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Topic: 1991 in South Africa

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	Wide Angle . Road to Riches . Handbook: Transforming South African Industries \| PBS
		South Africa's telecommunications networks were built and maintained by the state-run Department of Posts and Telecommunications.
		Under the authority of this government agency, and therefore subject to the principles of racial discrimination, South Africa's telecommunications infrastructure was constructed primarily to serve its white population.
		As South Africa moves into its second decade of democracy, correcting the inequalities left behind by apartheid, improving the living standards of its poor, and becoming a part of the global marketplace will all be critical to South Africa's continued renaissance.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/wideangle/shows/southafrica/handbook3.html (0 words)

	South Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		South Africa is the only nation to have successfully developed nuclear weapons, and then voluntarily relinquish that capability.
		South Africa developed a unique technology for enriching U-235 called UCOR during the 1960s and 70s based on aerodynamic forces produced by vortex tubes.
		In April 1997 South African Deputy Foreign Minister Aziz Pahad admitted that an unexplained nuclear explosion detected in the Indian Ocean on 22 September 1979 was a South African nuclear test, making South Africa the seventh nation known to have exploded a nuclear device.
	dr.abdulqadeer.8m.net /south.htm (0 words)

	South Africa's Nuclear Weapons Program - The Early Years
		South Africa has had a significant involvement in the nuclear age since its beginning by virtue of its large uranium reserves and its mining-oriented economy.
		South Africa began exporting significant amounts of uranium towards the end of World War II, providing part of the supply to the Manhattan Project, but the volume was small until the early 50s.
		In 1961 South Africa withdrew from the Commonwealth.
	nuclearweaponarchive.org /Safrica/SABeginning.html (0 words)

	South Africa - Relations with African States
		South Africa's relations with the Kingdom of Swaziland, one of Africa's smallest nations--which South Africa surrounds on the north, west, and south--were shaped by the kingdom's complete dependence on its powerful neighbor for its economic and political well-being.
		South Africa also had assisted the new regime led by Prime Minister Ian Smith for almost fourteen years, until it was brought down by a combination of guerrilla war and international pressure.
		South African-Zambian relations until 1990 were shaped by Zambia's support for antiapartheid movements inside South Africa, by its agreement to allow anti-South African SWAPO guerrillas to operate from Zambia's territory, and by its anti-RENAMO assistance to government forces in Mozambique.
	countrystudies.us /south-africa/83.htm (0 words)

	South Africa's Nuclear Weapons Program
		South Africa had tremendous problems getting the plant to work properly and the net effect was that output was only half as much as expected.
		South Africa would publicly acknowledge the existence of its nuclear stockpile, conduct an underground nuclear test, or detonate a nuclear explosion on the surface.
		South Africa calculated that the West's determination to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons would force them to place South Africa under their nuclear umbrella in the event of a crisis.
	web.mit.edu /ssp/spring01/albright.htm (0 words)

	South Africa and the affordable bomb \| thebulletin.org
		When the IAEA began its inspections in 1991, South Africa was not obligated to reveal the existence of the critical facility or the other buildings in the valley.
		South Africa's nuclear "strategy of uncertainty" was reaffirmed in the mid-1980s, and the government wanted to know how long it would take to conduct an underground test.
		South African officials have consistently said that although they do not know if the flash was from a test or not, they know that South Africa had nothing to do with it.
	www.thebulletin.org /article.php?art_ofn=ja94albright (0 words)

	South Africa - Relations with Other Countries
		In 1995 and 1996, South Africa pressed for closer ties to Iran, both to acquire oil imports on favorable terms and to demonstrate Pretoria's willingness and ability to defy United States pressures to shun Iran.
		South Africa and Israel had collaborated on military training, weapons development, and weapons production for years before broad sanctions were imposed in the late 1980s.
		South Africa and the ROC had maintained ties during the apartheid era, partly because both were virtual outcasts from the international community.
	countrystudies.us /south-africa/85.htm (0 words)

	NTI: Country Overviews: South Africa: Nuclear Chronology
		SIPRI researcher Signe Landgren concludes that South Africa is developing "long-range missiles capable of carrying nuclear warheads." The study states that in November 1989, the CIA confirmed that a joint South African-Israeli test of the "Arniston" missile, which could carry a nuclear warhead over 1,200 miles, had taken place.
		South Africa and Kenya are to sign a nuclear cooperation agreement that would include exchange of nuclear technology and information for medicine and agriculture.
		South Africa is preparing the facility for use as a demonstration module in the laser enrichment project to be commissioned in 1993-94.
	www.nti.org /e_research/profiles/SAfrica/Nuclear/2149_3277.html (0 words)

