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	1931 in television - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		October 30 - NBC installs a television transmitter on top of the Empire State Building.
		November 1 - Television images are transmitted from JOAK radio station in Tokyo, Japan by Professors Kenjiro Takayagani and Tomomasa Nakashima.
		The Television Ghost premieres on the experimental W2XAB (1931-1933).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1931_in_television (182 words)

	1931 W2XCR-WGBS Television Studio (USA)
		There were 16 stations (in ten states) broadcasting various forms of mechanical television in the United States, between the years 1928 to 1939.
		On October 10, 1931, WGBS was sold to William Randolph Hearst, who in January 1932, changed the call letters to WINS, which stood for Hearst's International News Service, then one of the nation's three major wire services.
		During the period early part of 1931, but before the call letters were changed to WINS, the station began experimenting with mechanical television broadcasting, operating a Jenkins mechanical scanner through the experimental transmitter, W2XCR.
	www.tvhistory.tv /1931-W2XCR-WGBS-TV-Studio-NYC.htm (429 words)

	Jenkins, Charles Francis
		Charles Francis Jenkins was a leading inventor and promoter of mechanical scanning television and largely responsible for strong and passionate interest in television in the 1920s and early 1930s in the United States.
		In December 1928 the Jenkins Television Corporation was founded in New Jersey to sell Jenkins television equipment and operate television stations to promote the sale of receivers to the public and equipment for experimenters and other experimental stations.
		The limitations inherent in mechanical television's picture quality kept it from being able to compete with electronic scanning television systems and it was, therefore, deemed a failure and doomed to quick obsolescence in America.
	www.museum.tv /archives/etv/J/htmlJ/jenkinschar/jenkinschar.htm (962 words)

	Antique Televison Sets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A set, as you may know, is like a radio cabinet, dials and all, except that in place of a sound-emitter it has a lens the size of a pie pan.
		The National Broadcasting Company just broadcasts its television signature, WXZ or W4Y, or whatever it is, and sometimes the figure of a cat going round and round in a circle.
		This light, reflected back from the body of whoever is being televised, is registered, after a lot of little miracles, on the screen of a receiving set.
	www.ralphmag.org /BD/old-television.html (509 words)

	A Glossary of Television Terms & Definitions — Spouting Off!
		The Horizontal Retrace Signal is part of a television broadcast signal that tells the receiving television where to stop scanning (at the end of a line) as well as where to re-align itself on the left side.
		In a television broadcast signal this is one of several parts used by the television to display the images being sent.
		Where a standard television uses an interlacing format (alternating lines 60 times a second, creating a full image 30 times a second) higher market televisions and digital television systems use progressive scanning in which the television scans all the lines on the television in succession, and does a full screen 60 times a second.
	www.glossary-of-terms.net /glossary-of-television-terms.html (2143 words)

	Tihanyi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Though his preoccupation with the problem of television goes back to at least 1917, it was not until 1924 that Tihanyi found the solution he was looking for and began conducting experiments.
		The decisive solution - television operating on the basis of coontinuous electron emission with accumulation and storage of released secondary electrons during the entire scansion cycle - was first described by Kálmán Tihanyi in 1926, with further refined versions patented by him in 1928.
		At the end of 1931, Tihanyi was invited by the Italian Navy to develop his torpedo for marine use.
	www.geocities.com /neveyaakov/electro_science/tihanyi.html (1016 words)

	John Logie Baird
		John Logie Baird is remembered as the inventor of mechanical television, radar and fiber optics.
		Successfully tested in a laboratory in late 1925 and unveiled with much fanfare in London in early 1926, mechanical television technology was quickly usurped by electronic television, the basis of modern video technology.
		In 1931, Baird and Donald Flamm, the founder of Voice of America, applied for a licence to broadcast TV programmes in America.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/other/john_logie_baird.htm (1861 words)

