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Topic: 1934 West Coast Longshore Strike

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	1934 West Coast Longshore Strike - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The 1934 West Coast Longshore Strike lasted eighty-three days, triggered a strike by sailors and a four-day general strike in San Francisco, and led to the unionization of all of the West Coast ports of the United States.
		While the official leadership of the ILA remained in the hands of conservatives sent to the west coast by President Ryan of the ILA, the Albion Hall group started in March, 1934 to press demands for a coastwide contract, a union-run hiring hall and an industrywide waterfront federation.
		The west coast district of the ILA broke off from the International in 1937 to form the International Longshoremen's Union, later renamed the International Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's Union after the union's "march inland" to organize warehouse workers, then renamed the International Longshore and Warehouse Union in recognition of the number of women members.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1934_West_Coast_Longshore_Strike (2236 words)

	BrainDex the knowledge source - Free Online Encyclopedia - General strike (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		A general strike is a strike action by an entire labour force in a city, region or country.
		The term "general strike" is sometimes also applied to large-scale strikes of all of the workers in a particular industry, such as the Textile workers strike (1934).
		In the Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934, as an example, many building trades unions and organizations of unemployed workers in federal work projects struck in sympathy with striking truckdrivers and in protest against the police violence directed against picketers; thousands of others participated in demonstrations in support of the strikers.
	www.braindex.com /encyclopedia/index.php/General_strike (333 words)

	International Longshore and Warehouse Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) is a labor union which primarily represents dock workers on the West Coast of the United States, Hawai'i and Alaska; it also represents hotel workers in Hawai'i, cannery workers in Alaska and warehouse workers throughout the West.
		The union was established through the 1934 West Coast longshore strike, a three month-long strike that culminated in a four day general strike in San Francisco and the Bay Area.
		The strike was a violent one: when strikers attacked the stockade in which the employers were housing strikebreakers in San Pedro, California on May 15, the employers' private guards shot and killed two strikers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/International_Longshore_and_Warehouse_Union (1577 words)

	West Coast Guaranty Bank (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		West Coast Swing is believed to have evolved from Lindy Hop, though both have evolved since the fork.
		The West Coast region reaches from Kahurangi Point in the north to Awarua Point in the south, a distance of 600 km.
		To the west is the Tasman Sea and to the east is the Southern Alps.
	www.wwwtln.com /finance/203/west-coast-guaranty-bank.html (735 words)

	West Coast Dock Strike Costing $1 Billion A Day
		Now, it is a lockout at West Coast ports that would seem to hold the holiday season hostage, with millions of Christmas toys and televisions from Asia trapped on a conga line of ships left bobbing in untended harbors.
		In 1934, under the hawk-nosed labor activist Harry Bridges, the issue was 10 cents more an hour in wages and the right for the union to send who it wanted to each job - rather than depending on corrupt foremen, who often chose workers based on their bribes.
		While not a strike, the current situation promises the same results, as the union's sinew is tested amid a broader economy clambering for a return to business as usual.
	www.rense.com /general29/cost.htm (837 words)

	The Militant - July 15, 2002 -- West Coast longshore workers oppose bosses’ antiunion assault
		OAKLAND, California--The conflict between West Coast longshore workers who are defending their union and the giant shipping companies sharpened last week as negotiators were unable to come up with a labor contract by the July 1 expiration date.
		The fact that it took a major strike battle in 1934 to organize the docks and impose some union control over safety and the pace of work is also widely known among longshore workers.
		Longshore workers died in the 1934 strike for the hiring hall.
	www.themilitant.com /2002/6628/662851.html (904 words)

	Longshoreman's Strike of 1934
		Historically, longshore and maritime strikers were organized in coastwide unions that determined basic strike policy and represented their members in dealing with the government and employers.
		Overall, the 1934 strike was a major victory for the marine and longshore unions.
		West Coast police departments sided unequivocally with the shippers and invested themselves with the kind of patriotic fervor reminiscent of the Palmer Raids of the early 1920s.
	xendar.hypermart.net /history/1934.htm (7081 words)

