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Topic: 1999 in South Africa

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In the News (Sat 26 May 12)

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	CNN In-Depth Specials - South Africa Elections 1999
		Nelson Mandela, who led South Africa from apartheid to democracy, stepped down from public office Wednesday as Thabo Mbeki, his hand-picked successor, was sworn in as president.
		South Africa's soaring crime rate is item No. 1 on voters' minds.
		Crime stalks South Africa's road from apartheid, sapping much-needed confidence in the country and putting many whites to flight.
	www.cnn.com /SPECIALS/1999/safrican.elections (257 words)

	South Africa, Landmine Monitor Report 2004
		South Africa served as co-chair of the Standing Committee on the General Status and Operation of the Convention from May 1999 to September 2000, and as co-rapporteur of the same committee since September 2003.
		South Africa served as the first co-chair of the Standing Committee on the General Status and Operation of the Convention from May 1999 to September 2000, and returned as co-rapporteur of the same committee in September 2003.
		South Africa has participated in the work of the CCW Group of Governmental Experts on antivehicle mines and on explosive remnants of war (ERW) since 2002, and strongly supported the negotiation of Protocol V on ERW, which was agreed to in November 2003.
	www.icbl.org /lm/country/south_africa (3042 words)

	South Africa Economy
		South Africa has a sophisticated financial structure with a large and active stock exchange that ranks 17th in the world in terms of total market capitalization.
		South Africa's GDP is expected to increase gradually during the next few years, and the government recently revised upward its 2005 estimated growth to 4.3%.ÊAnnual GDP growth between 1994 and 2004 averaged 3.0%.ÊIn 2003, real GDP growth slowed to a rate of 2.8%, but increased to 3.7% in 2004.
		South Africa has made great progress in dismantling its old economic system, which was based on import substitution, high tariffs and subsidies, anticompetitive behavior, and extensive government intervention in the economy.
	www.nationbynation.com /SouthAfrica/Economy.html (1474 words)

	SOUTH AFRICA , Landmine Monitor Report 2000
		South Africa is a member of the Conference on Disarmament (CD) but does not believe that any useful purpose would be served by negotiating a transfer ban in the CD and thus having three international treaties dealing with landmines.
		South Africa, in response to the problem of mines during the border wars, developed mine detection systems and a range of mine-protected vehicles that are reputed to be among the best in the world, including the Hyena, Hippo, Buffel, Casspir, Mamba and the Ribbok – a civilian farm vehicle.
		South Africa is emerging as a leader in the field of mine clearance equipment and believes that it possesses leading demining technology and expertise as well as medical capability and experience to assist mine victims.
	www.icbl.org /lm/2000/south_africa.html (3205 words)

	Africa 11
		South Africa also made declarations under article 41 of the ICCPR recognizing the competence of the Human Rights Committee to consider interstate complaints, and under articles 21 and 22 of the Convention against Torture recognizing the competence of the Committee Against Torture to consider both individual and interstate complaints.
		South Africa's first national policy on prosecutions was made public in January, intended to guide prosecutors in decision making and provide consistency in handling of criminal offenses.
		South Africa's vigorous human rights community continued to monitor; occasional government hostility to NGO criticism was counteracted by strong collaboration in government-NGO partnerships elsewhere.
	www.hrw.org /wr2k/Africa-10.htm (1906 words)

	GeographyIQ - World Atlas - Africa - South Africa - Economy
		South Africa has a sophisticated financial structure with a large and active stock exchange that ranks 18th in the world in terms of total market capitalization.
		South Africa is one of the countries most affected by HIV, with 5 million HIV infected individuals.
		South Africa's Government is committed to managing the country's rich and varied natural resources in a responsible and sustainable manner.
	www.geographyiq.com /countries/sf/South_Africa_economy_summary.htm (1830 words)

	South Africa Travel / South Africa Travel Information for Tourists and Visitors to South Africa
		South Africa General Information: South Africa is one of the most diverse and interesting countries in the world.
		South Africa on safari or to enjoy the beaches, breathtaking drives, or unspoiled wilderness, SA-Venues.com strives to help you experience the very best that South Africa has to offer.
		South Africa's World Heritage Sites: Given South Africa's diverse culture and history and her spectacular natural resources and wildlife, it is not surprising that...
	www.sa-venues.com /general_info_nationwide.htm (1559 words)

	Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1999 - South Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		South Africa is a multiparty parliamentary democracy in which constitutional power is shared between the President and the Parliament, which includes the National Assembly and the National Council of Provinces.
		The South Africa Institute for Race Relations, a nongovernmental organization (NGO) that follows political and extrajudicial killings, reported 204 politically motivated killings during the first 7 months of the year, most of which occurred in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, compared with 219 for the same period in 1998.
		South Africa is also a transit point for a large trafficking network operating between developing countries and Europe, the United States, and Canada.
	www.usemb.se /human/human1999/southafr.html (11414 words)

	South Africa Takes Action on Small Arms Problem
		South Africa's neighbors have endured some of the bloodiest civil wars in history, and South African weapons played a large role in allowing those conflicts to continue long after they would otherwise have run their destructive courses.
		South Africa, which delicately negotiated a peaceful end of apartheid in 1994, is virtually awash in weapons.
		South Africa's decision to make public, through the U.N., its commitment to ridding the world of small arms is not surprising.
	www.cdi.org /program/document.cfm?documentid=694&programID=23 (694 words)

	ICC - Cricket World Cup
		South Africa 199-9 (50 ov); Sri Lanka 110 (35.2 ov).
		South Africa 225-7 (50 ov); England 103 (41 ov).
		Kenya 152 (44.3 ov); South Africa 153-3 (41 ov).
	www.icc-cricket.com /icc/events/summaries/icc_world_cup_1999.html (854 words)

	South Africa: Mengistu - failure to respect international human rights obligations - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Amnesty International expresses dismay at South Africa's failure to ensure that Mengistu Haile-Mariam, former Ethiopian head of state, remained in South Africa pending the outcome of an investigation into his alleged human rights crimes.
		South African government officials stated on 7 December that Mengistu Haile-Mariam had left the country apparently prior to the receipt by the government of a formal request for his extradition to Ethiopia.
		Under its constitution, which incorporates customary international law, South Africa had an obligation to investigate the alleged crimes of Mengistu Haile-Mariam, with a view to prosecuting him in South Africa or extraditing him to a state which would try him in proceedings which meet international standards of fairness.
	web.amnesty.org /library/Index/ENGAFR530131999?open&of=ENG-2F3 (322 words)

	Stephen Roth Institute: Antisemitism And Racism
		Most South African Jews are of Lithuanian descent, their forebears having arrived in South Africa between 1880 and 1930.
		Estimates of the size of the Muslim population in South Africa vary, but according to the 1996 census it was approximately 700,000.
		During 1999, the Jewish community was involved in official initiatives to counter racism and discrimination, The SABJD submitted both written and oral evidence to parliament on the proposed Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Bill, which would make apartheid and similar forms of racism a crime against humanity.
	www.tau.ac.il /Anti-Semitism/asw99-2000/sth-africa.htm (2081 words)

	CNN In-Depth Specials - South Africa Elections 1999 - Guest Analysis
		As South Africa prepares for only its second all-race national election, many observers wonder if the overall success of the National Assembly's first term can be sustained.
		South Africa still has much to do before its democratic system can be declared "stable," however.
		Some analysts, such as Paul Graham, executive officer of the independent, non-government Institute for Democracy in South Africa, do not disagree with the initial effectiveness of the proportional representation system, but also suggest that conflict is likely to increase unless the system is adjusted to accommodate increasing constituency pressures.
	edition.cnn.com /SPECIALS/1999/safrican.elections/stories/boda.essay (944 words)

