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Topic: 88mm gun

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	Achtung Panzer! - 88mm Flak Series
		First time 88mm saw combat was in Spain during the Civil War in 1936, where it proved itself to be not only excellent anti-aircraft gun but also ideal tank killer due to its high muzzle velocity and efficient heavy projectile.
		During the war 88mm Flak series guns were used aside of the German Army by Italy and captured examples were often used by the Allies including US Army in late 1944 in Western Europe.
		To pick up the gun, the wheel sets were backed over the main attachment points on the gun base and rocked back to allow large hooks on the wheel sets to engage the lifting points on the gun base.
	www.achtungpanzer.com /articles/88mm.htm (1144 words)

	88 mm gun - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During the prototype phase, the army asked for a gun with considerably greater capability, and the 75 would not be able to meet the new requirements.
		The parts of the various versions of the guns were interchangeable, and it was not uncommon for various parts to be "mixed and matched" on a particular example.
		This led to complaints that, due to the apparent ineffectiveness of anti-aircraft defences as a whole, that the guns should be stripped from the air defense units and handed over to the army for anti-tank duties.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/88_mm_gun (1863 words)

	German King Tiger tank - development history and photos
		With its powerful 88mm gun and an almost impenetrable front armor, it was one of the most feared weapons of world war 2.
		As with the Tiger tank, it was to mount an 88mm anti tank gun but the main gun on the Tiger II was far more powerful than that on the Tiger 1.
		The main gun specification of the King Tiger was to be a variation of the 88mm anti-aircraft gun.
	www.worldwar2aces.com (2340 words)

	British Home Guard -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		While the coastal guns and the LDV stayed behind, the BEF marched to the borders of France and into battle.
		The larger guns were the 4.5inch and the enormous 5.25 naval surplus which had to be mounted on a turret to operate effectively.
		In 1939, the only other supply of LAA was a hastily concieved plan to purchase Breda 20mm guns from (A republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD) Italy.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/br/british_home_guard.htm (2649 words)

	ipedia.com: 88 mm gun Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		It was originally developed as an anti-aircraft gun starting in 1928, and had its first use in combat late in the Spanish Civil War or early in World War II, when it was quickly adapted by German ground troops for use as a formidible antitank gun as early as 1940, against the French.
		The 88mm guns were able to destroy most early war opposing tanks at extreme ranges (>1km).
		88mm Flak guns were also the principal high-altitude anti-aircraft gun for the defence of the German homeland.
	www.ipedia.com /88_mm_gun.html (403 words)

	Pzkpfw VI TIGER I
		An 88mm was to be used as the main gun, but its effectiveness was to be upgraded to that achieved by the 88mm Flak 41 designed by Rheinmetall.
		The 88mm gun, which had 92 rounds of ammunition, was enormously formidable, and the armor ensured that any frontal shot could not penetrate.
		Along with the extremely effective main gun, a major asset of the tigers was their thick armor on the sides and rear as well as the front.
	www.chsk.com /steppenwolf/tiger1.htm (4828 words)

	uboat.net - Technical pages
		His boat was of type IXB and thus had the larger 10,5cm version of the gun.
		Sometimes the gun was used to shell shore-based targets like in the Caribbean where they fired at various installations like oil storage's and alike or in the Northern Sea where they damaged some radio stations.
		After the massive anti-submarine build-up by the allies in 1942 and 1943 the deck guns were removed from almost all the boats in 1943 and 1944.
	uboat.net /technical/guns.htm (750 words)

	The 88mm FLAK
		At the fronts, the Flak guns were assigned other combat tasks such as antitank use, supporting troops under pressure in ground combat, and on the coasts they they even fired on sea targets and fought off attemps to land.
		The 88mm Flak gun stood out on all fronts because of its mobility, rapid rate of fire (15 to 25 rounds per minute, depending on the crew's level of training) and number of possible uses.
		The 37mm anti-tank guns of the German regiments prove inadequate to penetrate the armor of the the British tanks, and were overrun.
	www.wargamer.com /Hosted/Panzer/88mm.htm (512 words)

