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	third battle of ypres (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		It was decided that the British forces would attack at the Ypres front as part of the three phase attack.
		The battle itself was focused on the small town of Passchendaele.
		The battle was going well until the eve of August 1, when heavy rains began and flooded over the area even worse than before.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Acropolis/2354/ypres3.html (363 words)

	First World War.com - Battles - The Third Battle of Ypres, 1917
		Whereas the first and second battles of Ypres were launched by the Germans in 1914 and 1915 respectively, Third Ypres was intended as Sir Douglas Haig’s Allied forces breakthrough in Flanders in 1917.
		The Third Battle of Ypres was opened by Sir Hubert Gough’s Fifth Army, with 1 Corps of Sir Herbert Plumer’s Second Army joining on its right and a corps of the French First Amy led by Anthoine to its left: a total of twelve divisions.
		This was followed by the Battle of Polygon Wood on 26 September and the Battle of Broodseinde on 4 October.
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/ypres3.htm (1470 words)

	Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Haig helped found the British Expeditionary Force and in 1914 he was promoted to Lieutenant General and placed in command of the 1st Army Corps.
		Following relative successes at Battle of Mons and Ypres (1st Battle of Ypres), Haig was promoted to full General and made second-in-command of the British forces in France under Sir John French.
		He directed several British campaigns, including the British offensive at the Somme, in which the forces under his command sustained over 500,000 casualties while ultimately taking only few kilometers of ground, and the campaign at Passchendaele (3rd Battle of Ypres).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Douglas_Haig (500 words)

	3rd Ypres, they called it Passchendaele
		Known as the battle of Passchendaele, the third battle of Ypres was the collective name given to campaign that lasted until November 1917 aimed at capturing the Gheluvelt Plateau in southern Belgium.
		In 1917, the area of Flanders to the east of Ypres had great strategic importance because it was dominated by a German occupied ridge from the East to the South of Ypres.
		Haig's plan was to strike out of Ypres to the North and East and, in conjunction with a seaborne landing on the coast of Belgium at Nieuport, he would capture the high ground at Passchendaele which was the key to the whole area.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-battles/ww1/france/3rd_ypres.htm (3458 words)

	KildareNet News
		He first encountered him at the Battle of Arras in 1917, "The C.O. was Colonel Teacher, a Regular officer, and a magificent specimen of a man; also, so I am told, a fine soldier".
		At the 3rd Battle of Ypres, Colonel Teacher was his Commanding Officer.
		He is thought to be the youngest battle casualty of the War.
	kildare.ie /knn/soldiers120902.htm (398 words)

	3rd Battle of Ypres - Flanders/ Polygon Wood ~ at runboard.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Clarence was killed on the 1st day of the Battle 26th September 1917, in Glencorse wood on the Advance of Polygon Wood, but there is no Official known whereabouts of his last resting place.
		As he was killed on the first morning of the Battle and reported in his Dossier, Attached information in the Dosier by a fellow soldier stated that he saw him hit by a shell on the morning of the 26th September 1917.
		As this was the first day of the battle and the 57th actually pressed further toward Polygon Wood in the following days, I believe it was not unusual for Battalions to bury their dead, if the ground the Battle took place on had been claimed by them and was not in " No Man's land".
	com2.runboard.com /banzacresearch.fbattles.t3 (508 words)

	Trenches on the Web - Special: The Second Battle of Ypres, Apr-1915
		The situation on the eve of battle was that the Canadians had only just been moved up into the front lines and had not become fully oriented to their surroundings.
		The Canadians to a man seemed obsessed with the idea that this was their particular battle and that they would perish where they stood rather than give way.
		Second Ypres proved to be the worst battle the 1st Canadian Division would fight in the course of the war, however its result was the starting point of the strong reputation Canadian troops developed during the war.
	www.worldwar1.com /sf2ypres.htm (2314 words)

	Addingham village /War/Ypres
		The rain, which was to figure so powerfully in the battle, began that morning, an incessant downpour that filled the shell craters and would not drain away.
		Throughout October Haig fed his men into a meat grinder of a battle: craters filled lip-to-lip with feted mud and slime were captured and recaptured The incessant shelling continually disinterred the bodies of the dead, and the salient’s hellish appearance was seared into the memories of the survivors.
		This contributed heavily to the bitter memory of 3rd battle of Ypres.
	www.addingham.info /war/ypres.htm (926 words)

	Find in a Library: They called it Passchendaele : the story of the Third Battle of Ypres and of the men who fought in it
		They called it Passchendaele : the story of the Third Battle of Ypres and of the men who fought in it
		Subjects: Ypres, 3rd Battle of, Ieper, Belgium, 1917.
		Ypres, 3rd Battle of, Ieper, Belgium, 1917 -- Personal narratives.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/41c5a76b1e2529cb.html (93 words)

