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Topic: 2MASS

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	2mass (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Observations for the Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) began in 1997 and were completed in 2001 at two telescopes located one each in the northern and southern hemispheres (Mt. Hopkins Arizona and Cerro Tololo/CTIO Chile, respectively) to ensure coverage of the entire sky.
		The resulting data and images from the survey are currently in the public domain, and may be accessed online for free by anyone at [1] (although interpretation and use of this data may require an advanced degree).
		2MASS is sponsored by the University of Massachusetts (aka UMass, and the origin of the survey name), the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC, run by JPL and Caltech), NASA, and the NSF.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /2mass.html (380 words)

	About 2MASS
		The northern 2MASS facility began routine operations in 1997 June, and the southern facility in 1998 March.
		The 2MASS project involves the participation of members of the Science Team from several different institutions.
		The 2MASS Sampler of one northern night's of data (63 square degrees of sky).
	www.ipac.caltech.edu /2mass/overview/about2mass.html (1149 words)

	2MASS at CfA
		We are using the 2MASS galaxy catalog to provide both a significantly improved density field map and an improved velocity field map.
		We have also cross correlated the final 2MASS XSC with the SDSS and UZC (Updated Zwicky) catalogs to see who is missing what.
		Upon examination, the objects that are in the UZC but not 2MASS XSC are primarily low surface brightness dwarf falaxies, often irregulars, that have no nucleus and low surface brightness.
	www.cfa.harvard.edu /~huchra/2mass (1171 words)

	Putting The Sky On Your Desk
		In the distant reaches of the universe, 2MASS discovered a new population of dust-obscured active galaxies, quasars and super-massive fl holes.
		The 2MASS project is a collaborative effort between the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) in Pasadena, CA, operated by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and the California Institute of Technology, both in Pasadena.
		The University of Massachusetts was responsible for the development and construction of the 2MASS telescopes and cameras and currently manages the collection of survey data.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/telescopes-00c.html (613 words)

	Press Release - ASTRONOMERS IMAGE UNIVERSE'S FIERY YOUTH - 02-003
		Each 2MASS image is a short exposure, typically just eight seconds long, but some areas of the sky were electronically photographed as many as 1,000 times.
		Buried within the light detected by 2MASS may also be glimpses of still more ancient light from the first generations of stars, or even the light from powerful bursts of star formation concealed by dust within infant galaxies.
		The 2MASS project is a collaboration between the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. Funding is provided primarily by NASA and the National Science Foundation.
	www.gsfc.nasa.gov /news-release/releases/2002/02-003.htm (1318 words)

	[33.14] 2MASS Extragalactic Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		2MASS provides an unprecedented large, highly uniform set of near infrared photometry for known AGN and QSOs, and has begun to reveal a population of previously unknown red AGN that are as numerous in the local universe as UV/optically-selected examples.
		The photometric sensitivity and uniformity of the 2MASS XSC has engendered a variety of science, including construction of the infrared Tully-Fisher relation, a dense census of the field population and its luminosity function, mapping cluster and super-cluster large-scale structures, classification and morphology of nearby galaxies, and penetration of the Zone of Avoidance.
		It is for this reason, and the overall uniformity, that the 2MASS XSC is a critical resource in construction of source/target lists for ongoing/future spectroscopic (e.g., the CfA redshift survey, the 2DF/6DF surveys) and radio surveys.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v33n2/aas198/182.htm (378 words)

	Astronomical archive produced by 2Mass telescope project now available online
		The telescope was constructed by M3 Engineering (Tucson, AZ) under the direction of 2MASS Project Manager Rae Stiening of the Univ. of Massachussetts.
		"The aim of the 2Mass science team was to produce a comprehensive map of the sky that could be shared with the rest of the science community," said Martin Weinberg, a UMass astronomer who has been closely involved in the project.
		2Mass is a collaboration between the University of Massachusetts Amherst and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-03/uoma-aap032603.php (783 words)

	NASA - A Map of the Sky
		2MASS stands for 2-Micron All Sky Survey, a reference to the 1.25-, 1.65- and 2.17-micron wavelengths which were imaged during the project.
		2MASS has also opened up a treasure trove of new targets for NASA's orbiting Spitzer Space Telescope and the Keck Interferometer, based on the Mauna Kea volcano in Hawaii.
		The 2MASS infrared images are available to anyone with access to the Internet, by visiting the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center's Web site.
	www.nasa.gov /vision/universe/starsgalaxies/f-2mass.html (507 words)