	STRIKES! - Library Exhibit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Although the strike was called when the regular Council leaders were away in Chicago, they held the strike effort together on their return and disavowed affiliation with the radical IWW (Industrial Workers of the World).
		Intensive organizing began in spring 1934 with West Coast union representatives forming a federation of maritime workers to negotiate with employers coast-wide, rather than independently, port-by-port.
		Longshore workers demanded a coast-wide contract, wage and hour improvements, an end to the speed-ups and the shape-ups, and the establishment of a union hiring hall.
	www.lib.washington.edu /exhibits/Strikes!/exh.html (1548 words)

	MonthlyFeature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		On July 5, 1934 police attacked striking longshore workers on the San Francisco waterfront.
		Includes Roosevelt's New Deal and militancy in the West Coast maritime trades culminating in the San Francisco General Strike of 1934 and the beginning of the CIO.
		Ten strikes beginning with the "Railroad Uprisings of 1877 and ending with the "Longshoremen on the West Coast" are covered.
	www.holtlaborlibrary.org /sfstrike.html (842 words)

	ITF BETRAYAL OF THE LIVERPOOL DOCKERS' STRIKE
		He stated that 1) the strike was illegal and unofficial, not having been endorsed by the TGWU 2) the TGWU, an ITF affiliate, was not requesting support and the ITF was adhering to that request 3) the dockers couldn't win.
		I was moved by the rank and file dockers sense of commitment, determination, discipline and morale, which after a four-month low ebb was surging again in the wake of a stunning industrial action by the ILA (East Coast Longshore union) honoring a Liverpool dockers' picket in New Jersey.
		According to Michel Murray, president of the Syndicat Des Debardeurs, the Montreal longshore union, the ITF inspector called London to inform them of the action and suggest he board the affected ship (which had an ITF contract) to make sure seamen were not scabbing by doing longshore work during the action.
	www.labournet.net /docks2/9610/heyman.htm (1990 words)

	1934 SF General Strike : SF Indymedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		At a February ILA West Coast convention, delegates voted to set a March 23 strike date to fight for higher pay, shorter hours, union recognition and, most importantly, union control over the hiring hall.
		As the strike ended its second month in a stalemate, the San Francisco local, led by the Albion Hall group, organized a mass meeting on June 30 to call on workers to prepare for a general strike.
		After the strike, Harry Bridges was elected president of the local and eventually the entire West Coast district.
	sf.indymedia.org /print.php?id=143967 (1316 words)

	ilwu.org : Representing the Union--Sam Kagel and the Warehouse March Inland 1934-1939
		During the great 1934 West Coast maritime strike, Kagel was a close consultant to Harry Bridges, the longshore union and other waterfront worker groups.
		At most other places where the people were organized shortly after the 1934 strike, the employer either knew it and accepted it or, once in a while, asked for a card count.
		By then the West Coast longshore and warehouse workers had left the International Longshoremen’s Association (ILA), which they were affiliated with from 1934-1937, and formed their own new union, the ILWU.
	www.ilwu.org /dispatcher/2005/09/kagel_march_inland.cfm (2992 words)

	West Coast Encyclopedia Article, Information, History and Biography @ LocalColorArtists.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		West Coast for Australia generally refers to Western Australia
		The West Coast Eagles, an Australian Rules Football team.
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	localcolorartists.com /encyclopedia/West_Coast (211 words)