	South Africa: UNESCO Education
		South Africa has one of the most severe cases of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the world with approximately 3.5 million persons thought to be living with the virus or disease.
		South Africa’s current five year Strategic HIV/AIDS plan(2000-2005)aims to increase political leadership and public commitment to fighting the epidemic, strengthen inter-departmental and inter-sectoral response, and to increase resources and build capacity at provincial and district levels for the planning and implementation of HIV/AIDS programmes.
		South Africa plays a leading role in efforts to combat HIV/AIDS in the region, notably within the Southern African Development Community (SADC), which has established a task force and prepared an HIV/AIDS/STD plan for 1999-2003.
	portal.unesco.org /education/ev.php?URL_ID=3583&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201&reload=1043341003 (812 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Special Report \| 1999 \| 05/99 \| South Africa elections \| South Africa's economy: Much to be done
		With population growth in South Africa at least 2% per annum, sluggish real GDP growth in 1997 and 1998, and the depreciation of the rand, real GDP per head has declined by almost $600 since 1995.
		The government itself concedes that 4-5% growth is needed in the medium term to begin to increase incomes for all members of South Africa's population.
		South Africa's economy is by far the largest in sub-Saharan Africa in both size and complexity.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/special_report/1999/05/99/south_africa_elections/352596.stm (1003 words)

	SOUTH AFRICA
		South Africa armed several of the participants in the war: Namibia and Zimbabwe bought South African weapons in 1996, 1997, and 1998; Angola purchased "non-lethal" military equipment from South Africa in 1996, as well as arms in 1998; and Zimbabwe continued to receive "non-lethal" military equipment in 1999.
		In 1996 and 1997, South Africa sold R.284,000 (U.S.$66,500) and R.8,629,000 (U.S.$1.9 million) worth of non-sensitive military equipment to China, which is under a European Union arms embargo imposed after the bloody 1989 crackdown on pro-democracy activists.
		South Africa did take a stand for human rights in China when, in 1997 and 1999, it voted against China's successful effort to avoid any discussion of its human rights record at the United Nations Commission on Human Rights in Geneva.
	www.hrw.org /reports/2000/safrica/Sarfio00-05.htm (4235 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Special Report \| 1999 \| 05/99 \| South Africa elections \| Education: A promise hard to keep
		Although all South African schools are officially non-racial, a recent report by the Human Rights Commission concluded that "racism in South African schools is flourishing".
		Education in the old South Africa was governed by a complex ethnically-based bureaucracy, whose legacy remains in the form of corruption and inefficiency.
		And since the vast majority of South Africans are fl, it is clear that even if all the formerly white schools could be purged of racism, this would still not meet everybody's educational needs.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/special_report/1999/05/99/south_africa_elections/352189.stm (882 words)

	South Africa Travel Guide
		South Africa is an awesome holiday destination with so much to do you'll be spoiled for choice.
		South Africa is internationally renowned as one of the world's top game viewing and birding destinations, but it also has some of the world's best flowers, which can be seen to great advantage, particularly in the Western Cape where the indigenous fynbos forms part of the Cape Floral Region, which is a world heritage site.
		As if that's not enough, South Africa also has 3,000 km coastline with fabulous beaches and water sports, and great dolphin and whale watching.
	www.safarinow.com /cms/south-africa/irie.aspx (409 words)

	Meningococcal Disease in South Africa, 1999–2002 \| CDC EID
		In 1996, 49.5% (55/111) of isolates analyzed from an outbreak in South Africa were identified as serogroup A belonging to subgroup I; 13.5% (15/111) belonged to subgroup III (34).
		In South Africa, a community-based outbreak caused by strains of the ST-11/ET-37 complex was observed in 2003 (40).
		Epidemic spread of subgroup III of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A to South Africa in 1996.
	www.cdc.gov /eid/content/13/2/273.htm (4735 words)

	South Africa.FM Portal : South Africa Safaris, Beach Holidays,Africa Weddings,Honymoon Destinations and more
		South Africa stretches between the 22nd and 34th degrees of southern latitude and hence is part of the subtropical zone.
		The Republic of South Africa has common boundaries with Namibia, the Republics of Botswana and Zimbabwe, while the Republic of Mozambique and the Kingdom of Swaziland lie to its north-east.
		South Africa has much to offer: thriving mordern cities with business and industry to match the best in the world, mordern banking and medical facilities, great sporting arenas and a vibrant nightlife of theatres, discos,casinos,cinemas and some of the finest restaurants to wine and dine in.
	www.southafrica.fm (1225 words)

