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Topic: 26th of July Revolutionary Movement

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	26th of July Movement - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The 26th of July Movement (Spanish: Movimiento 26 de Julio; M-26-7) was the revolutionary organization led by Fidel Castro that in 1959 overthrew the Fulgencio Batista regime in Cuba.
		The movement was reorganized in Mexico in 1955 by a group of 82 exiled revolutionaries (including Fidel and his brother Raúl Castro, as well as the Argentinian Che Guevara).
		The flag of the 26th of July Movement is on the shoulder of the Cuban military uniform.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/26th_of_July_Movement (358 words)

	Cuban Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Cuban Revolution was the overthrow of Fulgencio Batista’s regime by the 26th of July Movement and the establishment of a new Cuban government led by Fidel Castro in the 1950s.
		It began with the assault on the Moncada Barracks on July 26, 1953, and ended on January 1, 1959, when Batista was driven from the country and the cities Santa Clara and Santiago de Cuba were seized by rebels, led by Che Guevara and Fidel Castro's surrogates Raúl Castro and Huber Matos, respectively.
		In July 1961, the Integrated Revolutionary Organizations (IRO) was formed by the merger of Fidel Castro's 26th of July Revolutionary Movement, the People's Socialist Party (the old Communist Party) led by Blas Roca and the Revolutionary Directory March 13th led by Faure Chomón.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cuban_revolutionary_war (1872 words)

	Please title this page. (cuba-prg.html)
		With regard to democracy, the 26th of July Movement still considers valid the Jeffersonian philosophy and fully identifies with Lincoln's statement, "government of the people, by the people and for the people." Democracy cannot be the government of a race, class, or religion, it must be the government of all the people.
		The 26th of July Movement is determined to achieve the ideal of a democratic republic, inspired in the credo of freedom and founded in the character and capacity of its citizens.
		The 26th of July Movement will propose a juridical project to guarantee as a fundamental issue the validity of the citizen's vote, providing at the same time the necessary educational means that will secure the certainty that that vote is at all times the spontaneous manifestation of a conscious and constructive public opinion.
	www.units.muohio.edu /history/zinsser/cuba-prg.html (7942 words)

	The Revolutionary Movement
		The members of the 26th of July movement in Santiago de Cuba, under the command of Frank País had prepared an uprising as a backup for the landing, but, as the landing had been programmed for two days before, the uprising had ended in an unfortunate failure.
		At the beginning of 1958, the revolutionary movement decides to speed up the offensive against the tyranny by means of a revolutionary general strike that at the same time had characteristics of insurrection.
		The strike of April 9 was unsuccessful and this was a serious setback for the revolutionary movement in the cities.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/cuba/movement.htm (1213 words)

	Rise to Power (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Castro’s revolutionary movement unified the clases populares, while the clases economicas were divided among Batista and his moderate opposition.
		Movement, or the M-26-7, began on that day in 1953 with an unsuccessful attack on the Moncada Barracks led by Fidel Castro.
		Movement were intransigent in their summons for national regeneration.
	www.trincoll.edu /~jdivney/rise.htm (2084 words)

	Fidel Castro
		In response Castro organized a disastrous armed attack on the Moncada Barracks in Oriente province on July 26, 1953.
		Over eighty of the attackers were killed, and Castro was taken prisoner, tried, and sentenced to fifteen years in prison.
		He returned to Cuba with a number of other exiles as the 26th of July Revolutionary Movement.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ca/Castro.html (1123 words)

	The 26th of July Movement Since the Abortive General Strike of April 9, 1958 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Although the Cuban Government has consistently charged that 26th of July Movement is penetrated and influenced by communism, little evidence exists to prove these allegations, although there are continuing reports that some communists have entered the lower ranks of the rebel forces.
		However, the dominant role achieved by the 26th of July Movement and the irresponsibility and youthful ambitions of its leadership lend serious doubt to the prospect of its continued cooperation with these groups.
		Should the 26th of July Movement try to "go it alone", without the restraining influence of the more moderate members from other opposition groups, continued civil strife and violence would be expected.
	www.latinamericanstudies.org /cable/cable-8-15-58.htm (613 words)

