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Topic: 2003 Mauritania election

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	CHARLES BRAY's Mauritani Journal
		Mauritania is nearly twice the size of France, yet it has only 2.25 million people.
		Elections were held a year later, and President Moaouia Ould Sidi Mohammed Taya was returned to office, although the election result was disputed by the opposition.
		Mauritania is a highly centralized Islamic republic dominated by a strong presidency.
	www.greatestcities.com /users/cbray5003/Africa/Mauritania (962 words)

	Polity IV Country Report 2003: Mauritania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The five-party Opposition Front coalition boycotted the 1997 election after President Taya failed to correct the electoral irregularities that produced a landslide victory for his party in the 1996 legislative elections.
		Mauritania is a highly authoritarian polity dominated by President Taya and his Parti Republican Democratique et Social (PRDS).
		Contributing to the poor human rights record in Mauritania are the long-standing ethnic rivalries between the Arab-speaking white Moors (consisting of 30% of the total population) who dominate the upper echelons of government, the fl Moors (40%) and the fl Mauritanians (30%).
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/polity/Maa1.htm (505 words)

	Mauritania. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Mauritania’s economy is sharply divided between a traditional agricultural sector and a modern mining industry that was developed in the 1960s.
		In the 14th and 15th cent., SE Mauritania was part of the empire of Mali, centered along the upper Niger.
		In 1993 the United States ended development aid to Mauritania in protest against the country’s oppression of its fl citizens and its support of Iraq during the Persian Gulf War; the government subsequently moved toward a pro-Western position.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ma/Mauritan.html (1576 words)

	Mauritania LEADERSHIP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Serious discord developed between France and Mauritania in July of 1999 regarding the arrest in France of a Mauritanian army officer on charges stemming from allegations of torture in a prison in Nouakchott in 1990 and 1991.
		Amid claims of election rigging, a new Constitution was approved in July 1991 that gave the president extensive powers and put no term limits on his service.
		Multiparty municipal elections were held in 1994, and the PRDS won control of 172 of the nation's 208 administrative districts.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /World-Leaders-2003/Mauritania-LEADERSHIP.html (420 words)

	Mauritania FOREIGN POLICY
		The Taya government claims that some of these people were launching raids against Mauritania, and thus are not refugees in the view of his government.
		Following the 1998 presidential election, the fisheries minister announced that Mauritania and Senegal soon would begin renegotiating the 1983 fishing convention, and that Senegalese fishing boats seized by the Mauritanian coast guard would be returned.
		Mauritania has pursued regional agreements with its neighbors, in an effort to reduce cross-border strife.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /World-Leaders-2003/Mauritania-FOREIGN-POLICY.html (529 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| International \| Mauritania's hour postponed
		Mauritania is a multi-racial country in which the only common denominator is the Islamic faith.
		Mauritania and Senegal fought a border dispute in 1991-92 which killed hundreds and rendered thousands on both sides of the border homeless.
		Mauritania has been ruled by a series of military strongmen since the country's late first President Mukhtar Ould Daddah -- who died in Paris last month -- was ousted in a 1978 coup d'état.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2003/664/in5.htm (1401 words)

	Mauritania
		President Taya won the November elections with 67 percent of the vote amid widespread reports of fraud, particularly in the southern part of the country.
		The elections were generally well organized; however, international observers noted that government manipulation weakened the chances for opposition candidates.
		Foreign diplomats and local observers noted that the elections generally were fair and transparent with some irregularities, such as voters casting ballots at two different polling stations in a small number of precincts.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/29677.htm (8478 words)

	Politics of Mauritania - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Politics of Mauritania takes place in a framework of a military ruled republic, whereby the Chairman of the Military Council for Justice and Democracy is both head of state and head of government.
		In October 2001, Mauritania held its third legislative and fifth municipal elections since the establishment of multi-party politics under the 1991 constitution.
		Mauritania's presidential election, its third since adopting the democratic process in 1992, took place on November 7, 2003.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Politics_of_Mauritania (1782 words)

	Index Be-Bh
		The general election in November 1994 was a battle between the affable, mature Theodore and the fervent, young Beasley.
		Elections held on May 13, 2001, returned him to power at the head of the five-party "Freedom House" coalition of Forza Italia, the National Alliance, the Northern League, the Christian Democratic Centre, and the United Christian Democrats.
		In elections held in October 1993 the PPP won a plurality of votes, and Bhutto again became head of a coalition government, but under renewed charges of corruption and mismanagement she was dismissed in November 1996 by Pres.
	www.rulers.org /indexb2.html (16249 words)

	OTAL - Mauritania Ministry
		In the April elections of 1992 the pro-government Democratic and Social Republic Party (PDRS) won 37 seats in contrast to the opposition's 16.
		Foreign observers were not invited to monitor the elections, and polls were organised by the interior ministry, which has rejected the fraud allegations.
		Provisional results from Friday's parliamentary elections in Mauritania show that the ruling party, the Democratic and Social Republican Party or PRDS, has won a majority in the national assembly.
	www.otal.com /mauritania/mauritaniaministry.htm (1010 words)

