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Topic: 1984 Canadian incumbents

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	Salvation Army/Armée du Salut (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		It was not until 1969 that the Canadian Staff Band was reconstituted, with full-time officers from national headquarters and laymen from central Ontario corps bands.
		The Canadian Staff Band toured Britain in 1974, 1983, and 1990, Europe in 1979, Switzerland and Norway in 1987, and New Zealand and Australia in 1985; the Staff Band released 17 recordings 1969-91.
		Canadian composers represented in the band music journals include Eric Abbott, Norman Audoire, Morley Calvert, James Merritt, Percy Merritt, and Kenneth Rawlins.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0003096 (1224 words)

	PRQ98
		Canadian courts have generally been sympathetic to plans that insure representation of geographic "communities of interest", even when this has meant overrepresentation of rural areas and underrepresentation of urban areas.
		In time periods where an incumbent candidate running did have an effect, the effects went from a modest 4-5 percent to a more substantial 15 percent greater probability that a woman was elected if no incumbent was running.
		Canadian provinces and U.S. states where women have done well in the past tend to be where they continue to do well.
	www.uh.edu /~pols1oj/PoReQu98.html (7483 words)

	New Democratic Party - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In the Canadian House of Commons, it represents the left wing of the Canadian political spectrum while the Liberal and Conservative parties represent the centre and right wings, respectively.
		The Liberals were reelected to the 38th Canadian parliament, though this time as a minority government.
		Unlike other Canadian parties, the NDP is integrated with its provincial and territorial parties, such that a member of a provincial or territorial NDP is ipso facto a member of the federal NDP.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/NDP (1990 words)

	CBC News - Viewpoint: Robert Vipond (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In October, 1999, he was appointed Director of the Centre for the Study of the United States (CSUS) at the university.
		For those who want to believe that this campaign was unlike any other, it is equally chastening to note that this campaign has unfolded in a way that is completely typical.
		Incumbents have significant electoral advantages, and they use the campaign to exploit those advantages (e.g.
	www.cbc.ca /news/viewpoint/vp_uselection/vipond_20041028.html (1134 words)

	Purcell String Quartet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Important Canadian ensemble founded in 1968 and active until 1991.
		The viola and cello chairs each had two incumbents: Streatfeild was succeeded in 1969 by Philippe Etter, and Hampton was replaced in 1989 by Heather Hay.
		In the 1980s it also played concerts in other Canadian cities and toured in the USSR (1980), Cuba, Mexico, and Florida (1986), Japan (1987) and France and Great Britain (1989).
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0002889 (703 words)

	Canadian Society of Agronomy History of
		A document entitled "The Canadian Society of Agronomy: A history of its first 20 years" was prepared in the mid-1970's by the late Dr. W.J. White, former Dean of Agriculture at the University of Saskatchewan.
		In this presentation, information on the Canadian Society of Agronomy (CSA) up until 1974 was taken from Dr. White's document, while information for the 1975-1995 period was obtained from minutes of CSA annual meetings and newsletters.
		After 1925, the WCSA met with the Canadian Society of Technical Agriculturalists (CSTA), the forerunner of the Agricultural Institute of Canada (AIC), in alternate years when meetings were held in western Canada.
	www.agronomycanada.com /history.html (1638 words)

	[No title]
		The cliché is one that political incumbents have had to put up with much too long from newspaper writers, who don’t know any better.
		Incumbent council members Henry Marcle, Teddy Runyon and James Atwell all permitted a Tuesday, Jan. 3 deadline for filing for re-election to pass without any indication they would run again.
		Joy Snell, of Sebastian, a member of the Sebastian Division of the Indian River County Volunteer Ambulance Squad, was appointed to the Emergency Medical Council for a on-year term, and Humana Hospital Sebastian Administrator Mitchell Smith as appointed to a two-year term.
	sebastianlibrary.com /sun/1984/ss840100.txt (22471 words)

