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1900 in architecture

	Technology Education - Architecture
		The characteristics that distinguish a work of architecture from other man-made structures are (1) the suitability of the work to use by human beings in general and the adaptability of it to particular human activities; (2) the stability and permanence of the work's construction; and (3) the communication of experience and ideas through its form.
		This section of the article is concerned with architectural typology, with the role of society in determining the kinds of architecture, and with planning--the role of the architect in adapting designs to particular uses and to the general physical needs of human beings.
		Architectural ornament in the 19th century exemplified the common tendency for mimetic ornament, in all times and places, to turn into mere applied decoration, lacking either symbolic meaning or reference to the structure on which it is placed.
	www.geocities.com /tech_ed_2000/industrial/design/architecture.htm (18551 words)

	Architecture
		Anglo-Saxon architecture Anglo-Saxon architecture was a period in the history of architecture in 1066.
		Architecture of Quebec The architecture of Quebec is characterized by the juxtaposition of the old and the new and a wid...
		Landscape architecture Landscape architecture is the management, preservation and rehabilitation of the land and the des...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/architecture.html (5848 words)

	Roman Art and Architecture - MSN Encarta
		Roman Art and Architecture, the art and architecture of ancient Rome and its empire, which at its height extended from the British Isles to the Caspian Sea.
		The end of Roman art and the beginning of medieval art is usually said to occur with the conversion of the emperor Constantine the Great to Christianity and the transfer of the capital of the empire from Rome to Constantinople (present-day İstanbul) in ad 330.
		Nevertheless, because of the extraordinary geographical extent of the Roman Empire and the number of diverse populations encompassed within its boundaries, the art and architecture of the Romans was always eclectic and is characterized by varying styles attributable to differing regional tastes and the diverse preferences of a wide range of patrons.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761556319/Roman_Art_and_Architecture.html (890 words)

	Modern Architecture - MSN Encarta
		Among notable early modern architectural projects are exuberant and richly decorated buildings in Glasgow, Scotland, by Charles Rennie Mackintosh; imaginative designs for a city of the future by Italian visionary Antonio Sant’Elia; and houses with flowing interior spaces and projecting roofs by the American pioneer of modernism, Frank Lloyd Wright.
		As the 20th century began they believed it was necessary to invent an architecture that expressed the spirit of a new age and would surpass the styles, materials, and technologies of earlier architecture.
		He attributed his new architectural concepts to educational building blocks he had played with as a child, to Japanese architecture, and to the prairie landscape on which many of his houses were built.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761595616/Modern_Architecture.html (1226 words)

	Architectural History: 1867-1914
		Between Confederation (1867) and the outbreak of World War I (1914), Canada's development from British colony to modern, largely urban, industrial and effectively self-governing nation was reflected in its architecture.
		By 1914 the West had been annexed and settled; Canada had expanded from a cluster of provinces hemmed in by the Atlantic seaboard and the Great Lakes to a country claiming sovereignty over the whole northern half of the continent.
		Foreign influence in architecture swung mainly from British to American; but, in architecture as in culture generally, Canadians sought "unique" forms to express the character of their youthful country.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0009252 (201 words)

	THE ARCHITECTURE OF HUMANISM – 1914 – GEOFFRY SCOTT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Scott’s view is that to analyse architecture in a way that does not intellectually distinguish between these factors and recognise their inherent contradictions is "pointless" as it does not afford the opportunity to compare different styles and approaches in a way that is commensurate and absolutely consistent.
		With a growing indifference to Victorian gothic styles and the picturesque, and architectural critics increasingly extolling the virtues of Renaissance architecture it is perhaps the case now that the same arguments are no longer as necessary as they were 87 years ago.
		The contradictions in architectural criticism are as rife as ever and as such it is still the case that no building is or ever will be "so great as to be beyond criticism nor so poor as to be beyond praise".
	www.bath.ac.uk /~ab0taj/archofhum.html (1143 words)