	Che Guevara hero file
		The new revolutionary government quickly arrests and tries the 'Batistianos', the supporters of the Batista regime, for alleged atrocities committed during the dictator's rule.
		Meanwhile, the 26th of July Revolutionary Movement is merged with the Communist Party of Cuba.
		In July he travels to the Congo with a group of Cuban volunteers to ferment a rebellion in the eastern part of what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
	www.moreorless.au.com /heroes/guevara.html (4001 words)

	Cuba POLITICAL PARTIES
		Along with it, in 1959, the Student Revolutionary Directorate (Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil) and the Communist Party (Partido Socialista Popular—PSP) were permitted to function.
		The PSP condemned his early attempts at insurrection as "putschism," and did not support the 26th of July Movement until it had reached its final stages in 1958.
		By 1962, the 26th of July Movement, the Student Revolutionary Directorate, and the PSP had merged into the Integrated Revolutionary Organization (Organización Revolucionaria Integrada), which, in turn, gave way to the United Party of the Socialist Revolution (Partido Unido de la Revolución Socialista) and, in 1965, to the Cuban Communist Party (Partido Comunista Cubano—PCC).
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Americas/Cuba-POLITICAL-PARTIES.html (297 words)

	Cuba - Political Flags
		The Movement adopted this name as it was on 26 July 1953 that the struggle began to evict the tyrant from the Presidency.
		From that point to the final victory, the 26 July Movement become known the length and breadth of the country, its emblem stuck on doors and windows as a sign of approval.
		That was probably the 26 July Movement flag that was used by the revolutionaries.
	www.fotw.us /flags/cu}.html (1784 words)

	Revolutionary Youth
		The Russian revolutionary Vladamir Lenin once pointed out the tendency of the ruling class to “co-opt” revolutionaries after their deaths, turning them into mere “logos” which they attempt to render meaningless by separating the individual from what it is they stood for.
		On January 1st, 1959, the 26th of July Movement called for a general strike – to serve as a final blow – which lead to the victory of the revolution.
		The death was considered a severe blow to the revolutionary movement and deeply saddened oppressed people around the world.
	www.freepeoplesmovement.org /ry/rya5a.html (3656 words)

	The men who left the 26th of July movement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The democratic members of the movement who fought side by side with him in the Sierra Maestra mountains and were in the underground in the cities and towns are dead, in jail or in exile.
		He refused, was given a dishonorable discharge and then joined the 26th of July movement.
		He had impeccable credentials as a founder of the revolutionary movement with Castro before the attack on the Moncada barracks.
	www.sigloxxi.org /Archivo/menleft.htm (931 words)

	Free College Essays.com - Free Essays, Term Papers and Book Reports.
		July 26, 1953, marked the first public activity of the most pending revolution.
		When the expected revolutionary uprising failed to develop, Castro and his surviving revolutionaries fled to the Sierra Maestra mountains to regroup and build a base for traditional guerilla warfare against the Batista regime.
		As he built up his revolutionary army, Castro moved to a conventional guerilla warfare, one that depended upon the support of the rural people for subsistence, protection, and intelligence.
	www.free-college-essays.com /Geography/2783-Cuba.html (4484 words)

	Brief Cuban History
		The inertia and incapacity of the bourgeois political parties to oppose the military regime -even some of those parties joined the regime in one way or another- was in sharp contrast with the belligerence of the popular sectors, especially with that of the young generation which had just been born to political life.
		During the trial, the young revolutionary leader delivered a bright self-defense allegation -later known as History Will Absolve Me- in which he argued the right of the people to uprise against the tyranny and explained the causes, ways and objectives of the struggle they had planned to carry out.
		That same year the Movimiento Revolucionario 26 de Julio (26th of July Revolutionary Movement) is created by Fidel Castro and his comrades, and a year later the Directorio Revolucionario (Revolutionary Directorate) by the most combative university students.
	www.cubagob.cu /otras_info/historia/i_neo3.html (778 words)