	RCR - REPORT OF JAMES C. MILLER, III
		Another contrived advantage is the ability of incumbents to pressure donors for campaign contributions when there is little evidence of challenge, and to carry over these resources from election to election, continually growing their reserves in order to ward off any potential challenge.
		In sum, an incumbent knows that additional spending on his or her own campaign will be of marginal value in increasing votes (or vote margin), but that spending by an opponent will have a dramatic, threatening effect.
		Incumbents have a considerable advantage here: they have taxpayer-paid press spokesmen; they make news, and thus have more access to the media; and they have access to "inside information," which they communicate to, and curry favor with, the press.
	www.realcampaignreform.org /miller_rpt.htm (8190 words)

	Fraser Institute Archived Information
		In 1984 and 1988, Conservative candidates were closest to the limit, and it was their turn to declare the greater share of personal expenses.
		Incumbents may be reelected more often than challengers simply because they are better at their jobs and voters are happy with things as they are.
		Incumbents will like limits even if they can raise twice as much but challenger spending is only twice as potent; vote margins will not be affected but incumbents will spend less.
	oldfraser.lexi.net /publications/books/regulation (20839 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The 2006 Canadian federal election (more formally, the 39th General Election) was held on January 23, 2006, to elect members of the 39th Parliament of the Canadian House of Commons.
		In accordance with Canadian constitutional practice, she consented (such a request has only been turned down once in Canadian history), officially beginning an election campaign that had been simmering for months.
		Many of the candidates were also the same: fewer incumbents chose to leave than if they had served a full term, and the parties have generally blocked challenges to sitting MPs for the duration of the minority government, although there had been some exceptions.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Canadian_federal_election,_2006 (3243 words)

	1994 Stakes High for Congressional Democrats (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Incumbents always are uneasy in off-year elections, in which candidates of the incumbent president's party often take a beating.
		Among incumbents in those contested seats are five Democrats and three Republicans who are not running for re-election.
		However, even a Republican sweep would be unlikely to persuade the Clinton administration to change its Middle East course, which is guided by the wishes of the incumbent (any incumbent) government in Israel, its Washington, DC lobby, and perceptions of the general consensus among American Jewish supporters of Israel.
	www.washington-report.org /backissues/0794/9407041.htm (1031 words)

	Canadian incumbents by year - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is a list of Canadian incumbents in any given year.
		This includes cabinet ministers, provincial premiers, lieutenant governors, mayors, Supreme Court justices, religious leaders, and others.
		1990 - 1989 - 1988 - 1987 - 1986 - 1985 - 1984 - 1983 - 1982 - 1981
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Canadian_incumbents_by_year (326 words)

	Canadian federal election, 2004 Biography,info
		The Canadian federal election, 2004 (more formally, the 38th General Election), was held on June 28, 2004 to elect members of the 38th Parliament of the Canadian House of Commons.
		Voter turnout nationwide was 60.9%, the lowest ever in Canadian history [1], with 13,683,570 out of 22,466,621 registered voters casting their ballots.
		This fear prompted those two parties to form a united Conservative Party of Canada, which was approved by the members of the Canadian Alliance on December 5, 2003 and controversially by the delegates of the Progressive Conservatives on December 6, 2003.
	www.parsnava.com /biography/sdmc_Canadian_federal_election,_2004 (2556 words)

	Canadian Election--6/28 Live Thread (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Conservative incumbent Rex Barnes (then, a member of one of the two parties that merged to form the Conservative Party of Canada, the Progressive Conservative Party) squeaked by his Liberal party counterpart by 721 votes in a 2002 by-election.
		Incumbent Scott Brison was elected as a Progressive Conservative in 2000, but refused to join the new Conservative party and joined the Liberal caucus in 2003.
		Conservative incumbent Peter MacKay was elected as a Progressive Conservative in 2000, in part due to a promise that he would not negotiate a merger with the Canadian Alliance.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1161511/posts (5386 words)