	1914
		1914 in music See also: 1913 in music, other events of 1914, 1915 in music and the list of 'years in music'.
		1914 in sports See also: 1913 in sports, other events of 1914, 1915 in sports and the list of 'years in sports'.
		Smith-Lever Act of 1914 The Smith Lever Act of 1914 was a piece of home economics, and related subjects.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/1914.html (385 words)

	Utah History Encyclopedia
		The study of domestic architecture in Utah can be divided into four periods: 1) 1847 to 1869; 2) 1869 to 1905; 3) 1905 to 1945; and 4) 1945 to the present.
		The early Mormon settlers brought from Nauvoo, Illinois, and elsewhere a tradition of domestic architecture based on the concepts of permanency and pragmatic functionalism.
		England's Edwardian architecture (1890-1914) did much to shape the direction of architecture in America during the first quarter of the twentieth century.
	www.media.utah.edu /UHE/a/Architecture.html (1759 words)

	VLN: S.F. Architecture 1914-1915
		By 1914, Polk was working on improvements in the neighborhood, such as the access ramp at the west end of the 1000 block Vallejo and to Russian Hill Place, which marked the passing of the hilltop's isolated bohemian years (Wiley 2000 : 258).
		The importance he [Maybeck] placed on architecture's emotional content is further revealed in the only lengthy essay he wrote about one of his own buildings, the Palace of Fine Arts.
		Architecture is life-poetry; the logic is not something to be caught by intellectual machinery however clever its cogs and shifts.
	www.verlang.com /sfbay0004ref_20thc_006.html (1939 words)

	Aristophanes: The Frogs (e-text) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		We consider the teaching of modern architecture on the individualization of materials, that is, the derivation of artistic form from the natural and physical qualities of the material to be materialistic and aimless, limiting the free creation of the architect to the interpretation of the material.
		Architectural beauty can only be a constructed beauty expressed through the materials, but residing in an almost dramatic counterweight to the material.
		For Janák and others reacting against Sezession-style architecture in the years before World War I, the banner of cubism was an important way of calling attention to the need for a new emphasis in the development of a truly Czech style.
	www.mala.bc.ca /~johnstoi/praguepage/cubismlecture.htm (3236 words)

	UO Department of Architecture - Architecture Program
		He believed, as Sullivan did, that architecture is, along with other arts, an expression of the values, aspirations and character of the society that produces it.
		The Department of Architecture faculty embodies the pluralistic intent of the School’s founders.
		The National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB), which is the sole agency authorized to accredit U.S. professional degree programs in architecture, recognizes two types of degrees: the Bachelor of Architecture and the Master of Architecture.
	architecture.uoregon.edu /index.cfm?mode=programs&page=arch (1234 words)

	Italian architecture. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Italy’s Romanesque architecture (12th cent.) reveals the first use of the groined vault with projecting ribs.
		Gothic architecture was not greatly developed in Italy; a notable exception is the cathedral of Milan, built in part by foreign architects.
		Vignola did significant work in Rome in the latter part of the 16th cent., while in N Italy the formal classicism of Palladio was a potent factor in the spreading of Renaissance architecture throughout Europe.
	www.bartleby.com /65/it/Ital-arc.html (621 words)

	UO Department of Architecture - About the School
		The Department of Architecture at the University of Oregon, with programs in both architecture and interior architecture, has a uniqueness stemming back to its roots in 1914 as an architecture school affiliated with the allied arts, rather than with engineering, and based on a non-competitive, individual approach to learning.
		Students are actively engaged in all aspects of the department; students and faculty alike feel a tremendous sense of ownership in the pedagogical direction of the department.
		We are committed to providing education in architecture and interior architecture that stresses exploration of critical issues in a learning environment that is conducive to meaningful inquiry and creativity.
	arch-uo.uoregon.edu /index.cfm?mode=about (571 words)

