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	Encyclopedia: 1937 in architecture
		See also: 1936 in architecture, other events of 1938, 1938 in architecture and the architecture timeline.
		See also: 1937 in architecture, other events of 1938, 1939 in architecture and the architecture timeline.
		Years in architecture Griffins plan for Canberra Walter Burley Griffin (November 24, 1876 - February 11, 1937), American architect, gained fame for his role in designing Canberra, Australias capital city.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/1937-in-architecture (399 words)

	Broome High School History Project
		Describes the construction of nine architectural feats around the world from their plans to their completion, explaining why they were built and providing color illustrations and cutaway diagrams.
		A non-technical introduction to architecture for the beginning undergraduate or educated amateur, outlining the basic elements of architectural structure, history, and criticism.
		Chronicles the development of architecture over a period of 3,500 years through an examination of fifty architectural masterpieces from around the world, each including annotated photographs that highlight the important features of the structure.
	www.spa3.k12.sc.us /Broome/arch.htm (2420 words)

	Architecture in Norway (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This is why monumental buildings are lacking and folk traditions have dominated architecture - especially in the use of wood, based on centuries of craftmanship and experience with the material.
		In 1905 several architectural contests were launched, and a major ground rule was the use of a Norwegian style.
		Architecturally, the Police Headquarters has been followed up by several similar structures in which a sub-division of the building's main body, as in the example with the open hand, creates open spaces which can be covered in glass.
	www.reisenett.no /facts/culture_science/architecture_in_norway.html (6366 words)

	Canadian Slavonic Papers: Blueprints and Blood: The Stalinization of Soviet Architecture, 1917-1937
		Hudson's illuminating discussion of the "Stalinization" of Soviet architecture is based on new research in the archives made available by perestroika.
		One notable example of the latter is the campaign against the Constructivist "disurbanist" architect Mikhail Okhitovich, who was victimized by the Union of Architects' Party Committee and accused of Trotskyism and denying "the genius of the working class." Arrested in 1935, Okhitovich died in the Gulag.
		For example, the discussion of the "Architectural Schools of Thought" promised in the title of chapter one amounts to an enumeration of artistic groups and individual projects.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3763/is_199609/ai_n8748774 (796 words)

	SRB Archives 5(2)
		Architecture is, after all, fundamental to all human societies and cultures through both time and space.
		Architecture is bound so closely to other cultural forms and processes, that it is exceedingly difficult to isolate as a separate phenomenon.
		Perhaps the real reason that the literature of architectural anthropology is so spotty is not because researchers haven't aimed high, but because they are often thwarted by the very complexity of the interrelationships they try to understand.
	www.chass.utoronto.ca /epc/srb/srb/architectural.html (2797 words)

	ArtLex on architecture
		Islamic tomb in a walled garden built for Shah Jahan's wife Mumatz Mahal [aka Arjuman Banu Begum], of bearing masonry and inlaid marble, with onion-shape domes and flanking towers, in Agra, India, seat of the Mughal Empire.
		"Architecture is the triumph of human imagination over materials, methods and men, to put man into possession of his own earth.
		Great Buildings Collection is a gateway to architecture from around the world and across history.
	www.artlex.com /ArtLex/a/architecture.html (2264 words)

	CONFRONTATION
		The 1937 Exposition Internationale confronted some of the most important dualisms that divided humanity against itself: the split between Paris and the provinces, between France and her colonies, between art and science, between socialism and capitalism, between Fascism and Democracy.
		The title of the 1937 exposition breaks down the real meaning inherent in the earlier term "universal" into its component parts: the nationalism inherent in the competition for prestige, the fundamental duality between the arts and technics, and the transforming power of art and science.
		The major architectural event of 1937– the official "spike" of the whole exposition– was to be a splendid new modern art museum.
	charon.sfsu.edu /publications/PARISEXPOSITIONS/1937EXPO.html (5695 words)

