1986 in spaceflight - Factbites

1986 in spaceflight - Factbites
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Topic: 1986 in spaceflight

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	Voskhod spacecraft Information
		Human spaceflight is space exploration with a human crew and possibly passengers, which is in contrast to robotic space probes or remotely-controlled unmanned space missions.
		human spaceflight The craft consisted of a spherical descent module (mass 2.46 tonnes, diameter 2.3 meters), which housed the cosmonaut, instruments and escape system, and a conical instrument module (mass 2.27 tonnes, 2.25 m long, 2.43 m wide), which contained propellant and the engine system.
		The first human spaceflight was Vostok 1 on April 12, 1961; Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin made one orbit around the earth.
	voskhod.spacecraft.en.ogarnij.net (9998 words)

	iqexpand.com
		List of astronauts by name List of astronauts by selection Timeline of astronauts by nationality List of human spaceflights: 1961-1986, 1987-1999, 2000-present.
		List of human spaceflights List of human spaceflights chronologically X-15 program Astronaut List of astronauts by name Timeline of astronauts by nationality List of space disasters Interplanetary travel Ham...
		Since the first spaceflight by the Soviet Union, astronauts who were citizens of 32 countries have flown into space.
	timeline_of_astronauts_by_nationality.iqexpand.com /index.php?title=Spaceflight_records&action=edit (315 words)

	Pyotr Klimuk: Information From Answers.com
		From 1976 he became involved in the Intercosmos and made his third and final spaceflight on an Intercosmos flight with Polish cosmonaut Mirosław Hermaszewski on Soyuz 30.
		He is the author of two books on human spaceflight: Beside the Stars, and Attack on Weightlessness.
		He was made an honorary citizen of the cities of Kaluga, Gagarin, and Dzhezkasgan.
	big5.xinhuanet.com /gate/big5/www.answers.com/topic/pyotr-klimuk (320 words)

	Spaceflight - Spaceflight
		We have compiled many new Spaceflight resources to help you find the Spaceflight your looking for.
		For your convenience, we've gathered hundreds of Web Sites Offering information about "spaceflight" and ranked them according to relevancy.
		Introduction to Space: The Science of Spaceflight (Orbit, a Foundation Series) (Orbit, a Foundation Series)
	calloway.bloggerus.com /Spaceflight (250 words)

	Category:human Spaceflight - Category:Human spaceflight
		The main article for this category is Human spaceflight.
		We have compiled many new Category:Human spaceflight resources to help you find the Category:Human spaceflight your looking for.
		Searching for Category:Human spaceflight information can be tough.
	francishearn02.clubblogs.com /Category:Human_spaceflight (88 words)

	A&G Spaceflight Paper
		It is true that there is currently a grey area where the manned and unmanned budgets sometimes have to compete for funds within NASA, and that there has been a history of cost overruns in the former decreasing provision for the latter (Van Allen 1986).
		For example, although it is true that three unmanned Soviet space probes (Lunas 16, 20 and 24) successfully collected 321 g of lunar material in the 1970s, it is notable that this was less than 0.1% of the amount returned by the Apollo missions.
		However, while the fundamental scientific contributions of unmanned space probes are now universally acknowledged, arguments continue about the scientific role of people in space.
	www.star.ucl.ac.uk /~iac/spaceflight.html (88 words)

	Space Today Online - X Prize experimental private manned space rockets
		Burt's brother, Dick, and Jeana Yeager flew the Voyager aircraft on the first-ever, non-stop, unrefueled flight around the world in 9 days 3 minutes 44 seconds between December 14 and December 23, 1986.
		The prize was awarded by the X Prize Foundation to the team that designed the first private spaceship that successfully carried the equivalent weight of three human beings to a sub-orbital altitude of 100 km (62.14 miles) on two consecutive flights within two weeks.
		To win the $10 million Ansari X Prize, a private spacecraft had to be the first to carry the weight equivalent of three people to an altitude of 62.14 miles twice within two weeks.
	www.spacetoday.org /Rockets/X_Prize.html (2270 words)

	RedStar Productions Presents ..... Welcome to New Mexico, Nancy Red Star Web Site News Links
		If this can be done in a practical way, then the energy available to a space traveler could be essentially unlimited, eliminating the need for an on board fuel supply [Froning, 1986].
		Opinions on the practicality of interstellar travel diverge, but the negative and positive opinions are seen to stem primarily from the differences in background of those people doing the studies.
		SETI researchers think that the degree of dispersion of stars throughout the galaxy, combined with the limitations of interstellar travel as we understand general relativity, effectively preclude the feasibility of extraterrestrial visitation, thus believing that any extraterrestrial intelligence would only be transmitting their love and good wishes to us.
	www.nancyredstar.com /newslinks/puthoff.htm (7046 words)

	Why man instead of machine? csmonitor.com
		Yet for many spaceflight supporters, what appears to be a shrinking list of reasons to put humans in space may instead reflect a shift in emphasis as global conditions change.
		OPTIONS: Spaceflight analysts are debating the value of manned missions such as Buzz Aldrin's 1969 moonwalk (left) vs. robotic probes like this model of the Mars rover (right).
		And their objective - to finish building a scaled-down international space station whose utility will fall far short of the original vision - is not as awe-inspiring as the rovers now charting Mars or images of "the pillars of creation" - star nurseries - from the Hubble Space Telescope.
	www.christiansciencemonitor.com /2005/0707/p14s02-stss.html (7046 words)