	The Militant - November 18, 2002 -- West Coast longshore unionists work safe in face of bosses’ pressure
		Taylor is one of 10,500 dockworkers organized by the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) who are fighting for a new contract in the West Coast ports and against the bosses’ drive to lay off union workers and speed up the pace of work.
		He spoke in rejection of attempts by the Pacific Maritime Association (PMA), which represents the shipping bosses, to win a legal ruling that the ILWU is conducting a slowdown on the docks.
		Confirming this antilabor stance, government attorneys have demanded that the union show proof that dockworkers are abiding by the October 8 injunction, which includes a clause that union members must work at a "normal and reasonable speed." Taft-Hartley grants federal courts broad powers to fine or imprison union members for violating such a ruling.
	www.themilitant.com /2002/6643/664364.html (653 words)

	West Coast Choppers For Sale (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		West Coast Chopper is company best known for selling large motorcycles known as choppers to celebrities such as Shaquille O'Neal and Kid Rock.
		Altrincham and Sale West is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
		Graham Brady, a public relations man, locally born and educated at Altrincham Grammar School and Durham University, was elected in 1997 as one of only two remaining Conservative MPs in the whole of the Greater Manchester and Merseyside conurbations put together.
	www.blownspeakers.com /pages3/96/west-coast-choppers-for-sale.html (807 words)

	The ILWU from Bridges to Spinoza
		At a time when pay was terrible and getting work depended on the whims of all-powerful bosses, Bridges emerged as a leader through his commitment to union democracy and radical action during the 1934 West Coast waterfront strike that culminated in a general strike in San Francisco.
		While the remaining workers achieved wage gains in the mid-1960s, this was due mainly to the boom in military cargo during the Vietnam War.
		This was a major retreat from the gains of the strike of 1934, which won the hiring hall to ensure equal treatment of all dockworkers.
	www.socialistworker.org /2002-2/431/431_11_ILWU.shtml (693 words)

	December 2000
		The coal-miners’ strike in Australia is of special interest as it was a rehearsal of the Communist program for the assumption of total power.
		The International Longshore and Warehouse Workers’ Union of the West Coat of the United States was expelled from the CIO because it was a consistent instrument of the international Communist conspiracy.
		The longshore workers of California are no less patriotic than the longshore workers of the East Coast, but on the West Coast they are controlled by a handful of Communsit officials.
	www.schwarzreport.org /SchwarzReport/2000/december00.html (5078 words)

	White House Signals Move to Forestall West Coast Port Strike
		The Bush administration has intervened aggressively in labor talks at West Coast ports, with high-level officials signaling that they are prepared to take strong action to prevent an economically crippling strike or slowdown.
		Leaders of the International Longshore and Warehouse Union say the government’s involvement has blunted their bargaining strength and actually prolonged negotiations, which are in their third month.
		Most troubling to organized labor is the option that would move the Longshore union to the jurisdiction of the national Railway Labor Act, which now governs union activity in rail transport and airlines.
	www.labournet.net /docks2/0208/bushilwu1.htm (1550 words)

	Labor Notes - Bush Threatens West Coast Dockers’ Right to Strike (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		All West Coast ports have worked under a single contract since the end of the 1934 general maritime strike, in which the ILWU was born.
		The evening before bargaining between the longshore workers and their employers was set to resume, the ILWU organized rallies in Portland, Tacoma, Seattle, Oakland, and Long Beach.
		The ILWU is also seeking the support of the governors of the West Coast states, who would need to agree to the use of the National Guard on the docks.
	www.labornotes.org /archives/2002/09/b.html (1883 words)

	ILWU debates concessions
		The meeting of delegates representing the 10,500-strong International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) dockworkers’ division comes a week after union president James Spinosa announced his willingness to accept management’s demands to eliminate the jobs of 1,500 clerks.
		And under the guise of "the war on terror" Homeland Security Director Tom Ridge has warned the ILWU against a strike as it could disrupt "national security" and Bush administration officials have threatened to use the Taft-Hartley act to declare any strike illegal.
		ILWU communications director Steve Stallone called the offer to surrender clerks’ jobs a "bold stroke," invoking the name of famous left-wing longshore leader Harry Bridges, who helped to organize the 1934 West Coast general strike that founded the union.
	www.socialistworker.org /2002-2/415/415_11_ILWU.shtml (665 words)