	RAPTORS: Raptors Add Helm, Triano In Coaching Staff Reorganization
		Triano, 44, becomes the first Canadian born and Canadian trained coach in the NBA.
		In 1981, he was drafted by the Los Angeles Lakers in the eighth round of the NBA Draft and by the Calgary Stampeders in the sixth round of the CFL Draft.
		He played for the Canadian national basketball team for 11 years and was team captain from 1981-88.
	www.nba.com /raptors/news/new_coaches_PR_020923.html (681 words)

	mainmenu.jpg
		Early in 1984, the Fraternity adopted a definitive statement on hazing.
		Planning for the 1984 Province Conventions was accomplished at the now annual Supreme Council meeting in Mt. Prospect, Illinois, on March 30 and 31, 1984.
		The Board of Trustees of the Fraternity, in its January 14, 1984, meeting, had expressed interest in having some of its interest monies used as a Scholarship Fund for undergraduate members of the Fraternity.
	www.sigphi.org /cybercastle/history1974-1984.asp (2798 words)

	Culture Craze (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Date: Jan 23, 2006 - 04:00 PM Sometimes, an election is really just a referendum on whether or not to throw out a government.
		It happened at the federal level in 1993 when the Conservatives were obliterated, and in 1984 when voters humbled the Liberals.
		When governments are tossed out of office, issues are often secondary to the public's lust to punish incumbents.
	www.culturecraze.ca /print-1945.html (137 words)

	Shofar FTP Archives: orgs/canadian/western-unity-movement/the-zundel-affair
		The Canadian Holocaust Remembrance Association had played a significant role in the imposition of an interim mail ban on November 13, 1981, a prohibitory order that was repealed almost a year later.[3] Mrs.
		The acquittal might also have been another example of the Canadian penchant for compromise; having convicted Zundel on the second and more significant charge, the jurors were able to afford some measure of magnanimity.
		Zundel and the Jewish Community In the spring of 1981, Zundel applied to the Canadian Jewish Congress for the advertised position of director of the Holocaust Documentation Bank Project (designed to document extensively the memories of Canadian survivors).
	www.vex.net /~nizkor/ftp.py?orgs/canadian/western-unity-movement/the-zundel-affair (9371 words)

	Timeline of Canadian history - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		See also: Timeline of Ontario history, Timeline of Quebec history, Canadian incumbents by year
		1980s: 1980 - 1981 - 1982 - 1983 - 1984 - 1985 - 1986 - 1987 - 1988 - 1989
		Timeline of Canadian history, Pre-Confederation Timeline, Post-Confederation Timeline, Books, Years in Canada, Nation timelines and Canada-related lists.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Timeline_of_Canadian_history (737 words)

	New Perspectives and Evidence on Political Communication and Campaign Effects
		This is the repeated cross section in which interviews are carried out sufficiently frequently (on a daily basis) to yield reliable weekly or biweekly national samples that span the entire life of the campaign.
		Franklin's study of U.S. Senate campaigns found that voters were more precise in their perceptions of their incumbent senator's position on a liberal-conservative scale when exposed to a senatorial campaign featuring the incumbent (Franklin, 1993).
		In short, when studying campaigns of differential loudness, the interactions that define campaign effects become more complex; voters' preferences become a function of the volume/intensity of the contestants' appeals, voters' partisan preferences, and their level of exposure to the campaign.
	www.stanford.edu /~siyengar/research/papers/effectsreview.html (7314 words)

	ICPSR Data Files - U of Calgary
		Interviews were conducted in-person prior to the 1984 election, and in the post-election wave, half of the respondents were randomly assigned to be reinterviewed in person, and the other half to be reinterviewed by telephone using a shortened version of the questionnaire.
		Continuous Monitoring, January 11, 1984 through December 31, 1984 (Part 3) was designed to examine the impact of the election campaign on voters' perceptions, beliefs, and preferences.
		Data collected for the sophomore cohort second follow-up differ substantially from data collected for the first follow-up since by 1984 the majority of respondents were out of high school and enrolled in postsecondary school, working, or looking for work.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~landru/adc/icpsr.html (8524 words)

	briarpatch magazine » Strategic voting: it’s just plain nonsense (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In Regina-Qu’Appelle, incumbent NDP MP Lorne Nystrom was defeated by a Conservative.
		If voters in these 12 ridings had voted with their conscience and elected New Democrats, the Liberals and the NDP combined would have had enough seats to operate a working and stable minority government.
		In 1984 election, the year Mulroney was elected, NDP support dropped to 18.8 per cent.
	briarpatchmagazine.com /news/?p=90 (913 words)

