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	5145 Pholus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		5145 Pholus ("FOE luss") is a Centaur in an eccentric orbit, with a perihelion near the orbit of Saturn and aphelion near the orbit of Neptune.
		Pholus was the second Centaur type asteroid to be discovered and was quickly found to be the reddest object observed to date in the Solar System, for which it has been occasionally nicknamed "Big Red".
		The diameter of Pholus is estimated to be 185±16 km [2].
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/5145_Pholus (205 words)

	Pholus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		While this persuit and second combat was occurring, Pholus, back in his cave, accidentally wounded himself with one of the venomous arrows while he was either marveling at how such a small thing could kill a centaur (Apollodorus) or preparing the corpses for burial (Diodoros).
		Pholus, like Chiron, was civilized, and indeed in art sometimes shared the "human-centaur" form in which Chiron was usually depicted (that is, he was a man from head to toe, but with the center and hindparts of a horse attached to his buttocks).
		To further account for the unsually civil behavior of Pholus, Apollodorus wrote that his parents were Silenus and one of the Meliae, thus differentiating him genealogically from the other centaurs, as Chiron was known to be.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pholus (545 words)

	Pholus
		Minor planet 5145, the second Centaur to be found, in 1992 by the American astronomer David Rabinowitz (1960-).
		Unlike Chiron, however, which is pretty much gray all over, Pholus is very red — in fact, the reddest known object in the Solar System; also unlike Chiron, it doesn't appear to develop a comet-like coma when near perihelion.
		The most likely explanation is that Pholus is covered with organic molecules that started off as simple ices but were converted into more complex, stable molecules by millions of years of bombardment by cosmic rays.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/P/Pholus.html (231 words)

	[42.01] Centaur 5145 Pholus As a Comet Nucleus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		[42.01] Centaur 5145 Pholus As a Comet Nucleus
		New spectra and models of the surface of Centaur 5145 Pholus suggest that this object is the equivalent of a giant comet nucleus that is not, and may have never been, active.
		We suggest that if Pholus were to approach the Sun and begin sublimating, it would show the compositional characteristics of a comet.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v30n3/dps98/116.htm (355 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		We have obtained near-infrared (H and K band at res ~ 480 to 600) spectra of a sample of primitive objects including 2060 Chiron, 5145 Pholus and 16 P- and D-type asteroids.
		The spectra were obtained at the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope using the cooled grating spectrometer CGS4, and were used to search for chemically diagnostic vibrational features in these primitive objects.
		Pholus exhibits broad absorption features at 2.07 and 2.27 mu, as well as a weak feature at 1.72 mu.
	www.ifa.hawaii.edu /users/jewitt/abstracts/abs.49 (151 words)

	5145 Pholus -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is believed to have originated as a (Click link for more info and facts about Kuiper belt) Kuiper belt object.
		Unlike the first Centaur, (Click link for more info and facts about 2060 Chiron) 2060 Chiron, Pholus has shown no signs of cometary activity.
		The diameter of Pholus is estimated to be 185±16 km.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/5/51/5145_pholus.htm (77 words)

	Pholus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In astronomy, 5145 Pholus is the name of a Centaur (planetoid) planetoid discovered in 1977 by David L. Rabinowitz.
		In Greek mythology, Pholus was a wise centaur and friend of Herakles.
		He was killed by a stray arrow fired by Herakles during his stopping off whilst on a trail to catch the Erymanthian Boar, a task set to him as one of his Twelve Labours.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/P/Pholus.htm (168 words)

	[No title]
		In particular, thermal models of 5145 Pholus, 2060 Chiron and Kuiper belt objects have been developed assuming that they are porous bodies composed by ices and dust, similar to comets.
		Models of thermal evolution of Chiron and Pholus have been computed under different condition: as ``new'' objects, namely undifferentiated bodies, and as ``old'' ones, differentiated and aged in the Kuiper Belt.
		This emission is under the threshold of detectable level, so the present inactive appearance of Pholus is not surprising: the large heliocentric distance and its large size do not favour the emission of dust, even in the case of CO-driven activity.
	www.astropa.unipa.it /Asteroids2001/Abstracts/Posters/desanctis.doc (369 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		On the way to capture the Erymanthian Boar, Heracles visited Pholus, a kind centaur and old friend.
		Heracles ate with him and asked for wine; Pholus had only one jar of wine, a gift from Dionysus to all the centaurs on Mt Erymanthus.
		Heracles convinced him to open it, and the smell attracted the other centaurs, who attacked, angry that their wine had been opened.
	en-cyclopedia.com /wiki/Pholus (87 words)

