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Topic: 1993 Canadian incumbents

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	Law Office Of Clement Cheng - California Intellectual Property and Business Lawyers
		Canadian political candidates are free to solicit money from foreign and domestic sources, including individuals, trade unions, corporations and other organizations.
		Canada has embraced government provided television and radio time by requiring every broadcaster provide 6.5 prime time hours "for transmission of political announcements and programs produced by or on behalf of the registered parties." The 6.5 hours are apportioned according to a party’s representation in the legislature or by their number of candidates.
		By 1993, Congress was mostly comprised of new members who were prohibited from using campaign funds for personal use.
	www.clemcheng.com /html/campaign_finance.htm (6817 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: 1992 in Canada
		See also: 1992 Canadian incumbents The Prime Minister of Canada, the head of the Canadian government, is usually the leader of the political party with the most seats in the Canadian House of Commons.
		Donald Ross Getty (born August 30, 1933), Canadian politician, was Premier of Alberta and leader of the Alberta Progressive Conservative Party between 1985 and 1992.
		Michael Harcourt (born 1943) is a politican in the Canadian province of British Columbia.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/1992-in-Canada (2853 words)

	Canadian incumbents by year - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is a list of Canadian incumbents in any given year.
		This includes cabinet ministers, provincial premiers, lieutenant governors, mayors, Supreme Court justices, religious leaders, and others.
		2000 - 1999 - 1998 - 1997 - 1996 - 1995 - 1994 - 1993 - 1992 - 1991
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Canadian_incumbents_by_year (339 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: List of state leaders in 1993
		1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003).
		Hwang In-sung, Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea (1993)
		Kim Young-sam (born December 20, 1927 in Geoje, South Gyeongsang) was the President of the Republic of Korea from February 25, 1993 to February 25, 1998.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/List-of-state-leaders-in-1993 (8173 words)

	The Canadian Electoral System (BP-437E) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Only those who hold Canadian citizenship may vote in federal elections. Because of the historical relationship with Great Britain, British subjects were allowed to vote in Canadian elections until the mid-1970s.
		Canadians are very mobile, and about 20% of the information on the Register of Electors changes every year. The Register is updated with information from existing federal and provincial data bases. By complying with certain procedures and requirements, eligible voters are able to vote, even if they are not on the voters’ lists.
		Each of the 308 Members of the Canadian House of Commons — including the Prime Minister and cabinet ministers, the Leader of the Opposition, and the Speaker — is elected to represent a particular constituency. As noted above, elections in Canada are organized on a constituency basis and are largely administered at this level.
	www.parl.gc.ca /information/library/PRBpubs/bp437-e.htm (1175 words)

	Press-Telegram - Canada finds new mad cow
		Canadian safeguards are stricter than those in the United States, which is under pressure from McDonald's and other food companies to toughen the rules.
		Canadian Food Inspection Agency official Francine Lord said the incubation period in the recently infected cow was still within a normal range of three to eight years.
		Weber said the disease is not found in the muscle meat that makes steaks, and the most recent Canadian case never entered the food supply for people and animals.
	www.presstelegram.com /news/ci_4110136 (678 words)

	[No title]
		Under the Canadian Interim Sharing Arrangement ("Sharing Arrangement"), MTA and BTA licensees on certain narrowband PCS channels are not permitted to locate base stations within 75 miles of the U.S./Canadian border.
		In the PCS MO&O we determined that eligibility for the paging response licenses would be restricted to incumbent paging licensees authorized under Part 22 and Part 90 of our rules as of June 24, 1993, the adoption date of the PCS First Report and Order.
		Moreover, because only incumbent paging licensees are eligible to bid on these licenses, we believed that sealed bid auctions would help to reduce the chances of collusion among the limited number of bidders.
	wireless.fcc.gov /auctions/41/releases/fc970140.txt (17736 words)