	88mm Flak 36 with Flak Artillery Crew Review by Cookie Sewell (DML 1/35)
		The gun's ballistics were also used in the creation of the 8.8 cm KwK 56 gun used in the Tiger I tank.
		While later guns such as the FlaK 41 were considered the best of the 88mm weapons, the FlaK 36/37 are the ones most people think about when they think 88.
		The gun shield for the "Herman Goering" gun is provided with decals in the sheets included with the kit.
	misc.kitreview.com /armourreviews/dml6260reviewcs_1.htm (1464 words)

	German Tiger tank - development history and photos
		The 88mm was a versatile weapon capable of serving many roles from anti-aircraft to anti-tank and artillery.
		As it was, the Tiger 1 was the first tank to mount the 88mm gun in a fully traversable turret.
		On September 1941, it was then decided that it is not possible to mount an 88mm gun on the VK3601 (H) chassis.
	www.worldwar2aces.com /tiger-tank (3297 words)

	GERMAN 88mm Gun
		The new Gun was designated 8.8 Flak 18, and first used in action with the Germanbacked Nationalist Forces in the Spanish Civil War, 1936-39, where it was mainly employed in the anti-aircraft role for which it was designed.
		The gun could be fired from the travelling position with the cruciform side arms extended, and the twin-wheeled Sonderanhaenger 202 was standard with this weapon.
		The gun could be either lowered and emplaced for firing or it could be fired from the traveling positioon so long as the traverse was kept within 30 degrees either side of the longitudinal girders of the field platform.
	wnet.suomi.net /kotisivu/harri.kaarre/88series.html (1407 words)

	New Document
		First time 88mm saw combat was in Spain during the Civil War in 1936, where it proved itself to be not only excellent anti-aircraft gun but also ideal tank killer due to its high muzzle velocity and efficient heavy projectile.
		The only problem with 88mm Flak series was its height and weight, which forced it in action to rely on its power and range rather than concealment.
		During the war 88mm Flak series guns were used aside of the German Army by Italy and captured examples were often used by the Allies including US Army in late 1944 in Western Europe.
	www.epier.com /iq.asp?793864 (975 words)

	Page 8 - Flak, Buzz Bombs, V2 Rockets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The German Flak firepower was strengthened by increasing the size of the 88 mm light batteries from 4 guns to 8.
		the guns were fired in salvoes designed to burst in a sphere of 60 yards in diameter in which it was hoped to entrap the target.
		Each gun, usually of 88mm calibre, could project a shell to 20,000 feet and could knock out an aircraft within 30 yards of the shell burst.
	pages.zdnet.com /vancell/b26tailgunner/id17.html (1465 words)

	Delta 6's Flight School: Flak!!!
		88mm is roughly 3 ½ inches in diameter, and that thing is loaded with about 12 pounds of explosive.
		The big guns are nearly psychic and seem to predict your flight path at times.
		AH has high-powered guns that carry their power over quite a ways, while WBs guns are relatively low-powered and need a shorter range.
	www.worldaccessnet.com /~delta6/flak.htm (1735 words)

	88mm
		At the fronts, the Flak guns were assigned other combat tasks such as antitank use, attacking bunkers, supporting troops under pressure in ground combat, and on the coasts they they even fired on sea targets and fought off attemps to land.
		The 88mm Flak was often towed by a 12-ton Daimler-Benz Kfz 8 Zgkw (Zugkraftwagen) with the gun crew riding on the truck.
		Since the anti-tank units could scarcely hold their own against the Russian T34 tanks with their 37mm Pak guns (known to the troops as "army door-knockers" because of their poor penetrating power), 88mm Flak guns had to be used again and again, often as the only effective weapon available.
	www.strategyplanet.com /commandos/88mm.html (782 words)

	PzKpfw VI TIGER II
		Comparison of characteristics between the 88mm Flak 41 and the 88mm KwK 36 quickly reveals the difficulties created by mounting the longer gun in a turret designed for the shorter gun.
		Even if a gun mount could have been designed to allow the physical installation of the longer Flak 41, there remained the overwhelming problems of balancing the gun, protecting the very long recoil cylinders, traversing the resulting imbalanced turret, and loading the much longer rounds (1200mm versus 931mm).
		As a result of the front overhang adequate room was gained between the gun breech and the turret race to allow for gun recoil, spent cartridge ejection and loading the long main gun rounds.
	www.chsk.com /steppenwolf/tiger2.htm (2530 words)