	Land Forum - Landscape Architecture, Garden Design, & Environmental Planning
		In the early 1980s I was employed in a landscape architecture firm located at West 40th Street and Fifth Avenue, overlooking Bryant Park.
		Consider the 50th Exhibition of the Architectural League of New York that hung at the galleries of the American Fine Arts Society, February 18 — 29, 1936.
		Therefore, it could be easily defended that the preservation of such primary character-defining features as the overall spatial organization, changes in elevation, the great lawn, and tree bosques, coupled with the repair and restoration of the ornamental fountain, stone and metal works, statuary, and other paving materials, successfully meets the Standards for Rehabilitation.
	www.spacemakerpress.com /lffall98/lfpage06.htm (1341 words)

	Art of Architecture: Modernism in Memphis
		The early propagandist of modern architecture were convinced that a century-old problem had been solved in their own times, that a genuine modern style rather than a revival of past forms had at last been achieved.
		By the mid-1960s, the issues facing architecture and architects emerged as minimal and unimaginative replicas of modern architecture’s seminal works; city planning by planning bureaucracies rather than thoughtful architects; and functional discipline of Modernism was co-opted by profit-driven real estate developers.
		In 1937, as evidence the domestic economy was on the upswing, The Firestone Tire and Rubber Plant opened a local plant in 1937 at the old Murray Wood Corporation Plant designed by Albert Kahn.
	www.memphisheritage.org /MHIHost/Read-ModernismInMemphis.html (10427 words)

	ARS285: Introduction to Architecture
		Excellent survey articles on major art and architecture movements, the art and architecture of countries and regions, and the life and work of individual artists and architects (e.g., Andrea Palladio, Francesco Borromini, Walter Gropius).
		These two databases cover all aspects of the visual arts including architecture, planning, interior design, and furnishings providing cover to cover indexing of over 400 periodicals published throughout the world.
		Covering architecture and related fields such as planning, landscape architecture, and interior design Avery Index provides regular access to approximately 1,000 periodicals from the 1930s (with selective coverage dating back to the 1860s) to the present.
	www.smith.edu /libraries/research/class/ars285gs_sp05.htm (563 words)

	1937 in architecture -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		1937 in architecture -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		(Click link for more info and facts about 1938 in architecture) 1938 in architecture and the
		(Click link for more info and facts about architecture timeline) architecture timeline.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/1/19/1937_in_architecture.htm (211 words)

	Renzo Piano
		The purpose of the Pritzker Architecture Prize is to honor annually a living architect whose built work demonstrates a combination of those qualities of talent, vision and commitment, which has produced consistent and significant contributions to humanity and the built environment through the art of architecture.
		The field of architecture was chosen by the Pritzker family because of their keen interest in building due to their involvement with developing the Hyatt Hotels around the world; also because architecture was a creative endeavor not included in the Nobel Prizes.
		Renzo Piano's architecture reflects that rare melding of art, architecture, and engineering in a truly remarkable synthesis, making his intellectual curiosity and problem-solving techniques as broad and far ranging as those earlier masters of his native land, Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo.
	www.pritzkerprize.com /98piano.htm (7411 words)

	F. E. and Oscar Ruffini: An Inventory of the Ruffini Collection at the Texas State Archives, [ca. 1877]-1937, undated ...
		This collection consists of architectural drawings, specifications, correspondence, photographs, printed material, legal documents, financial records, and an ink stamp, dating circa 1877-1937, undated (bulk 1883-1912, undated), belonging to F. (Frederick Ernst) and Oscar Ruffini, brothers who were architects in Austin and San Angelo, Texas.
		The series consists of architectural drawings, including renderings (some watercolors), floor plans, elevations, sections, details, and rough sketches circa 1878-1912, 1924, 1932 and undated (bulk circa 1880-1912, undated) created by F. and Oscar Ruffini, brothers who were architects in Austin and San Angelo, Texas.
		Architectural drawings by F. Ruffini, circa 1878-1885, and undated, consist of plans for courthouses, a city hall, school buildings, jails, piping for the Temporary State Capitol, insane asylum building additions, and commercial buildings.
	www.lib.utexas.edu /taro/tslac/40060/tsl-40060.html (4634 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Renzo Piano (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Renzo Piano (Genoa, 1937) studied architecture at the Polytechnic in Milan.
		His architecture reflects a clear understanding of climate, culture, and construction methods and materials, which work together in harmony to become a building of its own and not a trademark of the designer (such as the automatic association of Richard Meier and his white steel enamel panels).
		Architecture is, for him, the best way to express his ideas about education, politics, ethics and love.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/3823855840 (500 words)

