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Topic: 9969 Braille

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	Braille - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		English braille codes the letters and punctuation, and some double letter signs and word signs directly, but capitalisation and numbers are dealt with by using a prefix symbol.
		Braille may be produced using a "slate" and a "stylus" in which each dot is created from the back of the page, writing in mirror image, by hand, or it may be produced on a braille typewriter or "Perkins Brailler", or produced by a Braille Embosser attached to a computer.
		When Braille is adapted to languages which do not use the Latin alphabet, the blocks are generally assigned to the new alphabet according to how it is transliterated into the Latin alphabet, and the alphabetic order of the national script (and therefore the natural order of Latin Braille) is disregarded.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Braille (1442 words)

	Braille - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Braille originally lacked an encoding for the letter W. Braille is also notable for being a binary code that predated the invention of the computer.
		A standard braille page is 11 inches by 11 inches and typically has a maximum of 40 to 42 braille cells per line and 25 lines on a page.
		Braille has been extended to an 8 dot code so that the case of an individual letter is directly coded in that cell, and so that all the printable ASCII characters can be represented.
	www.eastcleveland.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Braille (944 words)

	Computer Braille (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Braille generally consists of cells of 6 raised dots conventionally numbered :1 4 / 2 5 / 3 6 and the presence or absence of dots gives the coding for the symbol.
		Braille is a V-type asteroid, meaning that its composition is similar to that of the much larger asteroid 4 Vesta; possibly, Braille is a chunk of Vesta that was blown off in an impact.
		Braille music uses the same six-position braille cell as literary braille: However braille music assigns an entirely separate meaning to each braille symbol or group of symbols, different from literary braille, and has its own syntax and abbreviations.
	www.wwwtln.com /finance/48/computer-braille.html (1369 words)

	Asteroid Braille
		Asteroid Braille (1992 KD) was discovered on May 27, 1992 by astronomers Eleanor Helin and Kenneth Lawrence using the 46 centimeter (18 inch) Shmidt telescope at Palomar Observatory, while scanning the skies as part of the Palomar Planet-Crossing Asteroid Survey.
		Braille became the target of NASA's Deep Space 1 spacecraft on July 29, 1999 when the spacecraft flew within an estimated 26 kilometers (16 miles) of the asteroid.
		Braille (also known as 1992 KD) was discovered on May 27, 1992 by astronomers Eleanor Helin and Kenneth Lawrence using the 46 centimeter (18 inch) Shmidt telescope at Palomar Observatory, while scanning the skies as part of the Palomar Planet-Crossing Asteroid Survey.
	www.solarviews.com /eng/braille.htm (821 words)

	Is Braille A Chip Off Vesta
		9969 Braille - August 3, 1999 - The initial results from the Deep Space One flyby of asteroid Braille have uncovered a "family tree" mystery with Braille returning a spectrum reading similar to the main belt asteroid Vesta.
		When Deep Space 1 flew within an estimated 26 kms of the surface of 9969 Braille, its infrared sensor confirmed that the small asteroid is similar to Vesta, a rare type of asteroid and one of the largest bodies from the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
		Braille's longest side is now estimated at 2.2 kms and its shortest side appears to be 1 km.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/deep1-99u.html (415 words)

	EXN.ca \| Space
		9969 Braille, (named after the blind French educator who developed the Braille printing system for the blind) was chosen by mission planners out of more than more than 100 possible asteroids or comets.
		Scientists have theorized that Braille may be a chip off a large asteroid in the main asteroid belt that somehow drifted closer to Earth.
		The fact that Braille’s orbit is tilted so much relative to the solar system’s ecliptic plane shows that it must have been disrupted at some point.
	www.exn.ca /Stories/1999/07/29/53.asp (931 words)

	Deep Space 1 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Deep Space 1 succeeded in its tasks and also achieved its secondary goals: flybys of the asteroid Braille and of Comet Borrelly, returning valuable science data and stunning pictures.
		The Autonav system required a couple of manual corrections, mostly for problems with identifying objects that were not bright enough or were difficult to identify because of the interference of light.
		This meant that the asteroid was not bright enough for the autonav to focus the camera in the right direction, and the picture shoot was delayed by almost an hour.
	www.pineville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Deep_Space_1 (348 words)

	Braille (minor planet 9969)
		The spacecraft’s infrared sensor confirmed that Braille is similar in composition to Vesta, a rare type of asteroid and one of the largest bodies in the main asteroid belt.
		It remains uncertain whether Braille is a piece that broke off Vesta, or whether the two asteroids both came from a larger body that was destroyed long ago.
		In about 4,000 years, it is estimated, Braille will join the hundreds of other asteroids that drift in and out of Earth’s orbit.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/B/Braille.html (192 words)