	Mauritania: History, Geography, Government, and Culture — FactMonster.com
		Mauritania was first inhabited by fls and Berbers, and it was a center for the Berber Almoravid movement in the 11th century, which sought to spread Islam through western Africa.
		Mauritania became an independent nation on Nov. 28, 1960, and was admitted to the United Nations in 1961 over the strenuous opposition of Morocco, which claimed the territory.
		Mauritania: Economy - Economy Mauritania's economy is sharply divided between a traditional agricultural sector and a...
	www.factmonster.com /ipka/A0107771.html (770 words)

	National Alliance of Gang Investigators' Associations
		From the 3rd to 7th centuries, the migration of Berber tribes from North Africa displaced the Bafours, the original inhabitants of present-day Mauritania and the ancestors of the Soninke.
		Mauritania's last presidential election, its third since adopting the democratic process in 1992, took place on November 7, 2003.
		Mauritania is eligible for U.S. trade benefits under the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), but did not export any products to the US under these benefits during the first half of 2003 (last available data).
	www.nagia.org /international/Mauritania.htm (2196 words)

	Epochtimes English Edition-
		Mauritania, though, is a deeply divided society, and while there are many who want change, there are others who are happy to maintain the status quo.
		On the night that election results were released, after the prayers and the feast that marks the end of the day during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, they took to the streets to celebrate.
		The elections may be over, but the call for change is not going away.
	english.epochtimes.com /news/3-11-9/13950.html (712 words)

	Mauritania - Thematic Reports
		According to the information received, the election was characterized by several irregularities contrary to law, including the public display of votes and the invalidation of postal votes.
		In the second vote, the supporters of the winner of the first election refused to participate and a member of the governing political party was subsequently elected as the new president.
		With regard to policies and programmes, the report notes, among other things: the publication of a booklet in 2000, advising women of their rights; the public policy of the government that FGM should be eliminated and the barring of hospitals from performing it; the government policy to end gavage, the forced feeding of adolescent girls.
	www.hri.ca /fortherecord2003/vol2/mauritaniatr.htm (589 words)

	Mauritania Western-Allied Leader Winning
		Mauritania's U.S.- and Israeli-allied longtime leader was winning presidential elections in the Arab-dominated desert nation Saturday, beating a challenger who was backed by Islamic fundamentalists and liberal reformers alike, preliminary results showed.
		Elections: The President was elected by popular vote for a six-year term on December 12, 1997 (next election will be held in November 2003).
		Election results: President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed TAYA was reelected with 90.9% of the vote in 1997.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1017442/posts (991 words)

	CNN.com - World - Election Watch
		Mauritania's multiparty civilian government was approved by referendum as part of the present constitution on July 20, 1991.
		In this election, Maaouya Ould Sid' Ahmed TAYA received 62.82% of the vote and thus defeated Ahmed Ould DADDAH, his closest competitor with 32.93% of the vote.
		This election was the second multiparty election held in Mauritania.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/election.watch/africa/mauritania.html (121 words)

	CNN.com - Mauritania's security forces arrest opposition leader after election - Nov. 10, 2003
		Mauritania, an Islamic republic straddling Arab and African worlds on the edge of the Sahara, has never experienced a peaceful transfer of power since independence from France in 1960.
		Taya held presidential elections in 1992 and 1997, but the opposition said both votes were deeply flawed.
		Mauritania remains the only Arab League nation to retain full ties to Israel; Egypt and Jordan withdrew their ambassadors from there in protest of Israeli-Palestinian violence.
	cnn.com /2003/WORLD/africa/11/09/mauritania.election.ap/index.html (682 words)

	Western Sahara
		Sahrawis (as the persons native to the territory are called) live in the area controlled by Morocco, as refugees in Algeria near the border with Morocco, and to a lesser extent, in Mauritania.
		In the September 2002 parliamentary elections, Sahrawis whose political views were aligned with the Moroccan Government filled all the seats allotted to the Western Sahara.
		There was no progress during the year on local elections to choose members to the proposed new Royal Advisory Council on the Western Sahara that the King had announced in 1999.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/27941.htm (2185 words)

	Politics of Mauritania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In October 2001, Mauritania held its third legislative and fifth municipal elections since the opening of multiparty Politics under the 1991 constitution.
		President Taya, who won elections in 1992 and 1997 and 2003, first became chief of state through a December 12, 1984 bloodless coup which made him chairman of the committee of military officers that governed Mauritania from July 1978 to April 1992.
		See 2003 Mauritania election Politics in Mauritania have always been heavily influenced by personalities, with any leader's ability to exercise political power dependent upon control over resources; perceived ability or integrity; and tribal, ethnic, family, and personal considerations.
	politics-of-mauritania.iqnaut.net (667 words)

