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Topic: 47,XYY

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	47,XYY syndrome - Genetics Home Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Males with 47,XYY syndrome are sometimes taller than average and have an increased risk of learning disabilities and delayed speech and language skills.
		47,XYY syndrome is a chromosomal condition related to the Y chromosome.
		47,XYY syndrome is caused by the presence of a single extra copy of the Y chromosome in each of a male's cells.
	ghr.nlm.nih.gov /condition=47xyysyndrome (601 words)

	XYY syndrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		XYY syndrome is a aneuploidy of the sex chromosomes in which a human male receives an extra Y chromosome in each cell, hence having a karyotype of 47,XYY.
		The first published report of a man with a 47,XYY chromosome constitution was by Dr. Avery A. Sandberg, et al.
		The incidence of this condition is approximately one in 850 males.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/XYY (506 words)

	Aug2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Reports that males with a 47,XYY karyotype have cognitive, language, and behavioural deficits (13,17,18), all of which are common features of AD, suggest a possible association between an extra Y chromosome and PDDs.
		Because of his aggressive behaviour and lack of cooperation, formal psychological testing was not undertaken, but his score on the academic scale of the Developmental Profile II (19) was consistent with moderate mental retardation.
		Although the majority of boys with 47,XYY karyotypes have IQs within the normal range, their IQs have been shown to be lower than those of their siblings and normal controls (17,18,21).
	www.cpa-apc.org /publications/archives/cjp/1998/aug/nicolson.html (2933 words)

	47,XYY - General Practice Notebook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The chromosomal disorder 47,XYY occurs in one in every thousand male births.
		47,XYY patients also tend to be tall, although normal body proportions are otherwise maintained.
		The recurrence rate is not increased for parents with one existing 47,XYY child.
	www.gpnotebook.co.uk /cache/-1845100510.htm (153 words)

	47,XYY males (III) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The finding of significantly greater lower face height (sna-Me) in 47,XYY males was supported by statistically not-significant findings of a greater gonial angle (man/ram), a greater angle between the maxillary and mandibular plane (pal/man), and of a reduced upper to lower anterior face height ratio (N-sna/sna-Me) compared with population control males.
		The 47,XYY males were found to have significantly longer anterior (S-N, Fc-N) and posterior (Ba-Pt) cranial base than control males, but the foramen magnum (O-Ba) was sagittally smaller than in control males.
		The 47,XYY males exhibited significantly longer mandibles (Cd-Gn), with emphasis on the mandibular corpus (Go-Pg), and significantly smaller ramus to corpus -length ratios (Cd-Go/Go-Pg) than control males.
	herkules.oulu.fi /isbn9514253744/html/x409.html (226 words)

	XYY Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A diagnosis of XYY syndrome is made based upon a thorough clinical evaluation, a detailed patient history, and specialized tests (i.e., chromosomal analysis) that detect the presence of an extra Y chromosome (47,XYY karyotype).
		Abramsky L, Chapple J, 47,XXY (Klinefelter syndrome) and 47,XYY: estimated rates of and indication for postnatal diagnosis with implications for prenatal counseling.
		Varrela J, Alvesalo L, Effects of the Y chromosome on quantitative growth: an anthropometric study of 47,XYY males.
	hw.healthdialog.com /kbase/nord/nord812.htm (1823 words)

	References
		Laine T, Alvesalo L & Lammi S (1992) A study in 47,XYY men of the expression of sex-chromosome anomalies in dental occlusion.
		Townsend G & Alvesalo L (1985) Tooth size in 47,XYY males: evidence for a direct effect of the Y chromosome on growth.
		Varrela J & Alvesalo L (1985) Effects of the Y chromosome on quantitative growth: an anthropometric study of 47,XYY males.
	herkules.oulu.fi /isbn9514253744/html/b1430.html (1350 words)

	National Jewish 1995 Scientific Report
		Intriguingly, many if not most of these cases will go undiagnosed, not because SCA has no effect, but because its effects on human development are variable, sometimes subtle, and often difficult to distinguish from other developmental disorders.
		Karyotype-specific patterns of development separate the primary SCA groups (47,XXY; 47,XXY; 47,XYY; 45,X and partial monosomy X; and mosaics) and help to define the role of the sex chromosomes in human development and naturally occurring sex differences.
		Evaluation of the families of propositi has helped to clarify the relationship between environment and developmental risk imposed by the SCA and to understand the observed variability in adaptation and ability within the SCA groups.
	www.47xxy.org /Gloss/Robinson_Full.htm (1006 words)

	Meiotic behaviour of the sex chromosomes in three patients with sex chromosome anomalies (47,XXY, mosaic 46,XY/47,XXY ...
		Meiotic behaviour of the sex chromosomes in three patients with sex chromosome anomalies (47,XXY, mosaic 46,XY/47,XXY and 47,XYY) assessed by fluorescence in-situ hybridization -- Blanco et al.
		Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) and the 47,XYY karyotype are the
		Mroz, K., Hassold, T., and Hunt, P. (1999) Meiotic aneuploidy in the XXY mouse: evidence that a compromised testicular environment increases the incidence of meiotic errors.
	humrep.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/16/5/887 (3779 words)

	Case Study 9
		The most common findings in patients with 47,XYY include difficulties with speech (early) and verbal skills, tall stature, poor coordination, and behavioral problems.
		47,XYY is seen in approximately 1/1,000 newborn males and results from paternal nondisjunction in meiosis II.
		As 47,XYY syndrome results from nondisjunction, karyotyping of parents and/or other family members was not recommended.
	www.hcmc.org /a_z/EdSessions/CYGcasestudies/Discussion9.html (188 words)