	Slashing Congressional Spending, Part I: Congressional Pay, Pensions, Perks, and Staff (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		This would permit lawmakers to retain an authentic connection to the districts they represent by living and working there, rather than acquiring a Washington mindset that often is antithetical to the desires of their constituents.
		In the year from October 1993 to September 1994, 93 Members, over 1 in 5, spent less than $40,000 -- approximately the yearly allowance that a 75 percent cut would entail.
		Constituent service not only distracts legislators and their staff from the work they were elected to do, but also undermines competitive elections by permitting incumbents to take credit for independent good works that obscure their legislative record.
	www.heritage.org /Research/Budget/BG1034.cfm (6178 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : 1993 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003).
		October 25 - Jean Chrétien and his Liberal Party defeat the governing Progressive Conservative Party in the Canadian federal election.
		June 9 - Alexis Smith, Canadian actress (b.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /1993 (2475 words)

	Peaktalk - Canadian Politics Archives
		His promise to make the environment and the Canadian effort in Afghanistan key issues in a future election may be nice soundbites on a party conference, but a credible campaign requires a more creative approach to issues such as childcare, healthcare and yes, taxes.
		Canadian troops are paying the ultimate price with a frequency that has caused many at home to question Canada's involvement in Afghanistan.
		As most of you know, Maher Arar was fully exonerated earlier this week by an independent Canadian commission of inquiry which ruled that Arar has been the victim of inaccurate RCMP intelligence reports and deliberate smears by Canadian officials.
	www.peaktalk.com /archives/cat_canadian_politics.php (9841 words)

	Poll: ROBBINS gets Canadian Federal Election on the $$$
		This poll reflects a higher representative sample of Canadians because of (a) sample size of individuals, and (b) the increase in numbers of calls made to identify previous voters, and previous voters who were willing to identify who they voted for.
		These issues are more visual, compelling and easily digested by Canadian voters, including the amount of time relating to the Gomery Inquiry, and the amount of focus given to images of shootings in Toronto, and Vancouver.
		Canadians do not trust election officials nor do they trust the civil service, there is a reason our Parliamentary traditions call for Ministerial responsibility.
	www.robbinssceresearch.com /polls/poll_223.html (5581 words)

	The International Air Cargo Association
		In the mid 1970s, aviation policy began to change in the direction of less government control, because it was recognised that government control had led to inefficient operations by the airlines and to higher-than-necessary fares for the public and shippers.
		In the period from 1987 until 1993 three packages of measures, agreed in 1987, 1990 and 1992, were introduced to liberalise the aviation within Europe.
		Since 1993, the third package is running, no distinction is made between international and domestic operations, nor between scheduled and charter operations, nor between passenger and freight operations.
	www.tiaca.org /content/hamoen2.asp (5760 words)

	City campaigns on the cusp and the Edmonton mayoralty election of 1992 Journal of Canadian Studies - Find Articles
		Visibly uncomfortable in "political" activities, the mayor chose (although less so than many previous incumbents) to campaign by exploiting the natural publicity associated with office-holding, preferring the managed event rather than the walk-about spontaneity of fairs, festivals and exhibitions.(f.33) This approach conservatized her style, moderating her naturally more radical policy preferences.
		Some had grown to accept the way the system worked and tended to observe political challengers in the same light as did the incumbents: a threat to the established way of carrying on city business.(f.35) It is not surprising that Canadian municipal incumbents achieve some of the highest re-election rates found in industrial democracies.
		But there was no "Janslide." Only one incumbent councillor lost, while one other chose to be beaten in the mayoralty contest.(f.54) The marked definition of ideological division between the two major mayoralty candidates produced voter turnout that was the highest for Edmonton in a generation (since Hawrelak's 1966 defeat).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3683/is_199704/ai_n8768044 (8009 words)

