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Topic: 1925 serum run to Nome

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	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Nome is a city located on the southern Seward Peninsula coast of Norton Sound in the Nome Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.
		In the winter of 1925, a diphtheria epidemic among Eskimos in Nome was halted when, during fierce blizzard conditions, a sled team arrived with serum.
		In 1925, Nome was the destination of the famous "Great Race of Mercy", where dog sleds played a large part in transporting diphtheria serum through harsh conditions.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Nome,_Alaska (1430 words)

	Sled Dogs Were Lifesavers in the Serum Run, Alaska Science Forum
		In 1925, the Serum Run was a race against the spread of diphtheria, an often-fatal contagious disease.
		Nome's population during January of 1925 was 1,429.
		The quickest way for the serum to reach Nome was to enlist the help of a series of mushers who agreed to exchange the packet of serum like a relay baton.
	www.gi.alaska.edu /ScienceForum/ASF15/1531.html (707 words)

	1925 serum run to Nome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Nome lies just two degrees south of the Arctic Circle, and while greatly diminished from its peak of 20,000 during the gold rush days at the turn of the 20th century, it was still the largest town in the northern half of Alaska in 1925 with 455 Inuit and 975 settlers of European descent.
		Nome appears to be a deserted city." (Salisbury, 2003, page 205) With the report of Gonangan's progress on January 31, Welch believed the serum would arrive the next day.
		The temperature in Nome was a relatively warm −20 °F (−30 °C), but in Shaktoolik the temperature was estimated at −30 °F (−34 °C), and the gale force winds causing a wind chill of −85 °F (−65°C).
	www.msn988.info /en/1925_serum_run_to_Nome.htm (4522 words)

	insurgent49
		Balto was the lead dog on the final leg of the January 1925 serum run to Nome, also known as the “Great Race of Mercy”, which transported diphtheria antitoxin from Anchorage to Nome in order to combat an outbreak of the disease.
		This amount of serum was not enough to completely eliminate of a full-scale epidemic, but it was enough to hold the disease at bay before a second shipment of anti-toxin arrived.
		Togo, Balto, and all of the dogs of the 1925 Nome serum run continue to serve as an inspiration to in today’s Alaska.
	www.insurgent49.com /yanity_balto.html (2033 words)

	Nome, Alaska at AllExperts
		It is also possible that a mariner may have recalled the scenery around Nome, Norway when looking at the headland that came to be called "Cape Nome".
		In 1973, Nome became the ending point of the 1,049+ mi (1,600+ km) Iditarod dog sled race held in honor of the serum run.
		Nome is served by the Nome City School District.
	en.allexperts.com /e/n/no/nome,_alaska.htm (1328 words)

	The 1925 Serum Run to Nome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Nome's only doctor needed a serum to fight the deadly disease called___________________.
		The serum was transported by a relay of _____ dogsled teams the ________ miles to Nome.
		coldest temperature recorded during this serum run was _____________.
	www.chatham.k12.ma.us /~amorgan/iditarod/links/serumwksheet.htm (222 words)

	Alaska Journal of Commerce Online
		While Nome attracts more than 20,000 visitors annually, it is the Iditarod that brings the most people to Nome in such a short time, said Josie Stiles, executive director of the Nome Convention and Visitors Center.
		Former Nome Mayor Leo Rasmussen said that as far back as the 1990s, events surrounding the Iditarod were worth about $23 million to the state of Alaska.
		Nome's visitor industry hopes that the race finish and other Iditarod week activities, from the mushers banquet to the Bering Sea Ice Golf Classic, will lure travelers back to Nome again.
	www.alaskajournal.com /stories/032005/hom_20050320001.shtml (987 words)

	Daniel Sutherland Information
		When gold was discovered in the sands of Nome in 1900 he moved across the state and became a prospector eventually becoming a co-owner of a mining company.
		He lobbied for the first experimental flights by the U.S. Post Office, which were carried out in February of 1924, and when a diphtheria epidemic struck Nome in 1925, he supported an air rescue.
		Governor Scott Bone ultimately decided to use a dog sled relay in what became known as the 1925 serum run to Nome, but in the 1930s aircraft did replace the dog sled as the primary form of transportation.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Daniel_Sutherland (448 words)