	Utzon: Bio
		Influenced by architectural tradition, he attempts to create architecture for living that adheres to a strict structural and constructive process.
		He transcends architecture as art and develops his forms into poetic inventions that possess thoughtful programming, structural integrity and sculptural harmony.
		Utzon studied at the Copenhagen School of Architecture (1937-42) and then spent three years in Stockholm, where he came under the influence of the Swedish architect Erik Gunnar Asplund.
	www.lexised.com /architecture/utzon/bio.html (371 words)

	David M. Foxe: Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In the eyes of the architectural historians and critics, Dow's work was a battleground between the curious Wrightian designs of organic architecture, and the International Style that was gaining acceptance.
		Dow's architectural oeuvre was not, however, comprised of arrogant designs in distant locations; rather, he applied his excellent designs to small works that focused on improving the design quality of his home town and state.
		The Saunders site is #579 of the 616 architecturally significant places he has visited, photographed, and researched since April of 1996; his previous architectural writings include the interaction between Finnish architecture and cultural identity, Prairie architecture in Mason City (IA), and design guidelines for education spaces with respect to pedagogical technology trends.
	web.mit.edu /dmfoxe/www/saunders.htm (2628 words)

	Howard Schickler Fine Art - Russian Journals and Periodicals - Rare Books
		A collection of one hundred and five issues from the supplements of the Architectural Newspaper (publications of projects and recent buildings): 1935 (Issues # 1-4, 6, 7, 9-52, 54-66, 68-72) 1937 (Issues # 2, 7, 8, 17-19, 26-28, 30, 32, 34, 37, 48, 50, 52, 54-56, 58-64, 66-69).
		With articles and essays on artistic movements and their development in the USSR and other countries, as well as reproductions of drawings, photographs, architectural designs and photomontages.
		In September, 1933, Mossoviet announced the creation of a series of architectural design studios to work on projects for different areas and schemes across the city, in conjunction with the 1935 General Plan for Moscow.
	www.schicklerart.com /rare/russian_journals.html (2480 words)

	FILM CHARLOTTE PERRIAND
		She began in his studio in 1927 as associate for interior equipment and to study architecture.
		Completely opposed to academic architecture and decoration, Le Corbusier had a global approach ; to go from the human being, from the inside of a dwelling, towards architecture and urban design, taking the total environment into consideration.
		From l927 to 1937, she designed the interiors of Le Corbusier and Jeanneret buildings - the Laroche and Church town houses, the Swiss student pavillion, the Salvation Army hostel etc - Together with them, she participated in the most important international exhibits of the period as well as in the CIAM and in the UAM.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/barsac/PAG711CP.htm (947 words)

	Melnikov, Konstantin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Although he initially studied painting when he entered the school in 1905, he studied architecture from 1912 until he completed his studies in 1917.
		He attempted to reach an acceptable architectural solution that could be considered a blending of both Classicism and "Leftist modernism".
		In 1933 Melnikov became the chief designer of a Moscow studio, but his growing intolerance of Soviet bureaucracy led to his expulsion from architecture in 1937.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/M/Melnikov/Melnikov.htm (203 words)

	Dunsmuir Flats
		The four attached apartment flats were designed by Gregory Ain in 1937.
		Ain's architecture is characterized by a complete absence of ornament and by forms in which effects of mass and weight are minimized for the sake of an effect of pure volume.
		Ain tells us that the "reactions by house hunters, unacquainted with 'modern architecture,' were interesting.
	rogershepherd.com /WIW/solution7/ain1.html (188 words)

	ArchitectureWeek - Culture - 2001.0314
		In the heart of Europe, Brno is proud of its architectural reminders of the past, many of which are being revitalized today.
		In a 20-month project that culminated in October 2000, Seattle architect Grant Gustafson, AIA took responsibility for the disposition of the remains of the late Bruce Goff — eighteen years after the death of the unique teacher and self-taught, iconoclastic architect.
		Gustafson designed a marker, secured funding for it and a burial plot, and brought together Goff aficionados to pay a tribute to the master as he was laid among other greats of 20th century architecture.
	www.architectureweek.com /2001/0314/culture.html (350 words)