	The Baha'i Faith in America as Panopticon, 1963-1997
		The Baha’is’ inability to belong to political parties, vote in primaries that require party affiliation, contest partisan elections, contribute to political campaigns, or even express political views, detracts from their ability to participate fully in the affairs of the republic and in some important respects isolates them from the larger U.S. society.
		The prohibition of nominations and campaigning leads administrators to feel a need for strict controls on Baha’i discourse, and often to the avoidance of even mentioning leaders by name in public, which would be construed as “backbiting.” The ban on campaigning can become a ban on visibility or on any sort of critical thinking.
		It is perhaps not incidental that the controls on electioneering and other forms of communication have the side effect of ensuring that criticism of those in power cannot achieve wide circulation, and that the incumbents who exercise that control are reelected every year.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~jrcole/bahai/1999/jssr/bhjssr.htm (8296 words)

	Jones \| Living in Interesting Times: The Canadian Election and Its Meaning
		Canadians have reassembled a right of center Conservative party; it will be a more effective foil for the Liberals.
		Canadian elections run a minimum of thirty-five days; this limit reduces the official electioneering (although as is the case in other twenty-first century democracies, all parties campaign all the time), but also intensifies it.
		Basic guidelines for Canadian policy in these areas are now a decade old, and reportedly they are not scheduled for release until autumn.
	www.unc.edu /depts/diplomat/archives_roll/2004_07-09/jones_can04/jones_can04.html (4658 words)

	Negative campaigning
		These ads are expensive, however, and if not well crafted can produce a backlash as voters dislike any sense of bullying.
		A disastrous ad was run the Progressive Conservatives in the 1993 Canadian election emphasizing Liberal leader Jean Chrétien's facial disability.
		Since negative campaigning is risky it is usually not done by candidates who feel they are the clear front runner, negative tactics are thus more often used by challengers than incumbents.
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/n/ne/negative_campaigning.html (507 words)

	1994 Canadian incumbents Opposition leaders Queen Elizabeth II Minister of National Defence David Collenette Minister ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		1994 Canadian incumbents Opposition leaders Queen Elizabeth II Minister of National Defence David Collenette Minister of Transport Gordon Thiessen Premier of Newfoundland Roy Romanow David Lam Toronto
		See also: 1993 Canadian incumbents, Events in Canada in 1994, 1995 Canadian incumbents, Governmental leaders in 1994, Canadian incumbents by year
		Canadian Journal of Regional Studies at the University of New...
	en.powerwissen.com /%7C%7CSL%7C%7CnQ9DmPdWHlUr6b9ZQGN5A%3D%3D_1994_Canadian_incumbents.html (474 words)

	1986 Canadian incumbents . Canadian incumbents by year . Ray Hnatyshyn . Minister of Agriculture (Canada) . Bill ...
		Hnatyshyn Queen s Privy Council for Canada PC, CC March 16, 1934 - December 18, 2002 was Canada s twenty-fourth Governor General of Canada governor general, serving from 1990 to 1995.
		Ray Hnatyshyn, Ukrainian Canadian, was born the son of a Canadian Canadian Senate...
		Bill McKnight born 1940 is a former Canadian politician.
	www.uk.kunsimuna.net /1986_Canadian_incumbents_UK_862688_ck (517 words)

	Freedom Party International - Consent 21 - August 1994
		In Canadian and American elections, whether federal, state, or provincial, the candidate who receives the most votes in each constituency is elected.
		In the 1993 federal election, only 53% of the 13,596,508 votes were cast for successful candidates.
		If a voter thinks an incumbent member of his preferred party is not doing a good job, he can vote against him without voting against his party.
	www.freedomparty.org /consent/cons21_2.htm (2486 words)

	Bruce Grey Owen Sound Canadian Reform Conservative Alliance Party History 1993-1997-2000 -- The GSU Alliance Message ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Only the continual apathy of Canadian voters in Canadian elections will remain the juggernaut to the Reform Alliance as the public continue to bet their valuable futures on pointless Liberal and Progressive Conservative majority governments that help them not.
		Canadian Reform Conservative Alliance Party (CA) leader Stockwell Day may be closer to it than any other, but there is a big problem.
		At the time, the Liberals' managerial competence and public accountability were under fire from both the auditor general and the federal information commissioner, and there were a number of widely reported incidents which portrayed the prime minister as addlepated and ill-tempered.
	www.voy.com /59375/21.html (11062 words)

