation they offered, were important to the canneries and each of these successful canning factories was located on a railroad spur, which allowed direct shipment of canned goods to market.
	utahrails.net /ogden/ogden-industry.php (6187 words)

	Historic Heritage: Themes: Transport - Rail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In 1870 the government decided that a national rail network was essential to the economic development of New Zealand and boldly set about building one to a master plan.
		The immensely popular 87 km Otago Central rail trail is an example of a closed Government line.
		At the other end of the spectrum is the 300m Woodstock gold mine tramway clinging to the face of a gorge at Karangahake.
	www.doc.govt.nz /Conservation/Historic/030~Topics/Transport-(Rail)/index.asp (275 words)

	Jefferson-Gorham Rail-trail
		Freedom Express can transport hikers, skiers, and bicylists between the end of the potential rail-trail in Littleton and the various potential rail-trail access points in Whitefield and Jefferson.
		Freedom Express provides local public transportation on a demand responsive basis within Coos County and thus serves all access points of the rail-trail.
		From the Ten Year Transportation Improvement Program 1999-2008 prepared by the NH Department of Transportation and submitted to the Legislature by the Governor in December of 1997.
	members.fortunecity.com /railtrails/NH/WG/WG-home.htm (852 words)

	MUSEUM.HU - Museum of Transport - Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Maps and photos help to give an overview of the development of transport, rail, roads, and the post.
		As the result of their struggle, they were able to open the Museum of Transport on 1, May, 1899.
		The permanent exhibition of the museum presents the documentations of transport on land, water, and bridge reconstructions.
	www.museum.hu /search/museum_en.asp?ID=43 (279 words)

	Railroad Collections
		Milwaukee Manuscript Collection BP Collection includes the papers of Albert Earling, president of the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railway Company; his daughter, Harriet Earling Dake; and Lawrence Fitch, Mrs.
		The TMERandT sold its property to the Milwaukee Suburban Transport Corporation in 1952, and went out of existence in 1963.
		Includes records of organizations of which Mowry was an officer: the Citizens Civic Council of Milwaukee County and the Property Owners and Renters Association of Milwaukee concerning such items as electric railroads, coal supply, and a water filtration plant; and a 1922 letter from the Federal Trade Commission concerning food and coal prices.
	www.uwm.edu /Library/arch/rail.htm (1396 words)

	I&M Rail Link v. Northstar Navigation (7th Cir. 2000) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		IandM Rail Link has filed a petition for rehearing en banc, asserting that our decision conflicts with Texas and P. Ry.
		According to IandM Rail Link, each of these cases stands for the proposition that the Coast Guard's finding under the Truman-Hobbs Bridge Act of 1940, 33 U.S.C. secs.
		511-23 that a bridge poses an "unreasonable hazard to navigation" must be ignored in admiralty litigation, and in particular that such a finding does not affect the rule of The Oregon, 158 U.S. (1895), that the moving vessel is presumptively at fault in any allision.
	www.admiraltylawguide.com /circt/7thimrail.html (434 words)

	TVG High Speed Train Travel, the French Rail Revolution
		If you are standing at a train station in France when the TGV hurtles by at 186 mph, you might experience an enormous intake of breath, a human whoosh to its electrical one, but even with your eyes wide open, you won’t see it.
		In 1865, the first steel rails were produced, followed by the automatic coupler, the air brake, and electric lights.
		I can’t quite imagine the whiz-bang of landscape and rails for the engineer inside the cab compartment of the power car, but for passengers, there is no visual distortion as long as you are facing in the direction of the journey and your sight lines are not obscured.
	www.theculturedtraveler.com /Archives/Nov2003/TGV.htm (2900 words)

	Peace Treaty of Versailles, Articles 321-386, Ports, Waterways and Railways
		All charges imposed on transport in transit shall be reasonable, having regard to the conditions of the traffic.
		In particular, the transport of perishable goods shall be promptly and regularly carried out, and the customs formalities shall be effected in such a way as to allow the goods to be carried straight through by trains which make connection.
		In case of transport partly by rail and partly by internal navigation, with or without through way-bill, the preceding Articles shall apply to the part of the journey performed by rail.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/versa/versa11.html (4777 words)

	Anglo Boer War Museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This was especially relevant regarding concessions governing rail transport and the manufacture of dynamite.
		Eventually this was to become a deep source of grievance between the Chamber of Mines and the government.
		Many of the mining executives realised that to enable deep-level gold production to prosper a much closer relationship between the industry and state had to be established and that this was only likely if a change of government could be realised.
	www.anglo-boer.co.za /causes.html (726 words)

	NS Railway Companies
		The only mention of this railway (that I know of) is a few words — "The iron mine was situated three miles south of this location and ore transported in trucks drawn by horses on a railway with rails of maple wood." — on a bronze plaque at Clementsport.
		NSL 1895 chapter 110 — Act to incorporate the Cape Breton Coal, Iron & Railway Co. Ltd.
		DOM 1895 chapter 47 — To incorporate the Dominion Atlantic Railway Co. Ltd.
	alts.net /ns1625/railways.html (9724 words)

	NJ Transport Heritage Center - Book List
		A panorama that transports the reader to a way of life lost to history as the canal people, on water and on land, weave tales enjoyable to all.
		Covers the rail car era on the Erie; infant gas cars; maturity; post depression era; pre to postwar; end of the line; nostalgic memories; preface, table of contents, forward, introduction, rosters, and biblio.
		A chronicle of the activities of the MandE RR from 1895 to the 1960's, the Morris County Central tourist RR, the present MandE Ry., the Whippany Ry.
	www.njthc.org /booklist42002.htm (8293 words)

	RAIL-MARINE
		Most major rail lines coming into the NY metropolitan area from the south and west, the PRR (Pennsy, Pennsylvania RR), Erie, LV (Lehigh Valley), Lackawanna, and the Jersey Central, itself, had rail-marine terminals on the Jersey side of the river.
		Two steam-tug-drawn floats were constructed, each holding 8 cars transversely, and they were served by triple-track aprons at the transfer landings, running from Alexandria down the Potomac 60 miles to Aquia Landing, about 10 miles northeast of Fredricksburg, Maryland.
		Either site is well worth "navigating", with their plethora of photos of European heavy rail, road, and marine operations.
	home.att.net /~Berliner-Ultrasonics/railmarn.html (2146 words)

	TRAINS on Railway Parcel Stamps and Railway Letter Stamps of the World
		From 1890 to 1925, New Zealand Rail issued special stamps for transport of newspapers by rail.
		They do not show a train, so are of little interest to me, but do have their place in a rail philately collection.
		New Zealand Express was renamed in 1895 from Campbell and Crust (founded 1877).
	alphabetilately.com /TOC/parcels-8.html (1627 words)

	Railroad Commission of Texas, Rail Division: An Inventory of Railroad History Files at the Texas State Archives, ...
		According to a Railroad Commission staff memo from 1982, the Rail Division staff was encouraged to create an archives of rail company records to preserve the history of the Commission's rail activities.
		Regulatory powers over rail safety were granted in 1985 when the 69th Legislature authorized the Commission to implement a rail safety program in conjunction with the Federal Railroad Administration Act of 1970 (Senate Bill 444, 69th Legislature, Regular Session).
		According to a RRC staff memo from 1982, the Rail Division staff was encouraged to create an archives of rail company records to preserve the history of the Commission's rail activities.
	www.lib.utexas.edu /taro/tslac/20086/20086-P.html (4348 words)

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