	Brief biographies of those named on Brindle St Joseph's War Memorials
		Died of his wounds sustained during the 3rd Battle of Ypres on 13th October, 1917, aged 19; buried behind the lines at Zuydecoote, near Dunkirk.
		Died of wounds at a dressing station on the Ypres Salient in Belgium on 10th October, 1917, aged 21; wounded in the 3rd Battle of Ypres during early October, 1917.
		He was killed in action on the Somme battlefield on 8th November, 1916 during the closing stages of the Battle of the Somme.
	freespace.virgin.net /mick.gardner/wmbiogs.htm (930 words)

	Channel4.com - The First World War - text only
		After serving in India, South Africa and the Sudan, Haig became director of military training at the War Office in 1906 and was heavily involved in the formation of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF).
		He commanded the BEF during the bloody and unproductive campaigns of the Somme and Passchendaele (3rd Battle of Ypres), and his relationship with Prime Minister Lloyd George was often tense and difficult.
		A conventional cavalryman through and through, Haig was more willing to embrace the new technologies of the tank and machine-gun than is often recognised.
	www.channel4.com /history/microsites/F/firstworldwar/biog_dhaig_t.html (310 words)

	The Great War In Flanders - The Battles of Ypres
		This was the First Battle of Ypres, which raged from 22nd October to 22nd November 1914.
		This greatest British offensive was initially successful with the mine battle of the Messines Ridge (7th June 1917), but the battle for Passendale (Passchendaele) ended as a catastrophe.
		But the German resources were exhausted and the Americans got involved in the battle bringing vital resource and reinforcements to the Allies.
	www.salientpoints.com /battleofypres1.htm (359 words)

	Calderdale War Memorials
		Gassed North East of Ypres and died at 10 Casualty Clearing Station.
		He was a stretcher bearer and was killed at the Battle of Arras.
		Gassed in the Ypres salient 19/12/15 and died at the Casualty Clearing Station in Elverdinghe.
	www.hamm25.freeserve.co.uk /greetww1.htm (1880 words)

	Flanders, Brittany, Burgundy, Anjou, Normandy, Blois, Champagne, Toulouse, etc.
		The decisive moment, however, came with the Battle of Ramillies in 1706, when John Churchill, the 1st Duke of Marlborough, completely destroyed a French army and was then able to overrun Flanders, which thus passed to Austria.
		William, however, was killed in battle in 1128, otherwise he would have inherited England in 1135, instead of his cousin Stephen of Blois.
		In each battle, Marlborough would launch an attack on one part of the French line, to which the French sent reinforcements, and then he would try to break through another, weakened part of the French line with reserves, or with forces transferred, often in a concealed way, from other parts of the army.
	www.friesian.com /flanders.htm (9945 words)

	Third Ypres: Battle of Langemarck 16/17 August 1917
		In the end its most significant result was its sucking in and pulverisation of the majority of the divisions of the German Army, in relentless and bloody attrition that fatally weakened its ability to wage grand war.
		The water table of the Ypres salient turned into the sea of mud and blood that became known as Passchendaele, after the village that crowns the horseshoe of ridges that lie to the east of Ypres.
		The Battle of Langemarck began on the morning of 16th August 1917 at 4.45, with a tremendous artillery barrage.
	freespace.virgin.net /sh.k/3rdypres.html (1006 words)

	3rd-Ypres
		The water table was near the surface, even at the height of summer, and this reclaimed land was extremely vulnerable to shellfire that would destroy the drainage system and allow the land to flood.
		It was no coincidence that they four days before the battle was due to begin thye had carried out a tactical retreat from their front line back to the Passchendaele ridge.
		By now, their artillery was running out of ammunition and their shells were burying themselves in the liqid mud and expending themselves relatively harmlessly in a cloud of steam and a fountain of water.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/comment/ypres3.html (3042 words)

	The First Battle of Ypres
		Allenby's cavalry were fighting an apparently hopeless battle on a long line, and it seemed as if the slightest forward pressure would crumble the Ypres defense.
		The 1st Brigade and the left brigade of the 3rd Division bore the brunt of the charge, and at several points the enemy pierced our front and won the woods to the west.
		On the 16th an attempt was made on the southern re-entrant, which failed, and the shelling of Ypres continued, till its Cloth Hall and its great Church of St. Martin were in ruins.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/1914/ypres1.html (1800 words)

	warassign1
		In November on the Somme one officer was ordered consolidate a position and he wrote back, “It is impossible to consolidate porridge.” In the same month a Guards battalion lost 16 men through exhaustion and drowning.
		A survivor of the 3rd battle of Ypres wrote:
		Gas was first used at the 2nd battle of Ypres in 1915.
	people.clarkson.edu /~melville/lp398/wwInotes.html (1266 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Books: They Called It Passchendaele: The Story of the Battle of Ypres and of the Men Who Fought in It (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		It sets out to capture their bravery and terror in the face of battle, the details of their daily lives and the spirit of humour and comradeship that kept them going.
		The strength of her books lies in the quality of research that records the first hand accounts of WW1 soldiers and for that reason alone all of her writing represents an important archive of the war.
		Without her guiding hand the reader would be left without the context in which each of the personal struggles took place, without a clear idea of how they relate to the ground today, and without the full value of the primary material.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0140165096 (2020 words)