	A short history of Mauritania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In 1904 Mauritania becomes a French protectorate, that joins French West Africa in 1904.
		Between 1976 and 1978 Mauritania claims the southern part of the former Spanish Sahara.
		Most opposition parties boycot the first legislative election in 1992, and for nearly a decade the parliament is dominated by Taya's Parti Républicain Démocratique et Social (Social and Democratic Republican Party, PRDS).
	www.electionworld.org /history/mauritania.htm (327 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > World -- Mauritania's president seeks another six-year term
		Under Taya, Mauritania's foreign policy has evolved from early 1990s Gulf War support for Saddam Hussein to cracking down on rallies and alleged recruiting on behalf of Saddam this year during the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq.
		Mauritania today is allied with the United States and is one of only three Arab League nations to have extended diplomatic recognition to Israel – a hot-button campaign issue alongside jobs and increased personal freedoms.
		Haidalla and Ahmed Ould Daddah, a brother of Mauritania's post-independence leader, Mokhtar Ould Daddah, are believed to be the main threats to Taya's re-election.
	signonsandiego.com /news/world/20031107-0412-mauritania-election.html (883 words)

	Comoros - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Presidential elections for the Union of the Comoros were won by Colonel Assoumani Azali, who was inaugurated on 26 May. Following the elections, the four presidents and island representatives met regularly to discuss power-sharing arrangements between the central and island governments.
		Opposition candidates boycotted the second round of Union presidential elections and the campaigns were marred by violence.
		On election day, 12 people were reportedly wounded seriously on Njazidja when security forces attempted to reopen polling stations allegedly closed by opposition forces, and eight ballot boxes were destroyed.
	web.amnesty.org /report2003/com-summary-eng (449 words)

	Successful ballot will require run-off: Angus Reid Global Monitor
		In November 2003, Taya was elected to a new term in office.
		While Mauritania remains one of the worldâs poorest nations, the Chinguetti and Tiof offshore oil and natural gas reserves are seen as a possible source of revenue.
		The legislative election, considered as the first step in Mauritaniaâs return to democracy, is scheduled for Nov. 19.
	www.angus-reid.com /tracker/index.cfm/fuseaction/viewItem/itemID/13460 (624 words)

	Taipei Times - archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Mauritania's opposition accused authorities in the West African nation on Saturday of rigging an election won by President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya and said it would challenge the result by all legal means.
		Taya won two-thirds of the votes in Friday's poll while main challenger Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, the man he ousted in a coup to embark on his iron-fisted 19-year rule, was a distant second with 18.7 percent, official results showed.
		Five months ago, renegade soldiers tried to depose Taya but the uprising was swiftly crushed and the president clamped down on the Islamic radicals he blamed for the attempted putsch.
	www.taipeitimes.com /News/world/archives/2003/11/10/2003075332/print (409 words)

	Document: Constitution of Qatar, 2003
		The election system should be laid out by a law, defining the terms and conditions of nomination and election.
		The election of the new council shall be conducted ninety days before the end of the tenure of the previous one.
		If the elections cannot be held or are delayed, for any reason, at the end of the previous council’s tenure it will continue to be in office until the election.
	www.al-bab.com /arab/docs/qatar/constitution2003.htm (6072 words)

	CNN.com - Ex-Saddam supporter, now U.S. ally, is reelected - Nov. 8, 2003
		Taya had needed a 50 percent showing to avoid a runoff in Mauritania, a nation straddling Arab and African worlds on the edge of the Sahara.
		Taya's regime rejected European Union election observers, and was accused of closing election venues to both local and international monitors.
		In 1999, Mauritania became one of only three countries in the Arab League to establish full diplomatic relations with Israel.
	www.cnn.com /2003/WORLD/africa/11/08/mauritania.elections.ap/index.html (796 words)

	[No title]
		The draft annual work plan 2003 was prepared by the Executive Board secretariat in consultation with the Bureau of the Executive Board.
		At the first regular session 2003, the Administrator will report to the Executive Board on the findings and recommendations of the independent assessment mission, which took place in May and June 2002, in his note on assistance to Myanmar (DP/2003/3).
		In 2003, a key activity will be to build on the achievements of the transition process and implement the remaining recommendations of the field needs assessment study that UNFPA conducted in 2001.
	www.unfpa.org /exbrd/2003/firstsession/dp2003crp1.doc (1260 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Middle East \| Country profiles \| Timeline: Mauritania
		Guerrillas of the Polisario front, aiming to establish an independent state in the territory, fight the forces of both countries.
		2003 December - Former President Haidallah is fined and given suspended prison sentence for plotting coup.
		Senatorial elections have been set for January 2007 and presidential polls for March.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/middle_east/country_profiles/2483315.stm (623 words)

	Elections in Mauritania - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Prior to the coup d'etat of August 2005, Mauritania was a one party dominant state with the Democratic and Social Republican Party in power.
		Mauritania elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature.
		Parliamentary elections were held on November 19, 2006, and the next presidential election will follow in March 2007.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elections_in_Mauritania (434 words)

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