	Deep Space One To FlyBy Braille Wednesday
		Babcock gave his daughter the name "Braille," so in a sense it is her namesake as well that is now traveling through the solar system.
		Blinded by a childhood accident, Braille was sent to a special school where he was introduced to early, but unwieldy, raised-dot methods of translating printed words into symbols readable with fingertips.
		Asteroid Braille orbits the Sun in the neighborhoods of Mars and Earth.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/deep1-99n.html (708 words)

	Science News: Deep encounter reveals asteroid's ancestry - Brief Article
		Braille, which had exited the main belt and crossed Mars' orbit, probably represents a fragment gouged from Vesta during the collision that made the crater.
		The link between Braille and Vesta is especially intriguing because NASA chose Braille at random to study, and few asteroids have shown a composition similar to that of Vesta.
		Braille is expected to cross Earth's orbit in a few thousand years.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1200/is_7_156/ai_55698642 (545 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		DS1 flew by the near-Earth asteroid 9969 Braille (1999 K2) at 04:46 UT (12:46 a.m.
		The diameter of Braille is estimated at 2.2 km at its longest and 1 km at its shortest.
		Braille Encounter: All the technology testing was completed by July 1999.
	www.lcjbsa.org /work/mission.cat (1789 words)

	Photograph Of Louis Braille (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Living Room: Braille family artifacts from the early nineteenth century, and the only known photograph of Louis Braille.
		The body of Louis Braille rested in the village cemetery till 1952...
		Braille is our only business, and today, our computer-driven embossers produce millions of pages of it in countries all over the world.
	www.braillejail.net /photograph-of-louis-braille.html (280 words)

	Braille Contractions -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Braille was born in Coupvray near Paris, France.
		Braille Braille de:Braille (Asteroid) nl:9969 Braille pl:Asteroida 9969 Braille`a
		Most anything that can be written in standard print music notation can be written in braille music notation as well.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/22/braille-contractions.html (1364 words)

	APOD: August 5, 1999 - Asteroid 9969 Braille (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		9969 Braille last week as it continued to test its new ion drive in the inner
		Louis Braille, a pioneer in written communication for the blind.
		Asteroid 9969 Braille rotates only once in 9 days, and has an orbit greatly tilted relative to the ecliptic plane of the planets.
	antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov /apod/ap990805.html (150 words)

	Asteroid mystery in space: siblings or parent and child?
		Deep Space 1 flew within an estimated 26 kilometers (16 miles) of asteroid 9969 Braille on July 28.
		Apart from flyby findings, project scientists have determined that Braille is one of the asteroids that drift in and out of Earth's orbit over eons and that it will return to Earth's vicinity within a few thousand years.
		PDT on July 28 (04:46 Universal Time July 29), occurred at an estimated distance of 26 kilometers (16 miles), although the exact distance is still being measured.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /releases/99/ds1flybyresults.html (580 words)

	[34.03] Deep Space 1 MICAS Observations of 9969 Braille (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		During the Deep Space 1 flyby of 9969 Braille (1992 KD), measurements were obtained in the two cameras and in the IR spectrometer.
		A dozen IR spectra were obtained 15 minutes after the spacecraft's closest approach to the asteroid, when it was at a range of about 14,000 km, and at a solar phase angle of about 90 degrees.
		The best resolution images of Braille, obtained by the CCD camera a few seconds before the IR spectra, show that the longest dimension of the asteroid is at least 2.1 km.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v31n4/dps99/556.htm (272 words)

	Deep Space 1: General Interest: Close-up Of An Asteroid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Most asteroids orbit the Sun in a "belt" of debris between Mars and Jupiter, but there are some whose orbits cross or come close to that of Earth.
		On July 28, 1999, the Deep Space 1 spacecraft flew by asteroid Braille only about 26 kilometers above the surface, which is about twice as high above the asteroid as a jet plane flies above the Earth.
		During the close flyby, the spacecraft took images, measured such basic physical properties of the asteroid as its mineral composition, size, shape, and brightness; and it searched for changes in the solar wind as it interacted with the asteroid to investigate whether it had a magnetic field.
	nmp.jpl.nasa.gov /ds1/gen/gen3.html (168 words)

	Braille System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Louis Braille, who became blind from.....an accident at age 3, developed the Braille System to help teach blind children.....Braille..
		Tells the story of Braille's life and describes the system of writing he invented.
		...outset, as a basis for any proposed braille system; that the proposed braille system.....for a major revamp of the current braille system.
	www.braillejail.net /braille-system.html (237 words)