	ArtLex on architecture
		Islamic tomb in a walled garden built for Shah Jahan's wife Mumatz Mahal [aka Arjuman Banu Begum], of bearing masonry and inlaid marble, with onion-shape domes and flanking towers, in Agra, India, seat of the Mughal Empire.
		"Architecture is the triumph of human imagination over materials, methods and men, to put man into possession of his own earth.
		Great Buildings Collection is a gateway to architecture from around the world and across history.
	www.artlex.com /ArtLex/a/architecture.html (2258 words)

	Carl F. Gould, Architect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Prominent Seattle architect and founder of the UW architecture department, Carl Freylinghausen Gould (1873-1939) was the key figure in the creation of the Regents Plan of 1915 that has shaped the UW campus ever since.
		In 1914 he became associated with Bebb and designed a series of houses.
		Gould served as head of the UW architecture department from 1915 to 1926.
	www.washington.edu /research/showcase/1914a.html (299 words)

	Wilson Art Institute Library - Architecture Resources
		Landscape Architecture THESES Archive (LATA) This project is intended to bring together a large resource of thesis projects undertaken by Landscape Architecture students around the world.
		RAIC serves the Canadian Architectural community by providing member Architects with their first method of capitalizing on the ba enefits of the information superhighway.
		In 1993, the CAC was awarded a major, three-year grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) to assist in organizing the Safdie fond and to undertake the publication of a text and accompanying inventory describing the first twenty-five years of Moshe Safdie's career.
	www.slais.ubc.ca /courses/libr559a/summer99/group4/old/ARCHITECTURE.html (923 words)

	Slovenia: Architecture from the Renaissance to 1914 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Renaissance influences in church architecture emanated from Carinthia (Barthaelma Firthaler in Kranjska Gora for example) and Vienna (the Church of Three Magi in Slovenske Gorice).
		Architectural developments were confined to the vaulting of churches, lighting developments and the construction of large arcaded courts.
		His architecture shows the evolution from the decorative Secessionist to the modernist phase, in which he concentrated on trying to use and re-create the traditional local elements in a modern way.
	www.culturalprofiles.org.uk /slovenia/Directories/Slovenia_Cultural_Profile/-6880.html (658 words)

	Renaissance Architecture Style (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Build the future you¿ve dreamed of with an MFA in Architecture from the Academy of Art University in San Francisco.
		Renaissance architecture was born as part of a broader cultural upswing...
		architecture from the medevial through to the mannerist period.
	www.executive-office-furniture-uk.co.uk /officefurn/renaissance_architecture_style.html (455 words)

	AllRefer.com - Vitruvius (Architecture, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Because it is the only antique treatise on architecture to have survived, De architectura has been an invaluable source of information for scholars.
		The rediscovery of Vitruvius during the Renaissance greatly fueled the revival of classicism during that and subsequent periods.
		Numerous architectural treatises were based in part or inspired by Vitruvius, beginning with Leon Battista Alberti's De re aedificatoria (1485).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/V/Vitruviu.html (218 words)

	Modernism -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The modern movement emerged in the late (Click link for more info and facts about 19th century) 19th century, and was rooted in the idea that "traditional" forms of art, literature, social organization and daily life had become outdated, and that it was therefore essential to sweep them aside and reinvent culture.
		The pressures of communication, transportation and more rapid scientific development began placing a premium on architectural styles which were cheaper to build and less ornamented, and on writing which was shorter, clearer, and easier to read.
		Many have interpreted this transformation as the beginning of the phase that became known as (Genre of art and literature and especially architecture in reaction against principles and practices of established modernism) Postmodernism.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/mo/modernism.htm (5854 words)

