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Topic: 68000 family

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Motorola 68008

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	PDA Encyclopedia - Motorola 68000
		The Motorola 68000 is a CISC microprocessor, the first member of a successful family of microprocessors, which were all mostly software compatible.
		In the Sega Saturn, the 68000 was used as the sound processor, and in the Atari Jaguar they were used as a main controller for all the other dedicated hardware IC's.
		The 68000 was also unable to correctly return from an exception on a failing memory access, a crucial feature to enable true virtual memory.
	www.pdasupport.com /PDAencyclopediaMotorola68000.htm (1984 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > 68000 family
		The Motorola 68000 is a CISC microprocessor, the first member of a successful family of microprocessors, which were all mostly software compatible.
		In the Sega Saturn, the 68000 was used as the sound processor, and in the Atari Jaguar they were used as a main controller for all the other dedicated hardware IC's.
		The 68000 was also unable to correctly return from an exception on a failing memory access, a crucial feature to enable true virtual memory.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/68/68000_family (1752 words)

	This appendix provides a glossary of some of the terms, symbols, and expressions used in this book
		During the IACK cycle the 68000 informs peripherals that an interrupt acknowledge is in progress and indicates the level of the interrupt request (1 to 7) by placing the number on the address bus.
		The 68000 is said to have a vectored-interrupt mechanism because the interrupting device identifies itself to the processor.
		68000 texts use the word to refer to a 16-bit value, which is the width of the 68000’s data bus.
	www-scm.tees.ac.uk /users/a.clements/Gloss1.htm (11025 words)

	Motorola 68000 microprocessor family
		Motorola 68000 is the first member of 680x0 line of microprocessors.
		The 68000 architecture was much more flexible than other CPU familes (z80, 80x86, z80000, etc) as it could be very easily expanded to support full 32-bit data and address.
		This 68000 microprocessor was not manufactured by Apple, but it was put into separate "Apple" category due to very unusual Apple copyright on the CPU.
	www.cpu-world.com /CPUs/68000 (228 words)

	[No title]
		Motorola's 68K Processor Family 68000 Processor Software Model We have already said that the software model of a processor is used to give programmer some understanding of the operation, resources and structure of the processor.
		68000 has a Program Counter (PC) and it is used to address the memory space linearly (instead of adding the segment base adress with an offset to obtain the final address).
		The 68000 is a general purpose register-based machine and every data register can be used as an accumulator or as a temp register.
	www.ticalc.org /pub/text/68k/68k2x86.txt (650 words)

	The Flite 68000: An Introduction
		The 68000 is so well-suited to an educational environment that if it had been designed purely as an educational tool, it could not have been improved, until recently, the lack of suitable 68000 based training systems at a reasonable price presented academics with a dilemma.
		All members of the 68000 family operate on one of two modes (user or supervisor state), thus it is remarkably easy to introduce the protection mechanisms required by operating systems.
		In addition, to the 68000 assembler, a C cross-compiler is offered which enables students to design 68000 programs in a high level language.
	www.flite.co.uk /the-flite-68000-an-introduction.htm (706 words)

	An Overview of Micros
		Called the 68000, it was far superior to other 16-bit microprocessors and programmers loved the ease of debugging and the simple addressing of up to an incredible (for its time) 16 Megabytes of memory!
		Subsequent development by Motorola of the 68000 family provided the second generation 68030, with 256 byte instruction and data caches.
		The newest member of the 68000 family, the 68060, is a superscaler design that has multiple instruction paths; instructions can be processed even before completion of the previous instruction.
	telecom.tbi.net /comphis.html (1380 words)

	TOPCC - History of the Microprocessor
		Some of the earliest personal-computer kits were based on the 6800 family, and Tandy built a version of the Color Computer that was rather advanced (for its day) around a 6809.
		Unlike Intel's 8086/8088, which could address only one megabyte of physical RAM, the 68000 had 24 address lines that could access 16 megabytes of RAM directly -- it was an almost inconceivable amount of memory at the time.
		Apple shortly abandoned the aging 6502 and used the 68000 in the Macintosh.
	topcc.org /articles/history.html (3726 words)

	C To 68000 Assembly Translation (Frame Pointer Operations)
		We will be analyzing the code generated by a compiler targeting the Motorola 68000 processor family.
		The MOVE instruction in 68000 assemblers has the source on the left side and destination on the right side.
		The stack in the 68000 family grows from higher address to lower address.
	www.eventhelix.com /RealtimeMantra/Basics/CToAssemblyTranslation.htm (734 words)