	HistoryLink Essay: West Coast Waterfront Strike of 1934
		Along with every other major West Coast port, Seattle's harbor was paralyzed from May 9 to July 31, 1934, by one of the most important and bitter labor strikes of the twentieth century.
		Seattle longshore (from "along shore") workers formed the Stevedores, Longshoremen and Riggers Union of Seattle on June 12, 1886, to improve their workplace conditions and pay.
		Beginning in the late 1920s, after decades of failed strikes (including participation in the Seattle General Strike of 1919), longshore workers in ports from Bellingham to San Diego began to reorganize under one umbrella, the International Longshoremen's Association (ILA).
	www.historylink.org /essays/output.cfm?file_id=1391 (1573 words)

	West Coast longshore workers face new attack on hiring hall
		JACK HEYMAN, an Executive Board member of International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) Local 10 of San Francisco and chair of the Northern California Committee to Defend the Charleston Longshore Workers, discusses the challenges facing the ILWU.
		We need to protect the hiring hall, which was won in the 1934 strike with the blood of labor martyrs.
		Over the years we experienced fractures in the integrity of the structure of our dispatch hall system, whose key principle is the equal opportunity of work for all longshore workers.
	www.socialistworker.org /2001/384/384_11_ILWUHiringHall.shtml (819 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Students interact in small labor and management teams to bargain a contract on issues that include child care, affirmative action, health insurance, wages, etc. Students are coached by professionals who volunteer from the fields of labor and management.
		Students caucus in five worker groups and present various view points on craft unionism, the strike, and the future of their jobs.
		The activity culminates in a mass meeting of all of the workers, chaired by a retired union worker (played by the teacher), in which students debate and vote on whether to join the strike and the union.
	www.utla.net /negotiations/index.php (728 words)

	West coast Dock workers strike... - ResellerRatings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The International Longshore and Warehouse Union wants its shipping clerks trained to use new computerized equipment for the tracking of containers on and off ships.
		Regardless of the salary, which I seem to feel a feeling of envy here on this board, people and families are involved here as well as the principle of standing up for your commitments to yourself and those who depend on you.
		Firing them and bringing in other workers is the extreme way to do it, but considering the items being trifled over and the further defiling of the American economy by the opportunistic pigs, we should use anything at our disposal now.
	www.resellerratings.com /forum/showthread.php?threadid=36498 (1113 words)

	ATTAC France / Versions étrangères / English / Bush Threatens West Coast Dockers’ Right to Strike (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The confrontation on the West Coast docks could become the defining union conflict of the Bush administration.
		When Reagan used the military to replace striking air traffic controllers in 1982, CEOs nationwide saw his action as an invitation to permanently replace their own striking workers—a tactic that, while legal, had been largely untested until then.
		The hourly rate for longshore workers ranges from $27.68 to $33.48—about the same as a plumber or electrician.
	www.france.attac.org /a3008 (2065 words)

	Speech by Brad Witt at ILWU Picnic on July 5, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Let us also remember our 400 thousand sisters and brother, who in 1886 engaged in a nationwide General Strike to achieve the eight-hour working day...and whose Chicago leaders were publicly hanged for their cause.
		A general strike ensued, the labor movement won a great victory and Harry Bridges was elected President of your West Coast District.
		One historical account of the 1934 San Francisco General Strike put it this way: "It was an important factor in increased wages at points far from San Francisco.
	www.oraflcio.unions-america.com /BloodyThursday.htm (1009 words)

	The Big Strike
		Strike" -- a remarkable event that brought open warfare to San Francisco's
		Coast ports since then as "Bloody Thursday." The major attempt was launched
		Strike -- was an extremely important signal to the nation.
	www.ilwu19.com /history/bigstrike.htm (808 words)

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