	Manifesto of Futurist Architecture
		The art of construction has been able to evolve with time, and to pass from one style to another, while maintaining unaltered the general characteristics of architecture, because in the course of history changes of fashion are frequent and are determined by the alternations of religious conviction and political disposition.
		That Futurist architecture is the architecture of calculation, of audacious temerity and of simplicity; the architecture of reinforced concrete, of steel, glass, cardboard, textile fiber, and of all those substitutes for wood, stone and brick that enable us to obtain maximum elasticity and lightness;
		That Futurist architecture is not because of this an arid combination of practicality and usefulness, but remains art, i.e.
	www.unknown.nu /futurism/architecture.html (1328 words)

	VLN: S.F. Architecture 1912-1914
		VLN : 20th C. Architecture : 1 2 3 4 5 (1912-1914) 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
		The building exemplifies the aims of the City Beautiful Movement in its simultaneous success as urban architecture, achieved through form and composition, and as an individual building, achieved in the quality of its details.
		An intriguing play on the half-timber, with some features (the pulpit-like corner balcony with quatrefoils and the half-timber supergraphics) that are architectural puns (Woodbridge and Woodbridge 1992 : 173).
	verlang.com /sfbay0004ref_20thc_005.html (923 words)

	Architecture 1900
		The period around 1900 was a defining point in the history of architecture and it offers a fascinating insight into the whole development of the modern architectural movement.
		The intellectual debate was intense with a desire to produce innovative architecture which honoured the past and local traditions whilst using a combination of traditional and new materials.
		Peter Burman is Director of the Centre for Conservation in the Department of Archaeology at the University of York.
	www.donhead.com /architecture_1900.htm (549 words)

	Architecture of the University of Oregon: A History, Bibliography, and Research Guide
		This resource surveys the history of the built environment of the University of Oregon and identifies basic resources for researching the architectural heritage of Oregon's flagship university.
		This mural, created by art students, was located in the Art Building demolished in 1956 to make way for an expansion of what is now Lawrence Hall.
		This annotated chronology surveys the architectural history of the University of Oregon..
	libweb.uoregon.edu /guides/architecture/oregon (252 words)

	Discover: Architecture
		Architectural information is available at many levels, from the man in the street to the designer at the CAD station, on a wide range of subjects covering history, design, law, building products, building costs, structures and the environmental implications of specification.
		This series surveys the architecture of England county by county, it is still going strong and new volumes are regularly published.
		Architecture in Manuscript 1601 - 1996: Guide to the British Architectural Library Manuscripts and Archives Collection RIBA British Architectural Library, Mansell 1998 is a guide to the architectural specifications, correspondence, sketchbooks and other documents including held in the collection.
	members.riba.org /library/bal11a.htm (2935 words)

	Architecture photographs : Drexel University Archives
		A two-year course in architecture was offered at the Drexel Institute under the direction of the art department throughout the 1890s.
		When the administration terminated the art department in 1905, architecture became an independent department and extended its regular course from two years to three years.
		In 1914, architecture was dropped from the curriculum of the day school.
	www.library.drexel.edu /archives/digital/earlyphotosarchitecture.html (165 words)

	Lawrence Hall [Architecture of the University of Oregon]
		This model (1980s) shows the south facade of the Art and Architecture Building which was destroyed in 1957 and replaced with a new structure.
		Ellis Lawrence consulted with W. Willcox, the new head of the architecture program (from 1922), about the renovation and enhancement of the existing structures to house the growing School of Architecture and Alllied Arts.
		The library's reading room is named for Marion Dean Ross, architectural historian and first chair of the Art History department, who died in 1991 and left a large bequest to acquire architectural books.
	libweb.uoregon.edu /guides/architecture/oregon/lawrence.html (1057 words)

	Neiman Marcus Department Store - Architecture in Downtown Dallas
		The original 4 story 1914 building sits on the southwest corner of Main and Ervay.
		In 1927, it was expanded with a 4 story addition to the south, extending the full block along Ervay.
		The part that was built over the eastern half of the building only made a slight gesture to the ornamented lower floors with a cornice, but did not attempt to replicate the window pattern or the ornamental stone work.
	www.dallasarchitecture.info /n-m.htm (279 words)

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