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	First Battle of Ypres - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The First Battle of Ypres, also called the Battle of Flanders, was the last major battle of the first year (1914) of World War I.
		This battle and the Battle of the Yser marked the end of the Race to the Sea where the Germans tried to reach the French Channel ports of Calais and Dunkerque, which were the main supply routes for the British Expeditionary Force.
		The town of Ypres was rapidly demolished by artillery and air attack.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_Battle_of_Ypres (401 words)

	Second Battle of Ypres - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Second Battle of Ypres was the first time Germany used chemical weapons on a large scale on the Western Front in World War I and the first time a colonial force (Canadians) forced back a major European power (Germans) on European soil, which occurred in the battle of St. Juliaan-Kitcheners' Wood.
		At Second Ypres, the smallest tactical unit in the infantry was a company; by 1917 it would be the section.
		A Third Battle of Ypres, more commonly known as Passchendaele was fought in the autumn of 1917.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Battle_of_Ypres (1230 words)

	Ypres, Battle of
		Ypres, Battle of, first series of major battles fought by Canadian troops during WORLD WAR I, officially lasting from 22 April to 25 May 1915.
		Without gas masks, the French and Algerians in the trenches were forced to retreat, choking, gasping, and dying as the chlorine affected their lungs.
		In a week of fierce fighting and bitter counterattacks involving further use of gas, the German thrust was brought to a halt.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&ArticleId=A0008769 (181 words)

	First World War.com - Battles - The First Battle of Ypres, 1914
		With the German failure at the Battle of the Marne in September 1914 and the subsequent Allied counter attacks, the "Race to the Sea" began.
		The Allied position around Ypres took the shape of a small salient in the trench lines because it could best be defended from the low ridge of higher ground to the east, but it was vulnerable to superior German artillery.
		There were eventually three major battles at Ypres (click here to read a summary of the second; click here for the third, also known simply as Passchendaele), but the First Battle of Ypres was one of the most significant.
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/ypres1.htm (996 words)

	Ypres (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Ypres (Ieper in Dutch Ypern in German) is a municipality located in Flanders one of the three regions of Belgium and in the Flemish province of West Flanders.
		In the Second Battle of Ypres (April 22 to May 25 1915) the Germans used poison gas for the first time on the Western Front (they had used it for the time at the Battle of Bolimow on January 1 1915) and captured high ground east of town.
		In the Third Battle of Ypres (July 21 to November 6 1916 ; also known as the Battle of Passchendaele) the British recaptured the ridge at terrible cost of lives.
	www.freeglossary.com /Ypres (740 words)

	Trenches on the Web - Special: The Second Battle of Ypres, Apr-1915
		Upon their landing in Flanders, the 1st Canadian Division was assigned a sector in front of the Belgium city of Ypres, a place where the Allied line had pushed a bulge-like incursion into German-held territory - the Ypres Salient.
		The situation on the eve of battle was that the Canadians had only just been moved up into the front lines and had not become fully oriented to their surroundings.
		Second Ypres proved to be the worst battle the 1st Canadian Division would fight in the course of the war, however its result was the starting point of the strong reputation Canadian troops developed during the war.
	www.worldwar1.com /sf2ypres.htm (2265 words)

	War Artists from the First World War: The Battlegrounds
		The Canadian 1st Division landed in France and was moved into the line in front of the Belgian city of Ypres on April 17th, 1915.
		The battle was notable for the first use of chemical weapons (chlorine gas) by the Germans, and the steadfastness of the Canadians in sealing a significant breach in the lines.
		The Battle of Ypres did much to establish the reputation of the Canadians as a fighting force and directly gave weight to the national policy of keeping Canadian troops together rather than dispersing them under British command.
	www.archives.gov.on.ca /english/exhibits/war_artists/ypres.htm (1056 words)