	List of state leaders in 1993 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ratu Sir Penaia Ganilau, President of Fiji (5 December 1987-16 December 1993)
		Konstantinos Mitsotakis, Prime Minister of Greece (1990–October 13, 1993)
		Gustavo Adolfo Espina Salguero, President of Guatemala (1 June 1993 – 5 June 1993)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1993 (1723 words)

	New Perspectives and Evidence on Political Communication and Campaign Effects
		Errors in the opposite direction are also likely as many respondents may feel compelled to respond affirmatively to questions monitoring their media exposure on the grounds that such responses speak well of their civic virtue.
		Franklin's study of U.S. Senate campaigns found that voters were more precise in their perceptions of their incumbent senator's position on a liberal-conservative scale when exposed to a senatorial campaign featuring the incumbent (Franklin, 1993).
		In short, when studying campaigns of differential loudness, the interactions that define campaign effects become more complex; voters' preferences become a function of the volume/intensity of the contestants' appeals, voters' partisan preferences, and their level of exposure to the campaign.
	www.stanford.edu /~siyengar/research/papers/effectsreview.html (7314 words)

	Corporate Governance News: February 2001
		The proportion of directors of Canadian companies who are U.S. residents rose from 10 percent in 1995 to 15 percent in 1999, according to the 8th annual edition of the Report on Corporate Board Governance and Director Compensation in Canada.
		As Canada's economy shifts increasingly north-south, Canadian companies are coming to view North America as their core market.
		The stock component of board compensation increased from 22 percent of the companies surveyed in 1993 to 65 percent in 2000.
	www.corpgov.net /news/archives2001/February.html (1674 words)

	Meriton Nabs Korean Optical Network Deal \| April 19, ...
		Canadian network vendor Meriton will provide its Agile Optical Networking (AON) architecture technology as a piece of the Intelligent-WDM (I-WDM) build-out that KT — formerly Korea Telecom — is architecting in South Korea.
		The KT network topology is similar to the ROADM (Reconfigurable Add-Drop Multiplexer) architectures that cable operators have been deploying to carry video content in large metro areas in the North American market and that some North American carriers are also starting to adopt as demands for business and residential bandwidth spiral upward.
		Incumbents worldwide face a wave of threats to their fixed-line business.
	www.telecommagazine.com /TechZones/article.asp?HH_ID=AR_1993 (521 words)

	Commentary No. 65
		In the years of fratricidal civil war since 1993, nearly 50,000 Algerians have died, more than 50 journalists have been murdered, and almost 100 foreigners have been mutilated and killed.
		Although 35% of the electorate boycotted the elections, this completely unexpected showing by the FIS indicated that people were tired of the old order, desperately sought change and were therefore partial to the Islamist message.
		By the end of 1995, almost 50 journalists had been brutally slain, proving this was no idle threat, and shutting down all national and international discussion of the Algerian situation.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/para/docs/com65e.htm (4162 words)

	NCSL Desk Studies: Public Participation and Confidence in the Legislature
		And elsewhere, in the context of an established democracy, I have suggested that in a society ruled by consent of the governed, public support is vital.
		Under such conditions, it would not be unreasonable to expect that Americans who are more attentive to government and consume the most information from the media are likely to be more negative about the performance of legislatures.
		The comparative analysis of British, Canadian and U.S. public opinion about parliament notes that reporting in Canada pays more attention to policy and governing and is less character-driven than U.S. reporting.
	www.ncsl.org /public/internat/kurtz2.htm (8162 words)

	New Democratic Party Summary
		In the Canadian House of Commons, it represents a moderate to left-wing position in the Canadian political spectrum.
		The party was bitterly disappointed to see its two Saskatchewan incumbents defeated by the Conservatives, both in close races, perhaps due to the unpopularity of the NDP provincial government.
		The Canadian Auto Workers and the Canadian Labour Congress demanded that the NDP not to topple the Liberal government but the NDP rejected the unions' demands.
	www.bookrags.com /New_Democratic_Party (3922 words)

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