	ASA December 1996 Newsletter
		Moreover, it appears that the Democrats now have broken the GOP's stronghold on the electoral college that was evident in the presidential elections of 1980, 1984 and 1988.
		Basically, 1996 turned out to be the year of the incumbent, with 94 percent of congressional incumbents as well as the President being re-elected.
		In the House, only seven incumbents who received ASAPAC dollars were defeated, along with eight open-seat candidates and five candidates challenging incumbents.
	www.asahq.org /Newsletters/1996/12_96/Feature1.html (1465 words)

	ANES > Reference Library > The ANES Bibliography - M (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Inspected by #1184063113: The Influence of Incumbent's Competence and Integrity in U.S. House Elections.
		The Impact of Incumbents' Levels of Competence and Integrity in the 1994 and 1996 U.S. House Elections.
		Stanley, Harold W. The 1984 Presidential Election in the South: Race and Realignment.
	www.umich.edu /~nes/resources/biblio/bib_m.htm (11395 words)

	List of Canadian Prime Ministers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		While there is a long standard tradition of considering John A. Macdonald Canada's first Prime Minister, since he was prime minister after Canadian Confederation, a number of modern scholars, foremost amongst them John Ralston Saul, argue that Robert Baldwin and Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine are truly Canada's first Prime Ministers.
		They were the first to govern the Province of Canada (consisting then of only Canada East and Canada West — modern Ontario and Quebec) as democratically elected leaders.
		For more lists of this type, see Lists of incumbents.
	www.gogoglo.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/l/li/list_of_canadian_prime_ministers.html (109 words)

	P101L11
		By 1984, GOP strategists feared a gender gap would hamper Reagan’s reelection, but that year both sexes voted heavily for Reagan (although there was a 9 percent gap between the sexes).
		In 1980 and 1984, the Republicans controlled the Senate and presidency, but not the House.
		An approval of the incumbent administration is possibly a reaffirmation of support.
	a-s.clayton.edu /trachtenberg/p1101l11.htm (4941 words)

	Science Fiction Writer Robert J. Sawyer: Northern Dreamers
		Illegal Alien are both set in the States, but still have major Canadian content; I had to set them in the States because Canada is just too nice a country for the stories I wanted to tell.
		I've read twice at Harbourfront, I was keynote speaker at the 1997 annual meeting of the Canadian Authors Association, I'm profiled in Canadian Who's Who, and my books are taught at many Canadian universities in courses offered by departments as diverse as English, Astronomy, and Philosophy.
		I was stunned by the utter lack of professionalism of most aspirant Canadian writers.
	www.sfwriter.com /aredo.htm (4601 words)

	Rx for Earth
		Today is perilously close to our last chance to understand what the weapons are, what our leaders intend to do with them, and what will happen if this madness continues.
		Both superpowers have justified huge nuclear weapons budgets as necessary for "defense." However, as of 1984, approximately 90% of U.S. nuclear weapons are aimed at military targets in the Soviet Union (and we can assume that the Russians have a similar deployment).
		Canadian subs: 1 year, $15.50 (includes postage and GST).
	www.motherearthnews.com /library/1984_November_December/Rx_for_Earth (6838 words)

	Fruits and Votes » Canada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		How refreshing that districts are not drawn by the incumbents, but by an independent boundaries commission, such that the incumbent government can actually lose districts.
		And, of course, the incumbent government, upon the recommendation of an independent Commission on Legislative Democracy that it appointed in December, 2003, has set a referendum for next spring on exactly that.
		The incumbent party lost seats but may remain in office unless the other two join against it when it faces parliament the first time.
	fruitsandvotes.com /?cat=35 (5764 words)

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