	The Battles of Ypres, 1914 ("First Ypres")
		The Battles of Ypres 1914 ('First Ypres') was considered by the 1921 Battles Nomenclature Committee to comprise of three phases: Langemarck, Gheluvelt and Nonne Bosschen.
		To the South-West of Ypres and west of Messines are the Flemish Hills.
		The Ypres countryside was dotted with many thick woods, with villages and hamlets spread along the roads that fan out of the town to the east and isolated houses scattered widely.
	www.1914-1918.net /bat7.htm (1849 words)

	1881-1975 (The Black Watch)
		It was in Edinburgh on 1st July 1881 that as a result of the Cardwell Reforms the 42nd and 73rd Regiments were combined into a single new regiment – The Black Watch (Royal Highlanders), a title they were to bear for the next 41 years.
		The 1st Battalion was fully mobilised by 8th August and landed at Le Havre on the 14th as part of 1st (Guards) Brigade.
		All the Regiment’s battalions apart from the 1st and 4th/5th had fought at the 1st Battle of Arras in the Spring of 1917 and then in July and August came the 3rd Battle of Ypres, in which the 4th/5th were reduced by losses to the strength of a single company.
	www.eze33.com /brigade/bw3.htm (3050 words)

	Battles of Ypres
		Along with the Battle of the Somme, the battles at Ypres have gone down in history The town had been the centre of battles before due to its strategic position, but the sheer devastation of the town and the surrounding countryside seems to perfectly summarise the futility of battles fought in World War One.
		Whereas the first and second battles of Ypres were launched by the Germans in 1914 and 1915 respectively, Third Ypres was intended as Sir Douglas Haig’s Allied forces breakthrough in Flanders in 1917.
		This third battle of Ypres was launched on the 13th July 1917 with a lengthy preliminary artillery bombardment of over 4 million shells, this was effected for the ten days prior to the launch of the attack by the infantry at 03:50 on 31 July 1917.
	www.ourwardfamily.com /battles_of_ypres.htm (1750 words)

	From the Western Front to Salonika - Overview of the Second Battle of Ypres
		During this phase of the battle of Ypres the Germans tried to smash through the front held by the 27th and 28th divisions by using their superiority in guns and ammunition.
		Throughout the battle the Germans were able to use their superiority in artillery to continuously pound the defenders.
		The battle marked the first use of poison gas in warfare for which the British were totally unprepared.
	www.users.globalnet.co.uk /~cjmorton/service/ww1/ypres/overview.htm (930 words)

	3rd Ypres, they called it Passchendaele
		Known as the battle of Passchendaele, the third battle of Ypres was the collective name given to campaign that lasted until November 1917 aimed at capturing the Gheluvelt Plateau in southern Belgium.
		In 1917, the area of Flanders to the east of Ypres had great strategic importance because it was dominated by a German occupied ridge from the East to the South of Ypres.
		Haig's plan was to strike out of Ypres to the North and East and, in conjunction with a seaborne landing on the coast of Belgium at Nieuport, he would capture the high ground at Passchendaele which was the key to the whole area.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-battles/ww1/france/3rd_ypres.htm (3459 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - Joseph Joffre on the First Battle of Ypres, October-November 1914
		That was the object and the result of the battle of Flanders, October 22nd to November 15th.
		To reach Calais, that is, to break our left; to carry Ypres, that is, to cut it in half; through both points to menace the communications and supplies of the British expeditionary corps, perhaps even to threaten Britain in her island - such was the German plan in the Battle of Flanders.
		The support which, according to the idea of the German General Staff, the attack on Ypres was to render to the coastal attack, was as futile as that attack itself had been.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/1stypres_joffre.htm (1666 words)

	The First Battle of Ypres
		Kavanagh deployed the 1st and 2nd Life Guards, with the Blues in reserve behind the center, and his advance assisted the French to resume their trenches.
		The 1st and 4th Brigades of the Prussian Guard were launched on both sides of the Menin road.
		The 1st Brigade and the left brigade of the 3rd Division bore the brunt of the charge, and at several points the enemy pierced our front and won the woods to the west.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/1914/ypres1.html (1790 words)