	2MASS Catalog
		The 470-million-source Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) Point Source Catalog was produced by a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation.
		The release covers 99.998% of the sky observed from both the northern 2MASS facility at Mt. Hopkins, AZ, and the southern 2MASS facility at Cerro Tololo, Chile.
		This final processing enabled all data to be run through a single, stable pipeline system that incorporated knowledge gained over the course of the Survey about the telescopes and cameras, the atmosphere and the near infrared sky.
	avalon.star.le.ac.uk /blasta/tmchelp.php (384 words)

	Montage Baseline Background Correction Documentation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This is a result of difference between and variability in the airmass through which the observations were take.
		The algorithm does remove the gross background differences, though there are clearly finer adjustments that require analysis of the overlap regions.
		Since there are 5834400 images in the 2MASS archive, this would translate into approximately 7.8E7 CPU seconds or 2.4 CPU years total processing.
	montage.ipac.caltech.edu /baseline.html (864 words)

	SPACE.com -- The Whole Sky: Pretty Pictures, Hard Data from 6-Year Mapping Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The 2Mass archive, as it's known, has already contributed important findings, such as confirming the existence of failed stars known as brown dwarfs, but it is expected to yield many more findings now that the data is available to all.
		Near-infrared observations reveal intrinsically dim stars and objects whose visible light is obscured by dust, explained Martin Weinberg, a 2Mass scientist at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, where the project is based.
		Which means that while astronomers mine 2Mass for years to come, there is plenty of room for more fresh observational work, too.
	www.space.com /scienceastronomy/2mass_gallery_030408.html (624 words)

	[No title]
		The 2MASS extinction map was compared to that recently derived from DENIS data.
		We infer from the figure that the bias on the 2MASS data is relatively insensitive to the cloud profile shape but it is clearly dependent on profile normalization.
		The extinction affecting the bulk of the Bulge stellar population was determined by matching the upper giant branch found in the {\it$K_s$}, ({\it J-K$_s$}) colour magnitude diagram to the reference upper giant branch built using de-reddened Bulge fields.
	www.aoc.nrao.edu /~gcnews/gcnews/Vol.16/dutra@astro.iag.usp.br_mb948.txt (2573 words)

	[No title]
		The 2MASS infrared map of M giant stars analyzed by Majewski and collaborators is the first to give a complete view of our galaxy's meal of Sagittarius stars, now wrapping like a spaghetti noodle around the Milky Way.
		2MASS was a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology.
		A visible-light (left) vs. 2MASS infrared-light (right) view of the central regions of the Milky Way galaxy graphically illustrating the ability of infrared light to penetrate the obscuring dust.
	www.astro.virginia.edu /~mfs4n/sgr (1310 words)

	National Partnership for Advanced Computational Infrastructure: Archives
		This Atlas Image mosaic was obtained as part of the Two-Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation.
		The 2MASS project is one of the cornerstones of the Digital Sky project.
		The 2MASS image tiles are in time-sequence order, as collected by the two telescopes; the data must be converted to spatial ordering, in which images of the same region of the sky are stored together.
	www.npaci.edu /online/v4.14/allsky.html (1879 words)

	Two-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS)
		The survey is designed to catalogue one million galaxies and 300 million stars in the local universe, along with quasars, which are strong, extremely bright radio sources, and galaxies with fl holes, the intriguing entities with gravity so powerful not even light can escape.
		2MASS will observe many known asteroids and possibly some comets, and it is uniquely sensitive to exotic objects like brown dwarfs, which lack the mass needed to ignite and become full-fledged stars.
		The 2MASS survey is funded by NASA's Office of Space Science, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Naval Observatory and the University of Massachusetts.
	www.xs4all.nl /~carlkop/twin.html (674 words)

	"2Mass" Twin Telescopes Bring the Stars to Earth \| SpaceRef - Your Space Reference
		The images were gathered by the Two-Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), twin infrared telescopes that see wavelengths beyond red light in the rainbow of visible colors.
		UMass was responsible for the development and construction of the 2MASS telescopes and cameras and manages the collection of survey data.
		They also used 2MASS data to discover the coolest known brown dwarfs, or failed stars; detect previously unknown star clusters within, and galaxies beyond, the Milky Way; discover and map regions of space where stars are born; and find a new population of galaxies, quasars, and super-massive fl holes.
	www.spaceref.com /news/viewpr.html?pid=2230 (753 words)

	2MASS Point Source Catalog (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The 470,992,970-source Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) Point Source Catalog was produced by a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation.
		Each telescope is equipped with a three-channel camera, each channel consisting of a 256W256 array of HgCdTe detectors, capable of observing the sky simultaneously at J (1.25 5m), H (1.65 5m), and Ks (2.17 5m).
		The 2MASS Second Incremental Data Release contains Image and Catalog data covering 19,681 square degrees of sky, derived from Survey observations made at the northern 2MASS facility on Mt. Hopkins, AZ, and the southern facility on Cerro Tololo, Chile.
	tdc-www.harvard.edu /software/catalogs/tmpsc.html (412 words)