	Smart Computing Article - Motorola
		Motorola's 68000 series of microprocessors was introduced in 1979 with the original 68000 microprocessor.
		The 68020 was the first model in the Motorola microprocessor family with a 32-bit external bus, and thus higher performance.
		Though the 68000 series has been the core of desktop Macintosh computers for some time, this family of microprocessors has shifted away from the desktop-computer market into what's commonly referred to as the embedded-systems marketplace.
	www.smartcomputing.com /Editorial/article.asp?article=articles/1995/feb95/pcn0212/pcn0212.asp&articleid=1399&guid= (717 words)

	Preface of The Motorola Microprocessor Family
		After these basic family members are understood, the newest members (68010, 68020, 68030, and 68040) are introduced and any differences and new features that exist are highlighted.
		Because the Motorola family of microprocessors is quite diverse, this text initially concentrates on the 68000 and 68008 microprocessors.
		The other family members, which include the 68010, 68020, 68030, and 68040, are compared and contrasted with the 68000 and 68008 in chapters 12 and 13.
	users1.ee.net /brey/p6.htm (1461 words)

	Solo's infopage - Optimizing 680x0 Applications (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Motorola 68K family consists of a wide range of members from the micro-coded MC68000 to the super-scalar, hard-wired MC68060.
		This paper will discuss the integer performance of the 68K family and ways to optimize both for the individual processors as well as produce code that runs well on any 68K processor.
		The characteristics of the different members of the 68K family varies a great deal, which makes it impossible to write code that will run as fast as possible on all processors.
	home-1.tiscali.nl /~solognt/codingstuff/optimizing.html (551 words)

	HI-TECH C Compiler for Freescale 68000 family - HI-TECH C® for 68000 is more than a C compiler - it is a complete ...
		HI-TECH C Compiler for Freescale 68000 family - HI-TECH C® for 68000 is more than a C compiler - it is a complete development system for C and assembler.
		HI-TECH C® for 68000 is more than a C compiler - it is a complete development system for C and assembler.
		The 68000 family of microcontrollers from Freescale Semiconductors offers 32 bit data handling and a large, flat memory space at a 16-bit price.
	www.devicetools.com /company/HI-TECH_HTCompilers_68000.html (328 words)

	68k at AllExperts
		The Motorola 680x0/0x0/m68k/68k/68K family of CISC microprocessor CPU chips were 32-bit from the start, and were the primary competition for the Intel x86 family of chips.
		There was a CPU with the 68070 designation, which was a microcontroller version of the 16-bit 68000.
		After the mainline 68k processors' demise, the 68k family has been used to some extent in microcontroller/embedded microprocessor versions.
	en.allexperts.com /e/0/68k.htm (664 words)

	Acqura Systems - Cost effective emulation for Philips 80C51, LPC, LPC900 and MX Microcontrollers
		AN96098: Interfacing 68000 Family Peripherals To The XA The XA is not limited to interface to 80XX compatible peripherals.
		Using the 68000 DTACKn signal enables the use of slow 68000 peripherals without the need of an external WAIT state generator.
		This document shows that these 68000 peripherals can be interfaced to the XA very easily.
	www.acqura.com /technotes.asp?ID=482 (256 words)

	[No title]
		68000 Family- (pronounced "sixty-eight thousand") a series of microprocessor from Motorola, including the 68000, 68010, 68020, 68030, and 68040 chips.
		Not to be confused with 68K of RAM.
		680x0 (pronounced "sixty-eight oh-ex-oh") refers to Macintosh computers built around the Motorola 68000 family of processors, such as the 68020, 68030 and 68040 on which non-PowerPC Macs are based.
	www.zeusprod.com /glossary (842 words)

	Books FreeScale > Tools
		Designed to demystify the Motorola 68000 microprocessor—its hardware and software—this detailed reference leads users on an in-depth, hands-on exploration of more than 75 different applications and then guides them through the construction and programming of their own working single-board 68000 system.
		Chapter topics cover microprocessor-based systems, the 68000 microprocessor, software details of the 68000, exception processing, an introduction to data structures and programming the 68000, hardware details of the 68000, memory system design, I/O system design, advanced programming using 68000 peripherals, building a working 68000 system, an introduction to the advanced 680x0 series microprocessors, and microcontrollers.
		The volume is conceptually divided into three sections: fundamental principles and the 68000 family, assembly language programming techniques for the processors, and system design and development for 68000-based computer systems.
	www.devicetools.com /Tools/Books/FreeScale/index.html (935 words)

	OS-9 : OS 9
		The first version ("level one") was written in assembly language for the Motorola 6809 processor, and provides a single 64K address space in which all processes ran; a later 6809 version ("level two") takes advantage of memory mapping hardware.
		Later, OS-9/6809 was converted to Motorola 68000 assembly language and extended, and a still further extended version was written mostly in C for portability.
		The various versions of OS-9/68000 run on a wide variety of 68000 family platforms, including the Sharp X68000[?] in Japan and some personal computers intended by their designers as upgrades from the Color Computer (e.g.
	www.fastload.org /os/OS_9.html (798 words)