	Extra Ordinary Every Day: Bauhaus Collection History
		Walter Gropius, for instance, founder and first Director of the Bauhaus, had been at Harvard as a Professor of Architecture and chairman of the Department of Architecture since 1937.
		Lazlo Moholy-Nagy founded the "New Bauhaus" in Chicago in 1937 (eventually to be absorbed by the Illinois Institute of Technology).
		There were class notes, student exercises, pamphlets, photographs (mostly documentary but many were examples of the art of photography), wall paper, furniture, metal and wood work, architectural designs, textiles and typography.
	www.artmuseums.harvard.edu /sites/eoed/history.html (798 words)

	New Books M - Z (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Mark's : the art and architecture of church and state in Venice / edited by Ettore Vio ; [translation, Huw Evans].
		Classical Greek architecture : the construction of the modern / Alexander Tzonis, Phoebe Giannisi.
		Architecture and modern life, by Baker Brownell and Frank Lloyd Wright...
	www.library.wwu.edu /ref/newbooks/archives/dec04m_z.htm (8711 words)

	Taliesin West tours popular in summer
		Tours at the site continue to be the group's primary revenue source and have particular appeal in the warmer season, when smaller numbers allow for more focused treks through the winter camp Frank Lloyd Wright founded for his architecture fellowship in 1937.
		Many of Taliesin West's resident architects, apprentices and artists by now have made their annual migration to the original Taliesin in Wisconsin, but the diminished bustle makes it easier to access the sprawling studio, campus and residential complex north of Cactus Road and Frank Lloyd Wright Boulevard.
		Overview of the importance of architecture in daily life, showing how Wright used math, science and patterns of nature.
	www.azcentral.com /community/scottsdale/articles/0521sr-taliesin21Z8.html (311 words)

	Environmental Design Archives Descriptive Narratives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Joseph Esherick graduated from the University of Pennsylvania with a degree in architecture in 1937.
		Esherick opened his San Francisco architectural firm in 1946 and was a major influence on residential design in the Bay Area.
		A Fellow of the American Institute of Architects, he founded the firm Esherick, Homsey, Dodge and Davis (EHDD) and was awarded the AIA Gold Medal in 1989.
	www.ced.berkeley.edu /cedarchives/profiles/esherick.htm (206 words)

	Vassar College Art Library
		Signed articles written by 375 scholars, include extensive descriptions of architecture, with historical summaries and museum holdings.
		IV, antiquitées, is most valuable for archaeolgists and art historians.
		"A quarterly author and subject index to publications in the fields of archaeology, architecture, art history, arts and crafts, city planning, fine arts, graphic arts, industrial design, interior design, landscape design, photography and films, and related subjects"
	artlibrary.vassar.edu /220.bib.html (1264 words)

	Noted Architect Donates His Personal Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		he William R. Jenkins Architecture and Art Library received a substantial and welcome gift in June of 1998, when Lloyd G. Borget, Fellow of the American Institute of Architects and a long-time partner in the distinguished Houston Architectural Firm of MacKie and Kamrath, donated his extensive personal library of 537 architecture and art books.
		Borget was born in Winnepeg, Canada, in 1913 and earned his Bachelor of Architecture degree in 1937 from the University of Minnesota.
		Borget's love of architecture and books is evident in his collection.
	info.lib.uh.edu /dev/libed/1999/summer/borget.htm (228 words)

	Hudson, H.D., Jr.: Blueprints and Blood: The Stalinization of Soviet Architecture, 1917-1937.
		Hudson, H.D., Jr.: Blueprints and Blood: The Stalinization of Soviet Architecture, 1917-1937.
		Using formerly secret Party archives made available by perestroika, Hudson finds in the rediscovered theoretical work of the avant-garde architects a new understanding of their aims.
		Hudson's provocative work offers evidence that in spite of the ultimate success of the Stalinists, the Bolshevik Revolution was not monolithic: at one time it offered real architectural and human alternatives to the Terror.
	www.uni-muenster.de /PeaCon/stadt/5300.htm (225 words)

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