	Visible and Near Infrared Photometry of the Centaur Objects 1995 GO and 5145 Pholus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		We suggest that the red color of 1995 GO is probably due to the presence of organic-rich materials produced by eons of particle bombardment and ultraviolet irradiation of surface grains, a process that may be widespread among the Centaur and Trans-Neptunian Object populations.
		If this correlation is correct, then the red colors of the Centaurs 5145 Pholus and 1993 HA_2 may be typical of fairly pristine Centaur objects.
		In contrast, the progressively less red colors of 1995 GO and 2060 Chiron may be the result of an increased rate of resurfacing of these objects as they migrate progressively closer to the Sun.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v29n2/aas190/abs/S005004.html (221 words)

	Centaur Articles in Refereed Journals (sorted by date)
		Visible and Near-Infrared Photometry of the Centaur Objects 1995 GO and 5145 Pholus, Weintraub, D. A., Tegler, S. C., and Romanishin, W. 1997, Icarus, Volume 128, Issue 2, pp.
		The organic surface of 5145 Pholus: Constraints set by scattering theory, Wilson, P.D., Sagan, C., and Thompson, W.R. 1994, ICARUS, vol.
		The optical spectrum of 5145 Pholus, Binzel, R. 1992, Icarus, vol.
	www.boulder.swri.edu /ekonews/articles/ce_ref_date.html (2189 words)

	Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope Images
		The history of taking the images in each filter is recorded in the trail of an asteroid in the left center of the picture.
		In May 2003, Steve Tegler (NAU) and Guy Consolmagno used the VATT to observe the unusual asteroid/comet nucleus 5145 Pholus, and one night it happened to be passing by the galaxy NGC 5964.
		This galaxy in Draco, showing tightly wound spiral arms around a small nucleus, was observed in April 2004 at VATT by Francesco Di Mille and Alessandro Omizzolo as part of their study of isolated Seyfert galaxies.
	clavius.as.arizona.edu /vo/R1024/Vatt_img.html (1286 words)

	Buie - pub016 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		We present physical measurements of the newly discovered asteroid, (5145) Pholus based on 7 nights of photometric observations.
		These observations determine an unambiguous lightcurve period of 9.9825 +/- 0.0040 hours with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.15 mag.
		Except for its color and orbit, (5145) Pholus exhibits normal asteroidal properties.
	www.lowell.edu /users/buie/biblio/pub016.html (97 words)

	Title here
		The observation of Pholus turned up a spectral feature in the 2 micron region of the spectrum which had never been seen before and is probably related to whatever makes Pholus so red.
		The most likely explanation is that Pholus is covered with organic, (carbon bearing - not alive) molecules which started off as simple ices but got converted into more complex, and more stable, molecules by millions of years of bombardment by cosmic rays.
		At the moment it looks as if neither Pholus nor Chiron are typical but that there is a range of colours amongst the different objects, perhaps reflecting a gradual transition of surface colour from red to grey, or grey to red, over time.
	www.roe.ac.uk /~jkd/oss.html (1364 words)

	90377 Sedna - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Observations from Chile show that Sedna is one of the reddest objects in the solar system, nearly as red as Mars.
		Unlike Pluto and Charon, Sedna appears to have very little methane ice or water ice on its surface; Chad Trujillo and his colleagues at the Gemini Observatory in Hawaii suggest that Sedna's dark red color is caused by a hydrocarbon sludge, or tholin, like that found on 5145 Pholus [7].
		Its surface is homogenous in colour and spectrum; this is probably because Sedna, unlike objects nearer the sun, is rarely impacted by other bodies, which would expose bright patches like that on 8405 Asbolus [8].
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/90377_Sedna (1129 words)

	Fathom :: The Source for Online Learning
		From all these observations a definitive orbit could be calculated and the new object received the minor planet number 5145.
		David Rabinowitz was interested in moving away from the tradition of naming asteroids after characters from Roman or Greek mythology, especially since he felt that the Centaurs as a group were an unsavoury bunch.
		However, tradition prevailed and the object was eventually named 5145 Pholus, who was Chiron's brother.
	www.fathom.com /feature/122492 (2251 words)

	Planet-X' Highly Ludicrous Cover-Story?/Re: Planet X: ...
		Planetary astronomers attribute the red color of 5145 Pholus to the presence of dark, carbon-rich material on its surface.
		The similarity between QB1 and 5145 Pholus thus heightened our excitement during the first days after the discovery.
		Perhaps the object we had just located was coated by some kind of red material abundant in organic compounds.
	www.zetatalk.com /usenet/use00966.htm (871 words)