	Lone Sentry: Excerpts from "The German Soldier," Infantry Journal (WWII training)
		This is the famous German 88mm gun which the newspapers played up as a "secret weapon"—a supposedly revolutionary "new" gun which knocked out tanks and planes with the greatest of ease.
		The 88mm is a tractor-drawn gun for fire on moving targets.
		We also discovered the 88mm gun is a sucker for dive bombers.
	www.lonesentry.com /germansoldier (1595 words)

	History Channel: Questions about the German 88mm Flak Gun ...
		The "88 mm KwK 43 L/71" was the gun of the Tiger II, the AA-gun was the "88 mm FlaK 37 L/56".
		Tank and antitank guns in the first two years of the war were mainly in the 37-50mm range, so when the Germans encountered heavily armored tanks like the Matilda, T-34, and KV, the 88s were one of the few weapons they had that could stop them.
		The gun could be either lowered and emplaced for firing or it could be fired from the traveling position so long as the traverse was kept within 30 degrees either side of the longitudinal girders of the field platform.
	boards.historychannel.com /thread.jspa?forumID=101&threadID=300035832&messageID=300436231&start=-1 (2521 words)

	6260 - 88mm Flak 36
		The inclusion of a well posed gun crew, a good stock of ammunition with storage boxes and the ability to adjust the jacks and other parts offers considerable potential for dioramas and ensures that the Flak 36 represents excellent value for money.
		Detail has not been sacrificed to allow positioning options of the gun, and the final configuration of the model is permanent (as it should be with a kit of this caliber!).
		The fit of the model overall is excellent and allows, for example, the elevation gear to roll smoothly on the rack as the main gun is raised and lowered.
	www.dragon-models.com /html/6260-reviews.htm (1195 words)

	The Vehicles
		The tank's rolled homogeneous steel armor totaled 180mm on the turret front, 150mm on the glacis plate on the front of the hull, and 80mm on the turret and hull sides and rear.
		The L/71 designation refers to the caliber length of the gun; the KwK 43 was 71 lengths of its bore diameter, compared to the shorter L/56 KwK 36 88mm gun mounted in the Tiger I. The KwK 43 was the longest gun mounted in any German tank.
		The gun was not stabilized to remain on target as modern tank guns are; the Tiger tank had to be stationary to fire accurately.
	www.ss501panzer.com /vehicles.htm (1773 words)

	MRC - Armor Series - JAGDPANTHER EARLY & LATE VERSION, Item: 13019, Plastic Model Kits/Armor
		Jagdpanther was loaded with a single 7.92mm MG34 or MG42 machine gun and a long-barreled 88mm L7/1 gun, capable of destroying enemy tanks at ranges of up to 3000 meters.
		Early Jagdpanthers were equipped with a one piece 88mm gun while later versions’ guns consisted of two parts.
		Other periscopes were mounted on the roof of the superstructure and were used by the commander and gun loader.
	modelrec.com /products/plasticModels/product.asp?ID=1371&... (292 words)

	Anti Aircraft Gun 88mm models by Elastolin and Lineol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This gun had been in development since 1928 and was available to the army by 1933.
		Up to the end of the war there were more than 25,000 guns of the types 18/36/37/41 built.
		The Luftwaffe anti-aircraft batteries were equipped with 4 guns each, while there were also heavy batteries with 6 guns each.
	www.toy-soldier-gallery.com /Articles/Flak88/Flak88.html (209 words)

	FLAK 36 88mm Multipurpose Gun - US Air Force Museum Armaments Gallery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		It was primarily an antiaircraft gun but could be adapted to antitank and general artillery use.
		It consists of a single 88mm gun on a mount equipped with three systems of fire control: antiaircraft, direct (line of sight), and indirect fire.
		The gun was widely used against high-flying Allied aircraft.
	www.wpafb.af.mil /museum/arm/arm26.htm (140 words)