	Fidel Castro and the 26th of July Movement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The 26th of July is the most sacred day of Cuba's communist revolution, commemorating 51 years since that fateful day that began the insurrection against Fulgencio Batista.
		On July 26, 1953, Fidel Castro, along with his brother Raúl, led an attack on a remote outpost, the Moncada Barracks, in Oriente province, the easternmost province of Cuba.
		In the chaos that followed, 56 revolutionaries were killed, the majority of them after their capture, in retaliation for the infirmary massacre.
	www.newsmax.com /archives/articles/2004/7/27/110928.shtml (2641 words)

	granma.cu - The struggle for unity was the key to the Cuban revolutionary process
		Speaking on behalf of his fighting comrades in the Movement, Enrique Oltusky highlighted how the youth of his generation, without having any philosophical training or homogenous politics, understood that traditional politics was not the way to transform the country and, in spite of tactical differences, shared similar strategic ideas for the struggle.
		Joan Cabo Mijares, president of the Federation of University Students (FEU), pointed to the historical links of the university organization with the struggle of the 26th of July Movement and affirmed that 50 years later young Cubans are continuing the struggle, as the enemy is the same.
		The Final Declaration of the Scientific Workshop, unanimously passed by all participants, inscribes the effective creation of the Movement in the planning of the Moncada assault, while recognizing its formal constitution on June 12, 1955 as a highly significant landmark on the road that led to the victory of the Cuban Revolution.
	www.granma.cu /ingles/2005/junio/lunes13/25lucha.html (344 words)

	Revolutionary Youth
		Fidel and the others in prison built their movement, the “26th of July Movement” (named after the date of their attack on the Moncada Barracks) with the help of supporters throughout Cuba,.
		Soon afterwards, due to death threats from Batista’s forces, Fidel and others from the 26th of July Movement were forced to leave Cuba, and went into exile in Mexico.
		On March 13, 1957, a group of students, the Revolutionary Directorate, attacked the presidential palace, in an attempt to assassinate Batista.
	www.freepeoplesmovement.org /ry/rys5a.html (2827 words)

	V&A - Che Guevara: Revolutionary & Icon - The Exhibition
		He then continued his own campaign in the Congo and later Bolivia, where he was captured and killed in 1967 as a result of a covert CIA operation.
		In July travels to the Congo with a group of Cuban volunteers to foment a rebellion.
		Che defined a revolutionary as someone who will fight against injustice, wherever he or she may find it.
	www.vam.ac.uk /vastatic/microsites/1541_che/the_exhibition.html (2443 words)

	Learn more about Fidel Castro in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		He returned to Cuba with a number of other exiles, clandestinely sailing from Mexico to Cuba on the small ship Granma.
		They were called the 26th of July Revolutionary Movement.
		On May 24, 1958, Batista launched seventeen battalions against Castro in Operación Verano.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /f/fi/fidel_castro.html (1844 words)

	The History Place - This Month in History
		She was the founder of the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and established Catholic schools, orphanages, convents and hospitals.
		Five days later, July 21, following an extensive search, the bodies were recovered from the plane wreckage in 116 feet of water roughly 7 miles off Martha's Vineyard.
		- Nelson Mandela was born the son of a Tembu tribal chieftain on July 18, 1918, at Qunu, near Umtata, in South Africa.
	www.historyplace.com /specials/calendar/july.htm (4182 words)

	July 27, 2005
		Subsequently, on July 22th, there were various arrests and aggressions against multiple dissident leaders, in order to prevent a public protest in front of the French Embassy in Havana, with the result of several people detained.
		The priest is well known because he preaches forgiveness, reconciliation and non-violence, and his arrest has been a surprise to many, which indicates that he is only guilty of bringing spiritual assistance to those who most need it.
		1.- In relation with the incidents of July 13th, we could confirm the arrest of at least 24 opponents, six of which are still in a provincial prison, charged with public disorder, which presupposes convictions up to three years in prison.
	www.cartadecuba.org /july_27,_2005.htm (1623 words)