	Motorola 68000
		Motorola 68000 (MC68000) is the first member of 680x0 line of microprocessors.
		Internally the 68000 is a 32-bit microprocessor - it has 32-bit data and address registers.
		The Motorola 68000 family includes 16 and 32-bit compatible implementations and has the widest acceptance in industrial applications.
	www.lycos.com /info/motorola-68000.html (459 words)

	Chapter 12: Address decoders
		The first members of the 68000 family, namely the 68000 and 68008 could be made to do their bus transfers in accordance with the protocols needed by 6800 bus devices.
		In the 68000 emulation this was provided as the oscillator clock frequency divided by ten.
		Although the 68000/8 are now obsolete some of the current 68000 family devices retain the facility to emulate the 6800 bus cycle.
	www.engj.ulst.ac.uk /sidk/essence/ch12_7.htm (1718 words)

	[No title]
		I remember how I couldn't find much hints on how to write fast 68000 code anywhere back then, so I decided to write down some tricks I learned from my mistakes to spare someone else from making them.
		The latest version of this file is available at: http://www.csua.berkeley.edu/~muchandr/m68k The target audience is people already intimately familiar with 68000 instruction set.
		On original 68000 and derivative cores, 'moveq #0,Rn' is faster than clr.
	www.csua.berkeley.edu /~muchandr/m68k (1167 words)

	Chips: Supervisor Mode
		Think of the 68000 in your ST as a commercial airliner on which you can fly either coach or first class.
		So in the 68000 world there is a simple rule: If you're in supervisor mode you can execute certain instructions that you can't execute while in user mode.
		When a reference is made to memory that isn't really there, an exception is generated and the operating system (sometimes known as the supervisor) loads in the proper memory from a secondary storage such as a hard disk.
	www.atarimagazines.com /startv1n3/SupervisorMode.html (1353 words)

	[No title]
		This paper will discuss the integer performance of the 68K family and ways to optimize both for the individual processors as well as produce code that runs well on any 68K processor.
		THE 68000 FAMILY The 68K family includes the following members: MC68000 First generation 68K processor.
		When writing programs in a high level language, the compiler can do the processor specific optimizations, but in assembly language a decision has to be made on which processor to optimize for.
	www.freescale.com /files/32bit/doc/reports_presentations/MC680X0OPTAPP.txt (584 words)

	BYTE.com
		Motorola's 68000 family of microprocessors has served both the computer and the embedded markets well.
		Now the PowerPC has created an opportunity for the 68000 family to refocus entirely on embedded systems, making it possible to redefine the architecture to achieve dramatic improvements in both cost and performance relative to the older 68000-family designs.
		A number of extensions were made to the original 68000 ISA when the 68020 microprocessor was introduced.
	www.byte.com /art/9505/sec13/art1.htm (1564 words)

	Chipdir - Chips in the category MPU
		Family A low-power, low-cost design also ideal for embedded applications requiring high performance
		Family Workstation-level performance packed into a low-power, low-cost design ideal for desktop computers, notebooks, and battery-powered systems.
		Family An advanced superscalar engine with multiprocessing support for sophisticated PCs and servers.
	www.xs4all.nl /~ganswijk/chipdir/f/mpu.htm (1368 words)

	Computer Terms
		Short for the 68000 family of Motorola microprocessors, it includes the 68000, 68010, 68020, 68030, 68040, 68050, and 68060.
		Short for the 8086 family of Intel microprocessors, it includes the 8086, 8088, 80286, 80386, 80486, and Pentium.
		A family of personal computers from Apple Computer that use the Motorola 680x0 processor or PowerPC CPUs; these computers (also called Macs) popularized the graphical user interface.
	www.hifo.net /glossary_terms.html (3636 words)

	[No title]
		The Motorola 68K family consists of a wide range of members from the micro-coded MC68000 to the super-scalar, hard-wired MC68060.
		This text will discuss the integer performance of the 68K family and ways to optimize both for the individual processors as well as produce code that runs well on any 68K processor.
		If the code is to be executed on a 68000 processor, the 68000 instruction subset must be used.
	www.df.lth.se /~john_e/gems/gem0028.html (325 words)

	The PowerPC Initiative
		Although the complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor families of both Intel and Motorola continued to grow in performance at a strong pace, the performance advantage of a fundamentally different computer architecture called reduced instruction set computing (RISC) was becoming more widely known.
		There seemed to be a chance to harness RISC in a whole new kind of personal computer system, one that would be able to run the application programs of all the day's popular but diverse computer systems at competitive performance levels.
		There also seemed to be a chance to offer, in that new personal computer system, superior performance and a new breed of application programs with capabilities, such as speech recognition and teleconferencing, that could change the way we interact with computers forever.
	www.eng.uci.edu /comp.arch/processors/powerpc/PCPower.html (1778 words)

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