	History of Television (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The first mechanical television systems were developed by John Logie Baird in England and by Charles Jenkins in the U.S. in the mid 20s.
		By 1930, television was being broadcast from over a dozen stations in the U.S., not only from the major cities such as New York and Boston, but also from Iowa and Kansas.
		In England, regularly scheduled 30 line television programming was first broadcast by the BBC in September of 1929.
	old-television.com (330 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Years: 1929 1930 1931 - 1932 - 1933 1934 1935 Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s - 1930s - 1940s 1950s 1960s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1932 in art 1932 in aviation 1932 in film 1932 in literature 1932 in music 1932 in radio..
		Years: 1931 1932 1933 - 1934 - 1935 1936 1937 Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s - 1930s - 1940s 1950s 1960s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1934 in art 1934 in aviation 1934 in film 1934 in literature 1934 in music 1934 in radio 1934 in rail transport 1934 in science 193..
		Events First television broadcasts in the USSRMarch 31 - The agreement for joint experimental transmissions by the BBC and John Logie Baird's company are comes to an end.December - Phil..
	www.hostingciamca.com /browse.php?title=1/19/193 (6794 words)

	Kalman Tihanyi (1897 - 1947) - Television Pioneer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The television system, which in the wake of the publication of Kalman Tihanyi's French and British patents of 1928 priority gave new direction to television development, is recognized by historiography as one of the great inventions of the 20th century.
		The history of television's development reaches back into the last quarter of the 19th century, when parallel with the emergence of the scientific discoveries constituting the fundament of electronics, the thought of picture transmission as a possibility appeared.
		While early television development was dominated by mechanical transmitting - receiving systems well into the 1930's, the idea to employ the cathode ray tube emerged in the first decade of the 20th century - first in Boris Rosing's 1907 patent application for a receiver.
	www.ctie.monash.edu.au /hargrave/tihanyi.html (2687 words)

	John Logie Baird and Television (Part III) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		By collecting, documenting and interpreting television sets and related ephemera, Znaimer's intention is to further public understanding of the impact and influence of a medium of communication which is powerful, persuasive and omnipresent.
		Television's origins were tied to radio in many ways, mainly because radio waves carried television signals which were received by a standard short-wave radio, which was then connected to a mechanical television.
		Television can also be divided up within a museum context, it is a technical story, it is a design story, it is a programming story, and the social impacts of television have certainly received the most attention and debate.
	www.finearts.uwaterloo.ca /juhde/ibair972.htm (3853 words)

	Orbital Reviews: Frankenstein (1931) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Also, unlike other versions of the story, the 1931 film correctly refers to the monster as Frankenstein's monster, not simply "Frankenstein," which is actually the last name of the monster's creator.
		Although many versions of Frankenstein have hit theaters and television screens, the 1931 film is the most famous and historically important among serious renditions, although Young Frankenstein (1974) is an acclaimed Mel Brooks comedy.
		The 1931 film also helped launch the career of Boris Karloff, who did not receive a billing for his role until the end of the film.
	orbitalreviews.com /movies/Frankenstein.html (499 words)

	A U. S. Television Chronology, 1875-1970 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		British television pioneer John Logie Baird appears on WMCA radio to discuss a proposed television station to be operated jointly by his company and WMCA.
		First use of videotape in network television programming: CBS uses its first Ampex VTR to be installed at Television City, Los Angeles, to record the evening news (then anchored by Douglas Edwards) and in turn, feeds the tape to West Coast stations three hours later.
		Television sets manufactured as of this date are required to receive UHF channels.
	members.aol.com /jeff560/chronotv.html (7311 words)