	South Africa: Out of Sight: The Misery in Bophuthatswana (Human Rights Watch Report, September 16, 1991)
		At first millions of fl South Africans were physically relocated from "white" South Africa to the homelands, and subsequently regarded by South African law as aliens in the land of their birth.
		However, in deciding to reward South Africa for the abolition of apartheid laws, both the European Community and the United States lifted their sanctions, despite the fact that the homeland system, which lies at the heart of apartheid, remains intact.
		The South African government responded to the demands of the prisoners to be released in accordance with the Pretoria Minute in a predictable fashion.
	hrw.org /reports/1991/southafrica2 (0 words)

	South Africa 1991
		South of town is an extensive caravan park (closed in winter) between the main road and the sea.
		South African Shelduck (103): 20 in Karoo Aug 6th, 2 on 7th, 20 on 8th, 4 Piketberg on Aug 10th, 4 De Hoop Aug 11th.
		South African Black Flycatcher (694): 1 on 18th, 2 on 19th, 3 on 20th, 2 on 23rd, 3 on 24th, 1 on 25th and 2 on 26th.
	www.camacdonald.com /birding/tripreports/SouthAfrica91.html (0 words)

	People - South Africa - Africa
		According to the 1991 census, the population of South Africa was 30,986,918, an increase of 11 percent over the 1985 figure.
		The estimated total population of South Africa in 2002 was 43,647,658.
		The largest cities in South Africa (1995 estimate) include Cape Town (2,727,000), the legislative capital; Durban (1,264,000), the country’s leading port; Johannesburg (2,172,000), the commercial capital and metropolis of the goldfields; Pretoria (1,314,000), the administrative capital; and Port Elizabeth (1,035,000), an industrial city and major port.
	www.countriesquest.com /africa/south_africa/people.htm (0 words)

	C:\WEBSITE\PUBLIC~1\SOUTHA~2\ir0594.htm
		All South African officials agree that the shift in emphasis from peaceful nuclear explosives to strategic deterrence was in response to South Africa's deteriorating security situation.
		South African devices were designed to use background, or stray, neutrons to initiate the chain reaction.
		South Africa’s renunciation of nuclear weapons is a major success for international efforts to stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
	www.isis-online.org /publications/southafrica/ir0594.html (0 words)

	CNN.com - S. Africa plays World Cup catch-up - May 30, 2002
		Despite this large pool of talent, South Africa and its World Cup team -- the Bafana Bafana -- have been unable to make their mark on an international scale.
		Only in 1991 was South Africa allowed to re-enter the international football stage, prompting the sport to get some of the focus and financing it needed.
		The talent drain, together with financial constraints, means Africa, and especially South Africa, has a long way to go -- making playing the catch-up game as important as winning the game itself.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/worldcup/05/29/south.africa/index.html (0 words)

	CNS - South Africa's Nuclear Weapons Program: An Annotated Chronology, 1969-1994
		South Africa emerges "as the prime suspect," but the South African government denies that it has conducted a nuclear test.
		South Africa's strategy was that "if the situation in southern Africa were to deteriorate seriously," the government would confidentially indicate its deterrent capability to one or more of the major powers – such as the United States – in order to persuade them to intervene.
		South Africa is the first and to date only country to build nuclear weapons and then entirely dismantle its nuclear weapons program.
	cns.miis.edu /research/safrica/chron.htm (0 words)

	NTI: Country Overviews: South Africa: Missile Facilities
		The South African missile development program started in the late 1970s, and culminated with the launch of a version of the Israeli Jericho II missile on 5 July 1989, from the Overberg test site.
		In 1968, the South African government set up the Armaments Development Corporation of South Africa (Armscor) with the mandate to develop the domestic defense industry and supervise arms manufacture.
		The 1977, a UN mandatory arms embargo imposed on South Africa was a turning point for the defense industry, and led to establishment of new production facilities by Armscor.
	www.nti.org /e_research/profiles/SAfrica/Missile/1601.html (0 words)