	Why man instead of machine? csmonitor.com
		Yet for many spaceflight supporters, what appears to be a shrinking list of reasons to put humans in space may instead reflect a shift in emphasis as global conditions change.
		Even without the cold war, the ideological symbolism of manned spaceflight cannot be ignored, adds Robert Zubrin, president of the Mars Society.
		OPTIONS: Spaceflight analysts are debating the value of manned missions such as Buzz Aldrin's 1969 moonwalk (left) vs. robotic probes like this model of the Mars rover (right).
	www.csmonitor.com /2005/0707/p14s02-stss.html (1996 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| STS-97 \| Pilot Mike Bloomfield
		From 1983 until 1986, he served as a combat ready pilot and instructor pilot in the F-15 at Holloman AFB, New Mexico.
		He completed Undergraduate Pilot Training at Vance Air Force Base (AFB), Oklahoma, in 1983, and was selected to fly the F-15.
		Bloomfield will serve as pilot on the crew of STS-97, the fifth Space Shuttle mission dedicated to the assembly of the International Space Station.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /ops/stage4a/crew/bloomfield.html (643 words)

	Chronology of early astronomy,mechanics and spaceflight
		1986, 14 December---"Voyager" airplane, designed by Burt Rutan and flown by his brother Dick and by Jeanna Yaeger, circles the Earth nonstop, without refueling.
		--> For a timeline of the exploration of the
		1892 1905 1916 1939 1949 1957 1962 1969 1986
	www-spof.gsfc.nasa.gov /stargaze/Stimelin.htm (4087 words)

	Space exploration - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		From a spaceflight perspective, the definition of space usually used is that space begins 100 km (62 miles) above Earth's surface.
		Supporters of human space travel state that this is irrelevant, because its real value lies in providing a focal point for national prestige and patriotism.
		The first orbital flight made by a human being was Vostok 1, carrying Yuri Gagarin on April 12 1961.
	arikah.net /encyclopedia/Space_exploration (1474 words)

	The world's top list of space disasters websites
		The history of spaceflight has been marred by a number of tragedies that resulted in the deaths of the astronauts or ground crew.
		The first US in-flight fatalities came on January 28 1986 when the space shuttle Challenger was destroyed 73 seconds after launch.
		On March 23, 1961, Valentin Bondarenko became the first space-related casualty of all while undergoing training in a special low-pressure chamber with a pure oxygen atmosphere.
	www.websbiggest.com /wiki-article-tab.cfm/list_of_space_disasters (1854 words)

	Reinhard Furrer: Information From Answers.com
		After his spaceflight he became a professor in 1987 as well as the Director of the Institute of Space Sciences at the Free University of Berlin.
		He earned his pilot license in 1974, doing several long distance trips with one engine planes - including a flight over the inland ice of Greenland in 1979 and a solo flight from Germany to Quito, Ecuador in 1981.
	big5.xinhuanet.com /gate/big5/www.answers.com/topic/reinhard-furrer (437 words)

	Life support system: Encyclopedia topic
		The life support system is a group of devices that allow a human being to survive in an environment hostile to human life, eg.
		For life support in medicine, see Life support (Life support: Medical equipment that assists or replaces important bodily functions and so enables a patient to live who otherwise might not survive).
		Spaceflight life support and biospherics by Peter Eckart.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/life_support_system (225 words)

	SPACE.com -- Remembering Challenger: Shuttle Disaster and Others Refocus NASA
		The space shuttle Challenger STS-51L spaceflight ended in tragedy on Jan. 28, 1986 73 seconds after liftoff.
		Some space experts believe that, statistically, another spaceflight accident will occur in the future, forcing NASA or other space agency to once again take a close look at the processes and the risks involved in human spaceflight.
		The very public loss of Challenger and Columbia were vivid reminders of the risks inherent to human spaceflight, astronauts said.
	www.space.com /news/060127_challenger_anniversary.html (1330 words)

	N.A.S.A and its Crashes
		On her second spaceflight, on January 28, 1986, Resnik died with six other crew members in the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger.
		An experienced jet pilot and veteran of one successful space shuttle mission, Scobee was the commander of the space shuttle Challenger when it was destroyed in a midair explosion shortly after takeoff on January 28, 1986.
		The crew“mission commander Francis R. Scobee; pilot Michael J. Smith; mission specialists Ronald E. McNair, Ellison S. Onizuka, and Judith A. Resnik; and payload specialists Gregory B. Jarvis and Christa McAuliffe, a high school teacher from New Hampshire“died in the accident.
	www.stclement.pvt.k12.il.us /StudentWeb/7cg2k1/joe/NASACrashes.html (876 words)