	Balto - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Balto (1922 – March 14, 1933) was a sled dog who led his team on the final leg of the 1925 serum run to Nome, in which diphtheria antitoxin was transported from Anchorage, Alaska to Nome by dog sled to combat an outbreak of the disease.
		The run is commemorated by the annual Iditarod dogsled race.
		The serum was transported by train from Anchorage to Nenana, where the first musher embarked as part of a relay aimed at delivering the needed serum to Nome.
	www.knowledgehunter.info /wiki/Balto (553 words)

	Timeline
		But someone had brought one to Nome where the King Island and Wales Eskimos were put to carving replicas in ivory, however, without the throne or lettering.
		1925 The possibility of an epidemic of diphtheria confronted Nome in January 1925 when Dr. Curtis Welch discovered seven cases of diphtheria in the area and no diphtheria antitoxin in town.
		The Nome Nugget of January 31, 1925 reported 22 cases and 5 deaths.
	www.alaskool.org /cgi-bin/java/interactive/timeline5.asp?cat=communities (729 words)

	Iditarod Trail Dog Sled Race \| The Race to Nome
		The Iditarod is run each year to commemorate the emergency delivery in 1925 of diphtheria antitoxin to Nome, Alaska.
		Nome in 1925 had changed from a booming, boisterous turn-of-the-century gold-rush camp into a small, quite town of about 1,500 people.
		It was decided to transport the serum by train from Anchorage to Nenana, a town on the Tanana River 220 miles north of Anchorage, and then by a relay of dog teams over the 674 miles between Nenana and Nome.
	www.lucidcafe.com /library/iditarod.html (646 words)

	Serum Run
		In 1925 this trail was traveled by a relay team of 20 mushers carrying life saving diphtheria serum for the people of Nome.
		The Serum Run is an annual event made possible by caring and dedicated sponsors from all over Alaska as well as national companies.
		The Serum Run 25 Organization funds most of the logistical needs of the expedition, such as the shipment of drop bags, straw, and shipping dogs, sleds and machines back to Anchorage.
	www.angelfire.com /ak4/kakphoto/SerumRun/serum_run.htm (1117 words)

	Debbie S. Miller, Alaska Author of Nature Books, The Great Serum Race
		The 1925 serum run to Nome was one of the most dramatic races in Alaska's history.
		She grew up in Nome and played with Togo and Balto when they were puppies.
		* Balto became the most famous dog of the serum race because he was one of the leaders of the team that ran the last leg of the serum run relay.
	www.debbiemilleralaska.com /GreatSerumRace.htm (700 words)

	Serum Run
		This spring I was invited to be a member of the Serum Run expedition, which consisted of 11 dog teams and 15 snowmobiles, that followed the original Serum Run trail, from Nenana to Nome, Alaska, a total of 887 miles.
		The original Serum Run, in 1925, was a rescue operation to rush diptheria serum to Nome, Alaska, because of an epidemic which threatened to wipe out the town.
		Serum Run group assembling outside Nome, preparing for their parade down main street.
	arcticoutreach.org /serumrunhome.html (690 words)

	Togo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		He was the son of Suggen, Seppala's lead dog during the 1914 All-Alaska Sweepstakes, and at the time of the serum run Togo was twelve years old.
		The first batch of 300,000 units of serum was delivered by train from Anchorage to Nenana, Alaska, where it was picked up by the first of twenty mushers and more than 100 dogs who relayed the serum a total of 674 miles (1,085 km) to Nome.
		After the successful serum run, the slower freight dog Balto became the most famous canine of the run.
	www.doggy411.com /show_article.do?id=202 (864 words)

	Do Unto Others Project-Church of the Science of God
		After that, he was called to the home of a prominent Nome family whose son also was ill. Soon, all three boys were dead of diphtheria.
		It was an outbreak, and Nome did not have serum.
		Nome families lined Main Street as Alaska’s greatest musher raced into a 400-mile journey through a blizzard.
	www.dountoothers.org /serumrun.html (1242 words)