	The My Hero Project - Fidel Castro
		In July 26, 1953, Castro launched an attack on the Moncada Barracks that was a complete failure, landing him in prison for treason.
		Castro and his long-haired revolutionary "army" made their victorious entry into Havana heralding the dawn of a new era of equality and justice for Cuba, a nation that had been besieged by dictatorships since the inception of its independence in 1902.
		In an attempt to export his revolutionary goals, he supported a number of other revolutionary movements in Latin America and Africa.
	myhero.com /myhero/hero.asp?hero=Fidel_Castro (2427 words)

	Spain's Revolutionary Anarchist Movement
		Spain, however, it was halted for a while by the world's strongest anarchist movement.
		With the rebels supported by the military and police, and the government in ruins, the worker and peasants seized the administration of the country and organised a voluntary, revolutionary militia to fight the well-armed fascists.
		This revolutionary transformation involved eight million men, women and children, fighting against overwhelming odds to realise their anarchist society.
	flag.blackened.net /liberty/spain-rev.html (902 words)

	The True History of Castro / NewsMax.com - Cuba News / Noticias - CubaNet News
		Wednesday, July 26, Year 2000 marks the formal beginning of Fidel Castro's rise to Communist-enforced power in Cuba via his infamous "26th of July Movement." It is well to consider what it has done to U.S.-Cuban relations.
		Back to Cuba in 1953, it was on the 26th of July that, with his younger brother Raul, he launched his "26th of July Movement" by leading a small band of young Cubans in a failed attack on Dictator Batista's Moncada barracks and civil buildings in Santiago, Baymo and Siboney.
		The objective of that failed attack was, of course, the hope of inspiring a general uprising against Batista in Castro's native Oriente Province.
	www.cubanet.org /CNews/y00/jul00/26e13.htm (1151 words)

	Chronology of Political Events, 1954-1992
		It covers key events in international and U.S. politics; mass movements and popular struggles; and especially developments on the U.S. left and within the current which came to be known as the New Communist Movement.
		July: Sudden recall of 1,390 Soviet advisers, academics and engineers from China, taking blueprints and plans with them; 343 contracts and 257 scientific and technical projects are scrapped as a result.
		July 2: Civil Rights Act of 1964 passed in Congress; it is signed by President Johnson on July 3; later it is upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court.
	www.revolutionintheair.com /chron/chron1.html (11574 words)

	CBC The Passionate Eye Sunday Showcase: Comandante, Biography of Castro
		The passion and drama of the event compel Castro to consider guerilla warfare as a means of revolutionary change.
		He goes to Mexico and organizes Cuban exiles into a fighting force called the 26th of July Revolutionary Movement.
		Casto's movement grows in popularity as he promises class and farming reforms and an end to Batista's corrupt government.
	www.cbc.ca /passionateeyesunday/comandante/timeline.html (864 words)

	Colony Cuba Penal, Colony Cuba Penal resources
		In July 1961, the Integrated Revolutionary Organizations (ORI) was formed by the merger of Fidel Castro's 26th of July Revolutionary Movement, the People's Socialist Party (the old Communist Party) led by Blas Roca and the Revolutionary Directory March 13th led by Faure Chomón.
		On 9 July 2006 Jose Ramos Horta, the 1996 Nobel Peace Laureate, was appointed caretaker prime minister of Timor Leste.
		movement to liberate a colony, and this is why it...
	www.cubas.co.uk /ColonyCubaPenal (2169 words)

	Fidel Castro Ruz biography - Cuba Culture News - Havana Journal
		He then went to Mexico and organized Cuban exiles into another fighting force called the 26th of July Revolutionary Movement.
		His movement grew to 800 men, and scored victory after victory.
		Castro has supported a number of other revolutionary movements in Latin America and Africa.
	havanajournal.com /culture/entry/fidel_castro_ruz_biography (740 words)

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