	Canada in World War I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Battle of Passchendaele (3rd Battle of Ypres)
		Canadians were recognized not only for their work on the home front providing much of the industrial production of war materials (guns, shells, vehicles, ships etc.) needed for the war effort but also for their efforts as tough fighters on the battlefield.
		The Second Battle of Ypres - Second Battle of Ypres (British viewpoint) Contains good maps of the battle area.
	www.kn.pacbell.com /wired/fil/pages/listcanadawg.html (344 words)

	Tom Burton (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		He served with the BEF from 3rd May 1915 until his death at the 3rd Battle of Ypres, better known as
		She is the daughter of Myles and Tom's cousin and can remember their parents, particularly their mother, but can add little to the sad facts recounted here, apart from the fact that the brothers volunteered together.
		It is an excellent study of the battle and mentions 55th Div's.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /howard.martin/TomBurton.html (1308 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Books: Pillars of Fire: The Battle of Messines Ridge, June 1917 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Drawing his material from a range of primary sources in England, Germany and Australia, the author looks at the action at the Battle of Messines from all levels of command, including the soldiers' perspectives, during the preparatory, battle and post-battle stages.
		He reassesses the reasons for General Plumer's success on the day, the implications of Haig's failure to exploit that success, and the legacy of the battle for the maturing of the BEF in 1918.
		That the battle bogged down in the mud of the Flanders Plain with all the attendant horror that the name Passchendaele conjures up is one of the greatest tragedies of the Great War.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/075092540X (802 words)

	John Ingram, The Menin Gate, Ypres
		The Menin Gate Memorial to the Missing at Ypres bears the names of 56,000 soldiers of the British Empire who fell in the Ypres Salient between November 1914 and 15th/16th August 1917 and have no known grave.
		In Medieval times Ypres was a prosperous town situated on the major route between Lille and Bruges, a thriving centre of the textile industry.
		On the very evening that Polish forces liberated Ypres the ceremony was resumed at the Menin Gate, in spite of the heavy fighting still going on in other parts of the town.
	www.kinnethmont.co.uk /1914-1918_files/john-ingram-ypres.htm (742 words)

	Arthur Henry FITT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		He took part in the 3rd battle of Ypres (Pasachendaele) between the 31st July and the 10th November 1917.
		On the 9th January 1919 he was a repatriated prisoner of war at Hull and on the same day posted to the Royal Sussex Regiment depot, Chichester and on the 26th March 1919 posted to 3rd Battalion being discharged on the 17th April 1919.
		Alfred Willcox's 'A July day at St. Julien' describes the day when 13th Sussex took the village of St. Julien in the 3rd Battle of Ypres.
	www.beeptwo.com /familyhistory/ahfitt.html (416 words)

	4L - HistoryQuest - myFolder - Turning points of WWI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Nearly 20,000 soldiers are killed in battle, making it the worst day in British military history.
		With unclear aims, General Haig orders another series of offensives outside the town of Ypres — a piece of land held by the British with German trenches on three sides.
		Developed from farm tractors, British "tanks" are first used in the Battle of the Somme in 1916 but have little effect as many sink in the mud or break down.
	www.4learning.co.uk /historyquest/dossier/hq_dossier_game_51.html (727 words)

	★ Reviews of books about france
		High deeds and bloody battles flow through this work to tell of the high-hearted Marceau, the brilliant, dedicated Desaix, the monumental Kleber, who was described by Napoleon as looking like the god of war, Mars, as he led his troops into the fire.
		lst and 3rd battle of Ypres 1914 / 17, and the British Arras counter-attack in 1940.
		After a description of the battle itself, comes a section which relates to the ground as it now lies to the events which took place on it.
	france.vacationbookreview.com /france_80.html (1233 words)

	HELLFIRE CORNER - Tom Morgan's Ypres Battlefield Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In 1996 I produced the "Somme Diary" which was the first group of articles to appear on this site.
		That was to coincide with the 80th anniversary of the Battles of the Somme in 1916.
		To mark the 80th anniversary of the 3rd Battle of Ypres in 1917, I planned a similar series about Ypres, to appear in 1997.
	www.fylde.demon.co.uk /ypresintro.htm (101 words)

	FWW History File (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Ground won after gas attack during Second Ypres
		3rd Battle of Ypres - 30/7/1917 to 26/11/1917
		An actual map of Ypres, a bit dated but usefull.
	www.ping.be /~pylyserk/gallery/trenchmaps/trenchmaps.html (49 words)

	New Title Information
		Pillars of Fire: The Battle of Messines Ridge, June 1917
		Customer Review: Few people outside military historians will have heard of the 3rd Battle of Ypres, however few anglophones will not have heard the name Passchendaele.
		Ian Passingham's work details the first and highly successful phase of the battle, the taking of the southern range of ridges around the Belgian town of Ypres.
	www.salientpoints.com /books/previousnewtitles/050304.htm (282 words)

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