	N.A.S.A and its Crashes
		On her second spaceflight, on January 28, 1986, Resnik died with six other crew members in the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger.
		An experienced jet pilot and veteran of one successful space shuttle mission, Scobee was the commander of the space shuttle Challenger when it was destroyed in a midair explosion shortly after takeoff on January 28, 1986.
		The crew“mission commander Francis R. Scobee; pilot Michael J. Smith; mission specialists Ronald E. McNair, Ellison S. Onizuka, and Judith A. Resnik; and payload specialists Gregory B. Jarvis and Christa McAuliffe, a high school teacher from New Hampshire“died in the accident.
	www.stclement.pvt.k12.il.us /StudentWeb/7cg2k1/joe/NASACrashes.html (876 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Stardust \| Other comet missions
		It successfully executed a flyby of comet Giacobini-Zinner in 1985 and comet Halley in 1986.
		An international armada of robotic spacecraft flew out to greet Halley's Comet during its return in 1986.
		Comet Halley as seen by the European Giotto spacecraft in 1986.
	spaceflightnow.com /stardust/031230othermissions.html (603 words)

	Salon.com Technology Spaced out
		The international partnership seemed to breathe new life into the concept of human spaceflight.
		When space shuttle Challenger disintegrated during launch in January 1986, the naysayers came out again, and at the time I was one of them.
		The development of the space shuttle in 1981 didn't bring back Apollo-era public support for manned spaceflight.
	www.salon.com /tech/feature/2003/02/05/space_flight (1501 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| Astronaut Hall of Fame inducts 2004 class
		Represented by his wife, June Scobee, the late Francis "Dick" Scobee, commander of the ill-fated 1986 Challenger mission, is inducted into the Astronaut Hall of Fame by Barbara Morgan, the back-up teacher-in-space for the STS-51L mission.
		Scobee was aboard Challenger again on January 28, 1986, this time as commander with six crewmates, when it lifted off on a frigid day.
		Scobee was the pilot aboard Challenger in 1984 on the world's first mission to repair a satellite in orbit.
	spaceflightnow.com /news/n0405/01ahof2004 (1375 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| 2004 Astronaut Hall of Fame honorees announced
		Scobee was aboard Challenger again on January 28, 1986, this time as commander with six crewmates, when it lifted off on a frigid day.
		The first American woman to walk in space, the Hubble Space Telescope repair mission commander, the first African-American to command a spaceship, the first American to occupy Russia's Mir space station, and the commander of the 1986 ill-fated Challenger 51-L have been chosen for 2004 induction in the Astronaut Hall of Fame.
		Scobee was the pilot aboard Challenger in 1984 on the world's first mission to repair a satellite in orbit.
	spaceflightnow.com /news/n0401/20ahof (1390 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| Moon of Uranus is demoted
		The discovery of S/1986 U 10 in 1999 made it at the time the 18th moon of Uranus, tying it with Saturn with the most in the solar system.
		The IAU indicated they would reevaluate S/1986 U 10's status as a potential moon of Uranus after the Hubble Space Telescope attempts to obtain an image of the moon.
		The object appeared to be in nearly the same orbit as another moon, Belinda, about 75,000 km from Uranus.
	spaceflightnow.com /news/n0112/31uranusmoon (728 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| Astronaut Hall of Fame inducts 2004 class
		Represented by his wife, June Scobee, the late Francis "Dick" Scobee, commander of the ill-fated 1986 Challenger mission, is inducted into the Astronaut Hall of Fame by Barbara Morgan, the back-up teacher-in-space for the STS-51L mission.
		Scobee was aboard Challenger again on January 28, 1986, this time as commander with six crewmates, when it lifted off on a frigid day.
		Scobee was the pilot aboard Challenger in 1984 on the world's first mission to repair a satellite in orbit.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /news/n0405/01ahof2004 (1380 words)

	Recommended
		Furniss, Tim, Manned Spaceflight Log, Jane's, London, 1986.
		Summary of all manned spaceflights up to 1986.
		Von Braun's plans for a reusable space shuttle, an earth orbit space station, and a manned lunar orbiter are presented to the American public for the first time, made real by Bonestells' paintings.
	www.astronautix.com /articles/recended.htm (8275 words)

	Charles Edward Jones biography .ms
		Charles Edward (" Chuck ") Jones ( November 8, 1952 - September 11, 2001) was a computer programmer, a Manned Spaceflight Engineer, and a payload specialist for the Space Shuttle.
		He entered NASA 's astronaut group in 1982, and was scheduled to fly on mission STS-71-B in December 1986, but the mission was cancelled after the Challenger Disaster in January 1986.
	charles-jones.biography.ms (8275 words)

	Welcome to Carlow International
		Carlow personnel have been applying HFE to maritime and offshore systems, manned spaceflight (for every manned spaceflight program since the Mercury Project), aircraft systems, transportation systems, information systems, consumer products, pharmaceutical plants, medical systems and devices, and systems and equipment for the aged and disabled.
		• Carlow conducted the research that led to the adoption of the high center mounted brake light on all passenger vehicles sold in the US after 1986.
		• Carlow is currently developing caregiver protocols and training to maximize the independence and autonomy of Alzheimers patients, for the national Institute on Aging.
	www.carlow.com (391 words)

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