	Serum Run - Iditarod Trail
		Serum Run '25 is a dog team journey with snow machine support across 768 miles of Alaska's frozen rivers, tundra and sea ice from Nenana to Nome.
		Stopping at each village and school along the way, they will rekindle the spirit of the Serum Run by bringing a message to school children and their parents regarding the need for inoculations, awareness and making healthy lifestyle choices.
		A vial of diphtheria serum is presented to the expedition team during a ceremonial send off in Nenana and we are off and running.
	www.serumrun.org (1622 words)

	Nome Chamber of Commerce; Serun Run Photo Essay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In 1925 a group of brave dog sled mushers relayed diphtheria serum from the rail head
		serum and was presented to the Mayor and the children of Nome.
		The serum is presented to the Mayor of Nome.
	www.nomechamber.org /serumrun.html (217 words)

	CalendarHome.com - 1925 - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar).
		June 29 - Santa Barbara Earthquake of 1925: a 6.3 earthquake destroys downtown Santa Barbara, California.
		December 26 - The Sphinx was finally dug out in 1925, to the great pleasure of its numerous visitors.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /1925.htm (1865 words)

	Balto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Balto was the lead dog on the final leg of the 1925 serum run to Nome, the transport of diphtheria antitoxin from Anchorage, to Nome, Alaska in the United States by dog sled, to combat an outbreak of the disease.
		The serum was transported by train from Anchorage to Nenana, where the first musher embarked from Nenana as part of a dog-sled relay aimed at delivering the needed serum to Nome.
		The longest and most hazardous stretch of the run was actually covered by Leonhard Seppala and his dog team, led by Togo.
	www.doggy411.com /show_article.do?id=195 (342 words)

	Travelmaniac Iditarod Photos
		The year was 1925, the month was January, in the depths of winter, and the town was Nome.
		But Anchorage to Nome is more than 1,000 miles, and no planes were available to make the flight.
		Finally, after the serum was carried by 19 other mushers, Gunner Kaasen drove his tired dog team, lead by another of Seppala's lead dogs, Balto, down an almost deserted First Avenue in Nome on February 2, 1925.
	www.travelmaniac.com /iditarod/iditarace.htm (1791 words)

	Alaska information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Alaskan Bush is the remote, less crowded part of the state, encompassing 380 native villages and small towns such as Nome, Bethel, Kotzebue and, most famously, Barrow, the northernmost town in the United States.
		The race commemorates the famous 1925 serum run to Nome in which mushers and dogs like Balto took much-needed medicine to the diphtheria-stricken community of Nome when all other means of transportation had failed.
		Until his resignation from the U.S. Senate to run for governor, Republican Frank Murkowski held the state's other senatorial position and, as governor, was allowed to appoint his daughter, Lisa Murkowski as his successor.
	webshots.search.com /reference/Alaska (4399 words)

	Balto - Thagodz Wiki
		Balto (1922 – March 14, 1933) was an Alaskan Malamute sled dog who led his team on the final leg of the 1925 serum run to Nome, in which diphtheria antitoxin was transported from Anchorage, Alaska to Nome by dog sled to combat an outbreak of the disease (Brooks and Wallis 1998:139).
		The run is commemorated by the annual Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race.
		On February 2, 1925, the Norwegian Gunnar Kaasen drove his team, led by Balto (named after Samuel Balto), into Nome.
	www.thagodz.com /search/wiki/?title=Balto (497 words)

	National Geographic Adventure Mag.: Online Extra--The Cruelest Miles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		But to the people of Nome, Alaska—and to the entire country—he became just that when he and his dog team participated in the 1925 serum run from Nenana to Nome, helping to thwart a diphtheria epidemic.
		Another musher had originally been asked to run the tenth leg of the relay, but he wanted to know how much he would be paid before agreeing to participate.
		The last surviving participant in the serum run, Nollner died in 1999 at the age of 94.
	www.nationalgeographic.com /adventure/0308/audio.html (298 words)

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