	Adventures in CyberSound: Dead Media: Early / Mechanical Television Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This mechanical television receiver was built for a 48- line television system developed during 1927 by Ernst W. Alexanderson, who was the Chief Consulting Engineer at the GE laboratories in Schenectady, New York.
		This home-made scanning disc television unit was built by the Connecticut radio experimenter, Clifford Fraser, using hand-written instructions sent to him by the mechanical television pioneer and broadcaster, Charles Francis Jenkins.
		He was one of the earliest to succeed at television transmission, and claimed to have executed the first reported transmission of television by radio in 1923.
	www.acmi.net.au /AIC/DEAD_MEDIA_MECH_TV.html (2706 words)

	1930 in television - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An audience at Proctor's Theatre in Schenectady, New York becomes the first to see a closed-circuit television signal projected onto a big screen.
		For the first time anywhere in the world, a television drama is broadcast.
		Baird television transmissions at Hairdressing Fair of Fashion include the world's first television commercial for the Eugène Method of permanent hair waving.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1930_in_television (131 words)

	Baird, John Logie
		Among his pioneering ideas were early versions of color television, the video disc, large screen television, stereo television, televised sports, and pay television by closed circuit.
		Baird promoted initial public interest in television with the first public demonstrations (one in a London department store window) in 1925 to 1926, and long-distance transmissions by wire (between London and Glasgow in 1926) and short-wave (trans-Atlantic from London to New York in 1927).
		His efforts at promotion and sale of "televisor" devices created considerable controversy among experts as to whether television was sufficiently developed to promote public viewing and purchase of receivers.
	www.museum.tv /archives/etv/B/htmlB/bairdjohnl/bairdjohnl.htm (730 words)

	The Mechanical Era
		According to Business Week in 1931, television broadcasters admitted "that interest in their efforts is confined almost entirely to the experimenter-the young man of mechanical bent whose principal (sic) interest is in how television works rather than in the quality of images received." William Boddy, 1991
		Despite these early limitations, the pioneers of crude mechanical television demonstrated basic principles of picture scanning and synchronization of transmission and reception.
		Amateurs wrote to Jenkins reporting on their reception of his radiomovies, possibly because of the geographical proximity to the US border, and the vast distances traversed by mechanical TV signals (which broadcast on short-wave frequencies).
	www.mztv.com /mech1.html (669 words)

	List of 'years in television' - FreeEncyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		1989 in television - The Simpsons and Seinfeld premiere
		1953 in television - The coronation of Queen Elizabeth II is seen by approximately 20 million TV viewers in the United Kingdom.
		On May 28, the first television station WGY[?] begins broadcasting in Schenectady, New York.
	openproxy.ath.cx /li/List_of_'years_in_television'.html (1173 words)

	Bookview, issue 169 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Since electronic television didn't exist, all the parts had to be handmade and this proved to be more complicated than originally thought.
		At the end of the war General David Sarnoff was pushing television and the public was captivated by it.
		David Sarnoff was born in 1891 in Uzlian, a shtetl in Russia, in the province of Minsk.
	members.aol.com /bookviewzine/issue169.html (2959 words)

	History of CBC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		1952: Canadian television is officially born with the opening of the CBC's first two TV stations; CBFT Montreal on September 6, and CBLT Toronto two days after.
		Canadian television becomes a reality in the west with the opening of CBUT Vancouver in December.
		The CBC television stations in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick form their own small network on December 2.
	members.shaw.ca /nelsonmedia/HistCBC.htm (2047 words)

	Royal Television Society, NA Newsletters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		John Logie Baird is recognised as Britain's television pioneer; he was born and raised in Scotland, and most of his television work was done in the London area.
		Baird was well known in the USA His first public demonstration of television in January 1926, and his historic transmission of television across the Atlantic in February 1928, had captured the public imagination.
		As late as 1931, television techniques were still largely mechanical and Baird's most recent success was the transmission of the Derby from Epsom to a cinema in central London, where it was seen on a large screen.
	www-royaltv.pp.asu.edu /news28.html (2104 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search View - Dan Rather
		Rather, Dan, born in 1931, American television reporter and news anchor, author, and five-time Emmy Award winner, known for his investigative reporting and confrontational style in news interviews.
		In 1956 Rather became news director of a Houston television station and later worked as a TV news reporter with a CBS television affiliate.
		His coverage of Hurricane Carla in 1961 brought him to the attention of CBS News executives, and he joined CBS News in 1962 as chief of its Southwest bureau based in Dallas, Texas.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761552518__1/Dan_Rather.html (575 words)