	Statement of the Pugwash Council: 7-13 September 1999, Rustenburg, South Africa
		ESPITE the example set by South Africa in being the first country in the world to have voluntarily renounced nuclear weapons, there continues to be a serious and dangerous deadlock in the nuclear arms control process.
		Despite the entry into force, in March 1999, of the Ottawa Convention, landmines continue to be used in conflict (as in Kosovo and Angola) and continue to be deployed.
		As demonstrated by the evolution of South Africa from apartheid to democracy, these are some of the many issues that need to be addressed in order to realize the goal of an African Renaissance in the 21st century.
	www.pugwash.org /reports/pac/pac2.htm (3084 words)

	The 7th All Africa Games - South Africa 1999
		In the early 1960s the Friendship Games were held amongst the French speaking countries of Africa and in 1965 at a conference of Ministers of Youth and Sport in Dakar, Senegal it was agreed that these Games should be replaced by the All Africa Games open to all nations on the African continent.
		South Africa were the hosts of the 7th All-Africa Games in a decision by ANOCA (Association of National Olympic Committees of Africa) and thereby qualified automatically for the eight-nation tournament.
		South Africa did not qualify for the event, beaten by Zambia in the final round of the pre-tournament preliminaries.
	www.sportscheduler.co.sz /all_africa_games99.htm (276 words)

	Nkosi Johnson - HIV/AIDS in South Africa
		In 1998 South Africa had 100 000 AIDS orphans and is presently estimated at 420 000.
		HIV/AIDS is now the killer disease in sub-Saharan Africa; its mortality rates surpassing people killed in warfare - in 1998 alone, for example, 200 000 people died from armed conflicts in Africa, compared with 2,2 million from AIDS (from The Star 12 January 2000).
		An estimated 22 million orphans in sub-Saharan Africa by 2010 are expected to comprise a 'lost orphaned generation' with little hope of educational or employment opportunities.
	www.nkosi.iafrica.com /contentPage.asp?pageID=18 (864 words)

	Africa: Statements on Globalization
		If it was unacceptable to accommodate South Africa and Nigeria, and is unacceptable to accommodate Pakistan for the recent military coup, it surely should be unacceptable to accommodate countries that do not treat their working people fairly.
		The unions in Africa have recently committed themselves to campaign on the 12th of April 2000 for an end to military governments that exist in the continent.
		Africa Action provides this information and analysis in order to promote U.S. and international policies toward Africa that advance economic, political and social justice and the full spectrum of human rights.
	www.africaaction.org /docs99/com9911.htm (3317 words)

	Workers World Sept. 23, 1999: South Africa resists U.S. drug firms' greed
		It had been challenging a law passed by the new South African government that would make medicines--particularly HIV treatments--more accessible to the poor communities that are still the overwhelming majority of the population.
		The legal action in the South African Constitutional Court by the PMA had blocked implementation of the new law since its passage nearly two years ago.
		South Africa is the last country to violate international law because we strongly believe in it.
	www.workers.org /ww/1999/safrica0923.php (1267 words)

	Reshaping Gender Attitudes in South Africa
		In South Africa, as in many other parts of the world, men may act in ways that can contribute to a variety of public health problems, such as domestic and sexual violence, increasing rates of sexually transmitted infections including HIV and AIDS, and high rates of maternal and infant mortality.
		The HIV epidemic has taken a tremendous toll on South Africa's citizens: At the end of 2001, the country had an adult prevalence rate of 20%; and in some regions, up to 30% of adults were estimated to be HIV-positive.
		The MAP program in South Africa involves the implementation of educational workshops, such as those described earlier, that are designed to challenge the attitudes and behaviors held by men that can compromise reproductive health.
	www.engenderhealth.org /itf/south_africa.html (1005 words)

	[No title]
		South Africa acceded to the Copenhagen Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer of 1992, on 13 March 2001
		South Africa acceded to the Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives for the Purpose of Detection, 1991 on 1 December 1999
		South Africa acceded to the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide on 10 December 1998
	home.earthlink.net /~apronto/treaties/trmain.htm (572 words)

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