	Rod's WarBirds
		The gun's caliber is 28cm (11.02in) and has a range of 38.64 miles with standard munitions, 53.7 miles with a rocket boosted shell and 93.8 miles with the Peenemunde arrow shell (which requires the barrel to be out to 12.2in smoothbore).
		The guns where placed at the approaches of Pearl Harbor, San Francisco and New York (thre is supposed to be a concrete emplacement for the NY gun near my house).
		This gun is capable of firing a shell with a tactical nuclear weapon warhead.
	www.warbirdpix.com /atc1.htm (1205 words)

	Q. about the panther tank ! - FileFront Gaming Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Will you reduce the power of the 88' gun from the tiger or will the 88' gun from the panther and also the next generatin 88' gun from the king tiger more stronger than the other versions of the 88' gun.
		Panther used the 75mm KwK 42 L/70 gun which was capable of penetrating almost 150mm thick armor at the range of 1000 meters.
		The L in the gun data indicates the number the barrel diameter has to be multiplied to get the barrels length.
	forums.filefront.com /showthread.php?t=98565 (2788 words)

	Achtung Panzer! - Panther (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This gun had a single-chamber muzzle brake from the 75mm KwK 40 L/43 gun and was mounted in a turret that featured a drum cupola that bulged the turret on the left side.
		In 1943/44, both guns were replaced by never 128mm K 44 L/55 and 150mm sFH 44 Both designs had their armament dismountable and fully traversable.
		In October of 1944, the design of Sturmpanther armed with 150mm StuH 43/1 gun (similar to Jagdpanther) was proposed, delayed and included on the list of planned modifications to the Panther series (from February 20th of 1945).
	members.tripod.com /George_Parada/pz4.htm (4037 words)

	War Minister- Top 10 Tanks
		This British adaptation of the Sherman was the most deadly, mounting the 17 pounder gun which was equal to the performance of the Tiger's 88mm L/56 gun.
		It's adaptaion of the 88mm FlaK gun was the best gun of its time until introduction of others.
		The high velocity 75mm /L70 main gun was superior even to the 88mm gun of the Tiger.
	www.geocities.com /Pentagon/3120/tanks.html (982 words)

	Nick's Model Tanks page WWII Axis
		This model is of a later vehicle with a heavy gun mantle bolted into place on the front replacing the earlier welded gun mount.
		This is the Airfix SdKfz7 with 88mm gun, with Revell German Infantry figures.
		The gun barrel was too skinny so I used one from the spares box, an Airfix Panther gun, and built up the muzzle brake some to represent that found on the StuG.
	home.comcast.net /~model_tanks2/wwiiaxis.htm (2117 words)

	German 88mm Flak Gun
		The 88mm were very effective in this work and became one of the classic Anti Tank guns of world war two.
		Action at Arras, France, May 21st 1940 by David Pentland 88mm AA guns of the 23rd Flak Regiment, used as anti-tank guns by orders of Rommel himself, are shown firing on British Matilda tanks of 4th/7th Royal Tank Regiment.
		88mm AA guns of the 23rd Flak Regiment, used as anti-tank guns by orders of Rommel himself, are shown firing on British Matilda tanks of 4th/7th Royal Tank Regiment.
	www.panzer-prints.com /88mm.htm (480 words)

	Lone Sentry: The Battle of the Omars, Appendix A, German 88mm Gun (Information Bulletin No. 11, U.S. War Department)
		multipurpose gun, which was used so effectively in the Battle of the Omars, was designed primarily as an anti-aircraft weapon, but like all German antiaircraft guns, it may also be employed against ground targets.
		Mobility, which is a prerequisite of an antitank gun, is secured either by a self-propelled carriage or by a special trailer drawn by a tracked prime mover (see cover design and fig.
		The barrel is jacketed, with an easily detachable breech ring, a supported, interchangeable A tube (the rifled part of the tube), and a removable guide ring.
	www.lonesentry.com /battleoftheomars/appendixa.html (547 words)

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