	SPACE.com -- Asteroid, Like Its Namesake, Will Help Humans Better Understand
		A spacecraft called Deep Space 1, using mechanical eyes, will guide itself past asteroid 9969 Braille, as it has been named, closer than any asteroid flyby prior.
		The asteroid was named after Braille, the blind inventor of the raised-dot system of communicating used widely among the vision impaired.
		The name was suggested by Kerry Babcock, a software engineer at the Kennedy Space Center, who wrote this: "Louis Braille invented the Braille language so those who could not see could obtain knowledge and explore through the 'written' word.
	www.space.com /news/ds_braille.html (396 words)

	Billie Dee: Selected Poems
		Collected poems from Los Angeles poet Billie Dee, including recently published work, Poem for the Asteroid Braille (commissioned by the National Library Service), exerpts from her latest chapbook, ghazals and cinquains, an ode for Barbie, and so much more...
		The space rock was discovered at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and was named in honor of Louis Braille, inventor of the most widely used reading system for the blind.
		This collection showcases the deeply introspective poetry of three active poets, exploring the roles of contemporary women in the evolving American family.
	www.geocities.com /billiedee2000/poems.html (309 words)

	asteroid 9969 Braille (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The probe's infrared camera found that Braille has a spectrum that is unusual among asteroids, one usually associated with 4 Vesta, prompting the idea that Braille was originally part of Vesta, or that the two are remnants of a larger body.
		The asteroid had been known only as 1992 KD until a couple of days before the flyby, when it was named after Louis Braille, inventor of the raised-dot reading system for sightless people.
		The key as-it-happened 1999 mission reports for the Braille flyby are from 18 July, 25 July, 29 July, 1 Aug., and 8 Aug. (ignore the page-top dates).
	www.hohmanntransfer.com /cgi-bin/get.cgi?num=9969 (334 words)

	Bibliographie des DLR (LIDO) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A Model for Rotation and Shape of Asteroid 9969 Braille from Ground-Based Observations and Images Obtained during the Deep Space 1 (DS1) Flyby
		Image data from the DS1 encounter with Asteroid 9969 Braille and data from a coordinated ground-based photometric observing campaign are combined to study the physical properties of this small Mars crosser.
		31,) that Braille is of the V or Q taxonomic type.
	www.dlr.de /lido/WP/2003/1960562003.html (199 words)

	Deep Space 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Deep Space 1 (DS1) is the first of a series of technology demonstration probes being developed by NASA's New Millennium Program.
		The spacecraft will fly by the Mars crossing near-Earth asteroid 9969 Braille (formerly known as 1992 KD) and possibly comets Wilson-Harrington and Borrelly.
		DS1 flew by the near-Earth asteroid 9969 Braille at 04:46 UT (12:46 a.m.
	www.ugcs.caltech.edu /~marcsulf/html/ds1.html (982 words)

	On autopilot, Deep Space 1 zooms by asteroid Braille
		July 29, 1999: NASA's Deep Space 1 experimental spacecraft successfully flew closely above the surface of asteroid 9969 Braille at 9:46 p.m.
		The July 29, 1999 flyby of Braille was accomplished while the spacecraft was under the control of AutoNav, a cutting-edge experiment in autonomous navigation.
		Deep Space 1's flyby of Braille was the closest to date.
	science.nasa.gov /newhome/headlines/ast29jul99_1.htm (968 words)

	The Cosmic Mirror # 142
		Astronomer Eleanor Helin, lead discoverer of the asteroid formerly known as 1992 KD, selected Braille from hundreds of suggestions submitted to The Planetary Society in a worldwide contest to name the object that DS1 will encounter on July 29th.
		Likewise, asteroid Braille provides knowledge about our universe and its origin to the people of Earth, who through Deep Space 1, are also able to explore and discover what previously they could not 'see.'" Mr.
		According to a recent analysis of Braille's lightcurve by German astronomers, the space rock measures about 1 x 2 km and rotates every 9.4 days.
	www.astro.uni-bonn.de /~dfischer/mirror/142.html (1484 words)

	Jack's Celestia Add-ons
		Thanks to praesepe for smoothing & removing the anim8or-style shinyness.
		3ds model and ssc file for asteroid 9969 Braille (1992 KD).
		Deep Space 1 flew by Braille at a distance of ~23km in 1998, but the images from this encounter were incredibly lo-res...
	homepage.eircom.net /~jackcelestia/minormoon_ast.htm (198 words)

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