	2nd Battle of Ypres
		Ypres, a medieval town in Belgium, was taken by the German Army at the beginning of the war.
		The 1st Battle of Ypres took place between 15th October and 22nd November, 1914.
		Heavy fighting and frequent gas attacks continued around Ypres until 25th May. The Allied line held, but the German Fourth Army was able to use its new higher positions to bombard the town with heavy artillery.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWypres2.htm (1336 words)

	26 Regiment Royal Artillery - 55 (The Residency) Head Quarter Battery
		From the 1st to the 17th November the Residency building was successfully defended by the loyalist troops and the Union Flag kept flying.
		In 1994, on the 1st September 12 soldiers from Thomas Troop deployed with 40 Regiment Royal Artillery Cymbeline Troop to Bosnia Herzegovinia.
		Their task was to monitor the TEZ (Total Exclusion Zone) around the war torn city of Sarajevo culminating with the location of 300 Mortar rounds during an intense battle on the outskirts of the city.
	www.army.mod.uk /26regtra/55_hq_bty.htm (1121 words)

	Battle of Ypres art prints
		The British and French held the saliant around Ypres which extended into the German line, This made the area held by the British and French to be bombarded by three fronts and nearly from the rear as well.
		The second Battle for Ypres (April to May 1915) opened with a Chlorine gas attack by the Germans, This opened a large gap in the British lines, But the Germans were unable to exploit the situation, before the British and Canadians had filled the gap with reserves.
		The Third Battle for Ypres in July to November 1917, is known as Passchendale.
	www.armyprints.com /battle_of_ypres.htm (1050 words)

	55 'The Residency ' Bty RA
		From the 1st to the 17th November, The Residency was successfully defended by the loyalist troops and the union flag kept flying.
		The Aisne.1st Battle of Ypres and in Salonika and in 1919 Gallipoli.Between the wars the Battery served in England, as a troop of mounted riflemen and then returned to India.
		At 0001 hrs on October 1st 1992 the Battery title was transferred to the HQ Battery of 26 Regt Royal Artillery, based in Gutersloh, Germany.
	www.webspawner.com /users/mick759 (715 words)

	21st Battalion History The Third Battle of Ypres
		This pill box method of defence is very effective as long as the whole system hangs out but as soon as one or two are captured or put out of action, the others can be approached from their "blind spot" which is no longer covered by machine gun fire from the flank.
		It was a fair battle, the enemy having the advantage of half an hours concentrated artillery fire on our lines but the fact that we reached our objectives according to plan and held or improved them speaks for itself.
		Ypres in the autumn in 1917 was an area of muddy shell holes over which only the paths were corduroy roads and duckboard tracks.
	www.nashos.org.au /21_hist_IX.htm (977 words)

	1st Battalion
		The Bn were involved in the 1st battle of Ypres from the 22nd October to the 13th November.
		They were preparing to join in the Battle of the Somme and their major action there was on the 27th July at Delville Wood.
		By the 1st May there was only enough men left to form two companies of 4 officers and 100 ORs each which was joined with the 23rd Royal Fusilers to form a composite battalion.
	www.purley.demon.co.uk /1-RBR/G1801R1Bn.htm (654 words)

	Western Front Association Contributed Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		He was the commander in 1914 of the Cavalry Division in the retreat from Mons (August) and the 1st Battle of Ypres (October).
		In 1915, he led the Cavalry V Corps at the 2nd Battle of Ypres (April-May) and Frezenberg Ridge (May).
		The first, on 1st November 1917, was to be an advance along the Mediterranean cost towards Gaza to be followed, on 2nd November 1917, by a second attack to capture Sheikh Hassan north of Gaza; uniquely with the support of six tanks.
	www.westernfront.co.uk /thegreatwar/articles/research/onlytriumphantcampaign1917.htm (2459 words)

	The Great War: Second Battle of Ypres, 1915
		The Second Battle of Ypres, as it is known in British military history, encompassed four battles in the northern sector of the Ypres Salient.
		The first part of the study of the Battle of Gravenstafel Ridge covers the period from the launch of the German gas attack at 5pm on 22 April through to the situation at the end of the day.
		Reference works used to research this battle study are included in the bibliography.
	www.greatwar.co.uk /westfront/ypsalient/secondypres (414 words)