	ESDCD News: Summer 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		These include 2MASS (10 trillion bytes or 10 TB of data) and the optical observations from the Digitized Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (2 TB of data) and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (eventually 15 TB of data).
		The 2MASS images reside in a mass storage system at SDSC, so Blue Horizon was the natural choice for assembling the mosaic.
		Collaborators on the 2MASS mosaic were Tom Prince (principal investigator (PI)), Bruce Berriman (project manager), Anastasia Clower Laity, John Good, Roy Williams, and Michael Feldmann of Caltech; Joseph Jacob, Daniel Katz, and Atilla Bergou of JPL; and Leesa Brieger, George Kremenek, and Reagan Moore of SDSC.
	esdcd-news.gsfc.nasa.gov /2003.Summer/03.ct-2mass.html (662 words)

	Article - GCNEWS, Vol. 9, May 1999
		The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) is uniformly scanning the entire sky in three near-infrared bands to detect and characterize point sources brighter than about 1 mJy in each band, with signal-to-noise ratio greater than 10, with astrometric accuracy better than 0.5´´.
		2MASS is designed to close the gap between our current technical capability and our knowledge of the near-infrared sky.
		2MASS will characterize the stellar populations and provide precise mapping of the interstellar extinction on small scales over a large spatial area toward the Galactic Center.
	www.aoc.nrao.edu /~gcnews/gcnews/Vol.9/article.shtml (546 words)

	S88B Poster
		On a larger scale (1 deg x 0.5 deg), the stellar counts derived from 2 Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) images are used to determine the extent of the molecular cloud surrounding S88B.
		The image is scaled from 0 (white) to 102 (fl) stars and represents the number of stars measured at each point to determine the dust extinction.
		The regions of overlap between the 2MASS coadd frames are clearly visible due to multiple measurements of the same star in these regions.
	astro.pas.rochester.edu /~jagoetz/S88B2/Welcome.html (2270 words)

	2MASS Telescope Online Archive Completed - Photonics.com Feature Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		"The sky has been surveyed by astronomers before, but by looking at infrared light 2MASS was able to detect some objects that were invisible at optical wavelengths," said Stephen Schneider, another UMass astronomer who is closely involved in the project.
		2MASS is a collaboration between UMass Amherst and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center.
		The survey is primarily funded by NASA's Office of Space Science, with additional funding from the National Science Foundation.
	www.photonics.com /XQ/ASP/url.readarticle/artid.169/QX/readart.htm (755 words)

	Mission accomplished by twin-telescope sky survey
		The 2MASS survey is the most thorough census ever made of our Milky Way galaxy and the nearby universe.
		Infrared light penetrates dust more effectively than visible light, so it is particularly useful for detecting objects obscured within the Milky Way, as well as the faint heat of very cool objects that give off very little visible light of their own.
		The 2MASS project is a collaborative effort between the University of Massachusetts and IPAC.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /releases/2001/2massfinale.html (753 words)

	2MASS Galaxy Colors: Hercules Cluster (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The 2 Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), now underway, will observe somewhere between 1 and 2 million galaxies with high completeness and reliability down to J = 15 and Ks = 13.5 mag.
		As part of a 2MASS engineering and early check-out run the Hercules cluster was observed multiple times to assess photometric repeatibility and completeness amp; reliability.
		A summary of the repeatibility results and sensitivity limits for 2MASS galaxy photometry is given.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v30n2/aas192/abs/S055015.html (166 words)

	The NIRSPEC Brown Dwarf Spectroscopic Survey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Since the entire NIRSPEC-6 bandwidth cannot be simultaneously observed on the detector, two configurations, N6a and N6b, are used to obtain the long wavelength half of the H-band and the K-band, respectively.
		Individual data files contain six lines of introductory text followed by two columns of wavelength (microns) in the first and normalized flambda in the second.
		Composite spectra follow the same prescription except the second column is replaced by flux calibrated data (W m^-2 um^-1) using 2MASS photometry.
	www.astro.ucla.edu /~mclean/BDSSarchive (682 words)

	Unveiling the Infrared Sky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In order to cover the entire sky, the 2MASS survey uses two highly automated, 51-inch (1.3-meter) diameter telescopes, one at Mount Hopkins, Ariz., the other at the National Science Foundation's Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, Chile.
		The 2MASS project is a collaborative effort between the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) in Pasadena, Calif., operated by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and the California Institute of Technology, both in Pasadena.
		JPL manages the program for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. JPL is a division of Caltech.
	science.nasa.gov /headlines/y2000/ast20jul_1.htm?list (689 words)

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