	TheFetus.net - 45,X-47,XYY mosaicism-Robert Roger Lebel, MD, Jeannette N. Israel, MD, Radhika Chawla, MD
		Fibroblasts obtained from the male fetus delivered at home had a mosaic constitution: 45,X in 15 cells and 47,XYY in 85 cells.
		An alternative hypothesis, chimeric fusion of embryos originating from one sperm lacking a gonosome and another with two Y chromosomes (zygotes 45,X and 47,XYY), is unlikely due to its complexity (three coincident unlikely events).
		This interesting observation of a rare karyotype in a previously unreported clinical presentation (miscarriage of twins discordant for gender and for karyotype) does not simplify the vexing task of providing genetics counseling when prenatal testing reveals 45,X/ 47,XYY karyotype.
	www.thefetus.net /page.php?id=6 (747 words)

	quiz6.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A study of several thousand consecutive human births identified newborns with abnormal numbers of sex chromosomes.
		They found 302 babies to be 47, XXX, 200 to be 47,XYY, 99 to be 47,XXY and 6 to be 45, X (all others were normal).
		d) What would your answers to a and b have been if the numbers were 102 babies with 47, XXX, 100 with 47,XYY, and 3 with 45, X (all others were normal).
	www-biology.ucsd.edu /classes/bicd100.FA99/quiz6.html (224 words)

	XYY Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Men with XYYsyndrome have two Y chromosomes, and the chromosome constitution 47,XYY.
		Thisbooklet can be ordered free of charge by request to the centre.
		For parents, who have been informed through prenatal examination, that the foetus has the karyotype 47,XYY, we canmediate contact to parents, who have a son with the XYY syndrome, and such a contact can also be arranged if the diagnosis XYY syndrome is made at a later stage.
	www.aaa.dk /TURNER/ENGELSK/XYYEN.HTM (322 words)

	www.ddhealthinfo.org - Medical Care Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		XYY syndrome is the condition in which males have two Y chromosomes and the chromosome constitution 47,XYY rather than the usual one Y chromosome.
		Discovered in 1961 by Sandberg and co-workers, newborn boys with XYY exhibit no special physical stigmata except for increased height.
		Gron, M., Pietila, K., and Alvesalo, L. The craniofacial complex in 47,XYY males.
	www.ddhealthinfo.org /ggrc/doc2.asp?ParentID=5199 (704 words)

	XYY Males - an orientation
		Since 1960 geneticists have given new names to chromosome aberrations from the chromosome constitution and not as previously from the name of the person who first described the chromosome aberration.
		When Sandberg and co-wokers in 1961 found the chromosome constitution 47,XYY, the name became XYY males in accordance with triple-X women with the chromosome constitution 47,XXX as first described by Jacobs and Strong in 1959.
		Males with XYY have two Y chromosomes (47,XYY).
	www.aaa.dk /TURNER/ENGELSK/XYY.HTM (2525 words)

	KS&A Home Page
		KS&A’s vision is to create a world in which children and adults with X and Y chromosome variations (or aneuploidies) can lead more productive and fuller lives, thereby enriching society as a whole.
		In the near future, we will post information about other X and Y chromosome variations, such as Triple X (referring to females with 47 chromosomes, including 3 X’s) and 47,XYY (referring to males with 47 chromosomes including 1 X and 2 Y chromosomes).
		This web site provides information on current research studies on X and Y chromosome aneuploidies, and other educational and support resources which may be of help to you, such as a list of other Internet resource links.
	genetic.org (576 words)

	Long term outcome in children of sex chromosome abnormalities -- Ratcliffe 80 (2): 192 -- Archives of Disease in ...
		Most boys with the karyotypes 47,XXY and 47,XYY and girls with 47,XXX are never diagnosed.
		One child with 47,XYY karyotype died of renal agenesis, otherwise no congenital malformations were detected.
		Walzer S, Bashir AS, Silbert A. Cognitive and behavioral factors in the learning disabilities of 47,XXY and 47,XYY boys.
	adc.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/archdischild;80/2/192 (2883 words)

	Diagnosis of Genetic Disorders Before Birth - New Treatments, January 22, 2005
		Sex chromosome abnormalities occur in 1 of every 300-500 births.
		The most common are 45,X; 47,XXY', 47,XXX; 47,XYY; and mosaicism (the presence of two or more cell populations with different karyotypes).
		The origin of the chromosome error may be either maternal or paternal in all cases.
	www.ccspublishing.com /journals4a/detection_genetic_disorders.htm (1515 words)

	47,XYY syndrome - References - Genetics Home Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		47,XYY syndrome - References - Genetics Home Reference
		These sources were used to develop the Genetics Home Reference condition summary on 47,XYY syndrome.
		Emery, Alan E H; Rimoin, David L; Emery and Rimoin's principles and practice of medical genetics.; 4th ed.
	ghr.nlm.nih.gov /condition=47xyysyndrome/show/References (141 words)

	GEMdatabase - Selected Title
		Sex Chromosome Problems Discovered Through Prenatal Diagnosis: 47,XYY Syndrome
		Problemas en los Cromosomas del Sexo Descubiertos a través del Diagnóstico Prenatal: El Síndrome del 47,XYY
		Information about prenatal testing results that indicate a change in the sex chromosomes; describes cells, chromosomes, karyotypes, sex chromosome changes in general and their consequences; provides specific information about 47,XYY syndrome including what it is, how it arises, associated features, treatment, and more
	www.gemdatabase.org /GEMDatabase/TitleDetailsOne.asp?TitleID=63 (68 words)

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