	Magazines
		This issue has a very early article that discusses the use of the Cathode-Ray Tube for television and goes into great detail about the tube operation and characteristics.
		The first CRT television tubes were offered to experimenters around 1931.
		It is interesting to note that whenever people are shown viewing television they are almost always shown in the finest suits and gowns!
	www.tvhistory.tv /magazines2.htm (184 words)

	Infrared Photography - Electronic recording: Real time visualisation
		Interestingly John Logie Baird - widely regarded as the inventor of television was the first to demonstrate thermal imaging using a television tube - an invention he called the Noctovisor.
		According to Moseley (1931) Baird had so refined the system by 1929 that he held a public demonstration of a self-contained infrared viewer at Box Hill in Surrey (Figure 52).
		The so called "chip" television cameras are all equipped with charge coupled devices which have an inherent sensitivity to infrared.
	msp.rmit.edu.au /Article_03/04a.html (445 words)

	The Dead media Project:Working Notes:11.4
		According to Business Week in 1931, television broadcasters admitted "that interest in their efforts is confined almost entirely to the experimenter = the young man of mechanical bent whose principal (sic) interest is in how television works rather than in the quality of images received." William Boddy, 1991
		Television followed a similar route into the home, but its complex and expensive assemblage dictated a lengthier experimental period before costs came down, and before the invention of larger screens and clearer pictures could domesticate "seeing at a distance."
		In 1931, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) broadcast experimental signals from the Empire State Building, featuring a familiar cartoon character, Felix the Cat.
	www.deadmedia.org /notes/11/114.html (569 words)

	Canada's Telidon -- Two-Way is Here!
		It converts the simple television set into a powerful information tool - a means of obtaining instantly a great variety of written or graphic information.
		Although videotex was born in Europe, Canada was very much interested in the technology and undertook to further improve it.
		Imagine a television set capable of changing, at the user’s will, into an electronic school, post office, bank, supermarket or library.
	www.ewh.ieee.org /reg/7/millennium/telidon/telidon_twoway.html (926 words)

	History of Telecommunications - Television 1923-1932 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Paul Nipkow the inventor of television performed the first wired image transmission.
		Two years later he was the first who showed the same experiment without wires at the radio and television exhibition in Berlin.
		He showed that a cathode-ray tube is not only suitable for the reproduction of transmitted pictures, but also as a scanner for objects and slides.
	www2.fht-esslingen.de /telehistory/tv23-32.html (271 words)

	McFarland - Publisher of Reference and Scholarly Books
		Kenneth Strickfaden, innovative genius of illusionary special effects from silent films to the age of television, set the standard for Hollywood’s mad scientists.
		It reveals the fate of his collection of equipment, and is richly illustrated with numerous rare and previously unpublished photographs.
		Appendices provide a selection of notes, doodles, and scribbles from Strickfaden’s notebooks, informal sketches, correspondence, documents, a chronology of his film and television contributions, a bibliography, a film index, and a complete subject index.
	www.mcfarlandpub.com /book-2.php?isbn=0-7864-2064-2 (281 words)

	FileRoom.org - Amos 'n' Andy, NAACP pressures CBS to cancel program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1931 the African American press petitioned the Federal Radio Commission to cancel the show because it was an unfair representation of African Americans.
		CBS cancelled the television program in 1953 in response to pressure from the NAACP and other civil rights organizations.
		In 1964 a Chicago television station announced that it would air reruns of the show, however, ceased after national protest.
	www.thefileroom.org /html/792.html (321 words)

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