	1991 in South Africa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		See also: 1990 in South Africa, other events of 1991, 1992 in South Africa and the Timeline of South African history.
		29 January - Frederik Willem de Klerk, State President of South Africa, Nelson Mandela, deputy-president of the African National Congress, and Mangosuthu Buthelezi, leader of the Inkatha Freedom Party, meet for peace talks
		9 July - Suspension of South Africa from the International Olympic Committee is lifted
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1991_in_South_Africa (381 words)

	eBay Store - South Africa Coins: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		South Africa 1990 8 pc Proof Set Original in SAM case
		South Africa 1991 8 pc Proof Set Original in SAM case
		South Africa 1993 8 pc Proof Set Original in SAM case
	stores.ebay.com /South-Africa-Coins (0 words)

	WorldViews: South Africa
		Ahmed Kathrada, another member of the South African Parliament who visited Oakland, California, with Hogan in November 1996, knows better than most how sweet the 1994 victory was over apartheid, for he suffered 26 years as a political prisoner on South Africa's notorious Robben Island.
		The revised edition of Professor Leonard Thompson's classic A History of South Africa (Thompson 1995) is a good place to begin for an overview of the sweep of South Africa's history from the fl settlements that pre-dated the arrival of the Europ eans to the elections and transition to multi-racial democracy in the 1990s.
		From 1991 to 1995, Canada's International Development Research Centre (IDRC)--in partnership with the African National Congress, the Congress of South African Trade Unions, and the South African National Civic Organisation-- conducted a series of missi ons in South Africa to assist the government and people of South Africa in their transition to democracy.
	worldviews.igc.org /awpguide/southafr.html (0 words)

	Indymedia South Africa
		South Africans can stop despairing, knowing that there is now a platform through which they can address social issues within a consolidated environment.
		The application is brought by five residents of Phiri who are all unemployed and living in conditions of poverty, on behalf of themselves, their households and all residents of Phiri who are in a similar position to the applicants, as well as everyone in the public interest.
		PSC members criticized the South African government for its support of Israel, citing a 15-20% rise in South Africa-Israel trade in the last two years, and the lack of prosecution of South Africans fighting in the IDF.
	southafrica.indymedia.org (0 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The flower on her costume is the national flower of South Africa, the king protea, while the gold leaves represent the country's rich mineral wealth.
		South Africa produces over half of the world's gold.
		Penny Coelen (Miss South Africa and Miss World 1958) poses with Diana.
	web.tiscali.it /elena_gianotti/southafrica/1991.html (0 words)

	South Africa Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		July/August, 1994-- "South Africa and the Affordable Bomb." By David Albright.
		April, 1993-- "South Africa: The ANC and the Atom Bomb." By David Albright and Mark Hibbs.
		January/February, 1991-- "South Africa flirts with the NPT." By David Albright and Tom Zamora.
	www.isis-online.org /publications/southafrica/index.html (0 words)

	1990 in South Africa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		See also: 1989 in South Africa, other events of 1990, 1991 in South Africa and the Timeline of South African history.
		3 February- Rainbow People's March, a small group of demonstrators express support for the new South Africa by dancing down Adderley Street with a painting by artist, Beezy Bailey.
		Namibia gains independence with the United Nations supervising the withdraw of South African forces and the first elections
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1990_in_South_Africa (0 words)

	bidorbuy - bidorbuy Auction 1900061 - Ukraine: 1 Karbovanets - 1991 - Johannesburg - South Africa
		Homepage » Coins,Notes,Stamps & Militaria » Bank Notes: South African
		Jordan: 1 Dinar - 2005 (crisp and unc)
		Copyright 1999-2006 bidorbuy.co.za South Africa, All Rights Reserved
	www.bidorbuy.co.za /jsp/item/Item.jsp?Trade_TradeId=1900061 (0 words)

	Population Census [South Africa], 1991
		Enumerative Statistics; Census - South Africa; Africa - South Africa
		Click on the File Name to begin download process
		SADA 0055 - As supplied by the South African Data Archive:
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /issr/da/index/techinfo/M9091.HTM (0 words)

	bidorbuy - bidorbuy Auction 1682684 - SOUTH AFRICA PROOF COIN SET 1991 - Johannesburg - South Africa
		Homepage » Coins,Notes,Stamps & Militaria » Coins: South African
		Item Description : SOUTH AFRICA PROOF COIN SET 1991
		The set complete in original Blue Box as issued by the SA mint.The picture is not the actual item being auctioned but is a picture of a similar item all issued alike.
	www.bidorbuy.co.za /jsp/item/Item.jsp?Trade_TradeId=1682684 (0 words)

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