	Battle of Ypres
		When the first German attack on the Ypres salient in November 1914, culminated in a charge of the Prussian Guard on November 11th, Sergeant Clarke was stationed with his troop of the 15th Hussars and a party of Turcos in the Chateau of Herentage with orders to hold it at all cost.
		On the 1st November 1914, at Ypres, when the guns of the 150th Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, were being continually employed in shelling the enemy, a breech mechanism of a gun at which Sergeant D. Bailey was working became overheated and resulted in premature firing, causing the carriage to recoil.
		At Ypres, Quartermaster-Sergeant Downs was largely responsible for the training of the machine gunners of the 1st Cheshire Regiment, who did brilliant work in the early stages of the campaign.
	www.first-world-war.com /battle_of_ypes.htm (3291 words)

	The Great War In Flanders - The Battles of Ypres
		This was the First Battle of Ypres, which raged from 22nd October to 22nd November 1914.
		This greatest British offensive was initially successful with the mine battle of the Messines Ridge (7th June 1917), but the battle for Passendale (Passchendaele) ended as a catastrophe.
		But the German resources were exhausted and the Americans got involved in the battle bringing vital resource and reinforcements to the Allies.
	www.salientpoints.com /battleofypres1.htm (359 words)

	Timeline 1914
		Battle of the Frontiers - Lorraine and Ardennes
		Battle of the Frontiers - Charleroi and Mons
		December 4, 1914: Naval engagement between British and German cruisers at the Battle of the Falkland Islands.
	computasaur.tripod.com /ww1/id3.html (508 words)

	1BW 1881-1975 (The Black Watch) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Battle of Ypres the Battalion lost 29 officers and 478 men, but, did wipe out one of the crack Prussian's Guard Regiments.
		Battalions landed in May 1915, and at the Battle of Festubert six of the Regiment’s Battalions were engaged in battle.
		Battle of Arras in the Spring of 1917.
	users.tinyonline.co.uk /blackwatch/his4.htm (2644 words)

	SikhSpectrum.com Monthly. The Armistice Day
		he 1st Connaught Rangers - the British battalion that belonged to the Ferozepore Brigade - were the first to have their baptism of fire.
		In fact, the British Indian Army Corps was only deployed twice in the Salient, but each time at very crucial moments, at the end of October 1914 during the 1st Battle of Ypres, and at the end of April 1915, during the 2nd Battle.
		During the 2nd Battle of Ieper, the 47 Sikh Regiment fought alone on 27 April 1915 and lost 348 men out of a total of 444.
	www.sikhspectrum.com /112003/armistice.htm (1521 words)

	The Battle of the Somme (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Part of the 88th brigade in the 29th British Division, the 1st Newfoundland Regiment was assigned a role with the second attacking wave.
		If they managed to emerge through these gaps, the men of the 1st Newfoundland Regiment then discovered that at least 500 metres of open ground lay between them and the fully intact first line of German defences.
		Decades ago, the 1st Newfoundland Regiment fought for the land in front of a rocky hilltop now marked by a bronze statue of a caribou - the symbol of the regiment and the crowning piece of the Newfoundland Beaumont-Hamel Memorial.
	www.cdli.ca /beaumont/somme2.htm (1222 words)

	Douglas Haig
		Haig helped found the British Expeditionary Force and in 1914 he was promoted to Lieutenant General and placed in command of the 1st Army Corps.
		Following relative successes at Mons and Ypres (1st Battle of Ypres), Haig was promoted to full General and made second-in-command of the British forces in France under Sir John French.
		He directed several British campaigns, including the disastrous British offensive at the Somme, in which his side lost over 400,000 casualties while ultimately taking only few kilometers of ground, and the campaign at Passchendaele (3rd Battle of Ypres).
	jenson.fastload.org /do/Douglas_Haig.html (329 words)

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