	[No title]
		According to the current theories of evolution of cometary nuclei, the Kuiper Belt comets are expected to possess mantles ("irradiation mantles") that are different from mantles of comets that have been heated by the Sun ("rubble mantles").
		Kuiper Belt candidate 1992 QB1 and another newly found distant "asteroid," 5145 Pholus, display a distinctive red color unseen in other small bodies of the solar system, which supports the existence of the irradiation mantle.
		Ground-based observations were made with the University of Hawaii 2.2m telescope on UT 1992 Jan 31 (R filter; 3200 sec) and with the Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory 4m telescope on 1992 March 7 (BVRI filters; 800 sec) at heliocentric distances of 8.71 and 8.72 AU respectively, under conditions of good seeing.
	www.lpi.usra.edu /meetings/programs/acm93wa.txt (14810 words)

	Kuiper-Oort
		It will then very likely have a close encounter with Neptune sending it out of the solar system or into an orbit crossing those of the other giant planets or even into the inner solar system.
		here are presently six known objects orbiting between Jupiter and Neptune (including 2060 Chiron (aka 95 P/Chiron) and 5145 Pholus; see the MPC's list).
		pectra and photometric data have been obtained for 5145 Pholus.
	www.wanderer.org /nineplanets/kboc.html (619 words)

	Centaur Articles (sorted by date)
		(5145) Pholus, Davies, J., Spencer, J., Sykes, M., Tholen, D., and Green, S. 1993, IAU Circ., 5698, 2 (1993).
		Asphaltite-like organics on Planetesimal 5145 Pholus, Cruikshank, D. P., Moroz, L. V., Geballe, T., Pieters, C. M., and Bell, J. 1993, Bull.
		Edited by Green, D. The optical spectrum of 5145 Pholus, Binzel, R. 1992, Icarus, vol.
	www.boulder.swri.edu /ekonews/articles/ce_all_date.html (5994 words)

	Space Studies Board
		Estimated diameters between 20 and 200 km, based on Earth-based telescopic observations at thermal wavelengths and assumed low visual albedo (Chiron and 5145 Pholus have independent assessments of their diameters).
		Three of these objects (Chiron, Pholus, and 1993 HA2) are large enough and bright enough for Earth-based telescopic spectral observations to be obtained at visual and near-infrared wavelengths (0.4 to 1.0 microns).
		In marked contrast to Chiron's bluish color, the visible reflectances of 5145 Pholus and 1993 HA2 are extremely red (see Figure 2.3) and exhibit steep upward slopes toward longer wavelengths.
	www7.nationalacademies.org /ssb/neptch2.html (7040 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Spacewatch discovered a moon of Jupiter, now named Callirrhoe, which was originally mistaken for an asteroid.
		Other notable discoveries include 5145 Pholus, 20000 Varuna, 1998 KY26 and (35396) 1997 XF11.
		The project also recovered 719 Albert (a long-lost asteroid), and found the periodic comet 125P/Spacewatch.
	www.alanaditescili.net /index.php?title=Spacewatch (105 words)

	[No title]
		Albedos and diameters have been computed for only 4 objects (2060 Chiron, 5145 Pholus, 8405 Asbolus and 10199 Chariklo): the obtained albedo values range between 4% and 17%, while diameters are between 66 km and 300 km.
		Water ice, even in small percentages, has been detected on the surface of 6 objects (2060 Chiron, 5145 Pholus, 10199 Chariklo, 31824 1999 UG5, 52872 Okyrhoe, and 54598 2000 QC243), while 63252 2001 BL41, and 8405 Asbolus seem not to contain detectable water ice on their surfaces.
		Further observations are needed to confirm the presence of water ice on the surface of 32532 2001 PT13 and 31824 1999 UG5.
	www.roe.ac.uk /~jkd/kbo_proc/dotto.doc (3798 words)

	Notable NEO Discoveries
		(5145) Pholus (1992 AD) has a perihelion just inside Saturn's orbit and aphelion outside Neptune's.
		Pholus was the second of the Centaurs discovered and eight additional ones have been discovered since by Spacewatch.
		The second Centaur found by Spacewatch was recently numbered and named as (7066) Nessus (1993 HA Centaur 1995 SN is the intrinsically brightest Centaur yet discovered, brighter even than Chiron, the first Centaur ever discovered.
	spacewatch.lpl.arizona.edu /disc_nea.html (707 words)

	Cambridge Conference Correspondence
		We present a new spectrum of the Centaur object 5145 Pholus between
		for 5145 Pholus and conclude that this is a primitive object which hips
		Pholus are those of the nucleus of a large comet that has never been
	abob.libs.uga.edu /bobk/ccc/cc120398.html (2243 words)

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