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Topic: A Hacker History

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	hacker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In other cases, where a hacker is willing to maintain their own code, a company may be unable to find anyone else who is capable or willing to dig through code to maintain the program if the original programmer moves on to a new job.
		Hackers consider themselves something of an elite (a meritocracy based on ability), though one to which new members are gladly welcome.
		Hacker and Hack are also: terms for a taxicab driver (because a taxicab can be called a hack, a shortened form of hackney carriage).
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Hacker.html (3350 words)

	Hacker
		Hacker culture The hacker culture is the voluntary subculture which first developed in the open source movement.
		Hacker ethic The hacker ethic is either: The belief that information-sharing is a powerful positive good, and that it is...
		Timeline of hacker history This is a timeline of hacker history.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/hacker.html (363 words)

	Hacker - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hacker is a term used to describe people proficient in computers, who employ a tactical, rather than strategic, approach to computer programming, administration, or security, as well as their culture (hacker culture).
		Popular media and the general population use hacker to mean a fl hat hacker, that is, a network security hacker who partakes in illegal activity or lacks in ethics.
		In other technical fields, hacker is extended to mean a person who makes things work beyond perceived limits through their own technical skill, such as a hardware hacker, or reality hacker.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hacker (1514 words)

	Hacker culture - Iridis Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The hacker culture is the voluntary subculture which first developed in the 1960s among hackers working on early minicomputers in academic computer science environments.
		Since the mid-1990s the hacker culture has been almost coincident with what is now called the open source movement.
		Press and popular accounts of the hacker culture often confound it with an unrelated subculture of software cracking and security-breaking, with historical roots in the early phone phreaks of the 1970s and the microcomputer BBS scene of the 1980s.
	www.iridis.com /dsabljic/Hacker_culture (810 words)

	A history of hacking
		At first, "hacker" was a positive term for a person with a mastery of computers who could push programs beyond what they were designed to do.
		In one of the first arrests of hackers, the FBI busts the Milwaukee-based 414s (named after the local area code) after members are accused of 60 computer break-ins ranging from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center to Los Alamos National Laboratory.
		A Canadian hacker group called the Brotherhood, angry at hackers being falsely accused of electronically stalking a Canadian family, break into the Canadian Broadcasting Corp. Web site and leave message: "The media are liars." Family's own 15-year-old son eventually is identified as stalking culprit.
	www.sptimes.com /Hackers/history.hacking.html (892 words)

	PhpWiki - Hacker Culture
		Some hackers who hack within legal and ethical boundaries like to use the term "cracking" for criminal uses of hacking techniques.
		The belief that information-sharing is a powerful positive good, and that it is an ethical duty of hackers to share their expertise by writing open-source and facilitating access to information and to computing resources wherever possible.
		Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not bogus criteria such as degress, age, race, or position.
	g0lem.net /PhpWiki/index.php/HackerCulture (340 words)

	History Forum -> About The Word 'hacker'.
		The hacker mind-set is not confined to this software-hacker culture.
		Software hackers recognize these kindred spirits elsewhere and may call them ‘hackers’ too — and some claim that the hacker nature is really independent of the particular medium the hacker works in.
		Real hackers mostly think crackers are lazy, irresponsible, and not very bright, and object that being able to break security doesn't make you a hacker any more than being able to hotwire cars makes you an automotive engineer.
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=1874 (713 words)

	Hacker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A hacker is anyone who enjoys the intellectual challenge of creatively overcoming or circumventing limitations, primarily in their fields of interest, namely programming or electrical engineering.
		Note that while the term hacker denotes competence, the noun hack often means kludge and thus has a negative connotation while the verb hack generally shares the same competent connotations.
		The primary difference is that a white hat hacker observes the hacker ethic, a sort of golden rule of computing similar to: Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.
	www.portaljuice.com /hacker.html (2865 words)

	A Computer Geek's History of the Internet - www.WBGLinks.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		For most of the history of cryptography, a key had to be kept absolutely secret and would be agreed upon beforehand using a secure, but non-cryptographic, method; for example, a face-to-face meeting or a trusted courier.
		The hackers express anger at the arrest and imprisonment of Kevin Mitnick.
		A 16-year-old Canadian hacker nicknamed 'Mafiaboy' carries out a distributed denial-of-service attack consisting of a 1-gigabits-per-second flood of IP packet requests from "zombie" servers which knocked Yahoo off-line for over 3 hours.
	www.wbglinks.net /pages/history (6595 words)

	On Hacking - Richard Stallman
		Hackers typically had little respect for the silly rules that administrators like to impose, so they looked for ways around.
		For instance, when computers at MIT started to have "security" (that is, restrictions on what users could do), some hackers found clever ways to bypass the security, partly so they could use the computers freely, and partly just for the sake of cleverness (hacking does not need to be useful).
		In the hacker's paradise, the glory days of the Artificial Intelligence Lab, there was no security breaking, because there was no security to break.
	www.stallman.org /articles/on-hacking.html (943 words)

	Hacker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Currently, "hacker" is used in two main ways, one positive and one pejorative.
		The modern, computer-related form of the term is likely rooted in the goings on at MIT in the 1960s, long before computers became common; the word "hack" was local slang which had a large number of related meanings.
		An incompetent fl-hat hacker, one who does not write their own tools, and probably does not really understand computers' inner workings, is derisively known as a script kiddie.
	www.yotor.com /wiki/en/ha/Hacker.htm (3370 words)

	hacker history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		MIT University was the first place to use the term hacker because they integrated large mainframe computers in their labs (St. Petersburg).
		Hackers created lists of words that hackers used into what is known as the Jargon File in 1975.
		Hackers started to hack into major corporations' main frames and use the information to their benefit.
	www.du.edu /~zhimmelm (482 words)

	A Brief History of Hackerdom
		Its electronic highways brought together hackers all over the U.S. in a critical mass; instead of remaining in isolated small groups each developing their own ephemeral local cultures, they discovered (or re-invented) themselves as a networked tribe.
		Cheap timesharing was the medium the hacker culture grew in, and for most of its lifespan the ARPANET was primarily a network of DEC machines.
		And hackers at CMU were doing the work that would lead to the first practical large-scale applications of expert systems and industrial robotics.
	packetstormsecurity.nl /docs/hack/hacker-hist.html (4232 words)

	Hacker Boat Company History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Hacker was born on May 24, 1877, and studied speedboat design by correspondence course while working as a bookkeeper in his father's business.
		Hacker's success was interrupted by a nervous breakdown which caused him to sell out his first business to partner L.L. Tripp; after John Hacker's departure the company eventually became known as the Albany Boat Company.
		Although John L. Hacker was no longer connected with the Hacker Boat Company, he continued to design boats for a number of firms until his death in 1961, and was responsible for a number of racing winners including "My Sweetie," which took the Gold Cup in Detroit in 1949.
	www.classic-boats.net /hckrhist.htm (1067 words)

	Hacker Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In the last part, Thomas provides a judicial discourse on how hackers are defined legally and concludes by examining the cases of two hackers, Kevin Mitnick and Chris Lamprecht, who were prosecuted for their activities.
		He shows us that hackers have been at the edge of defining these issues, and in a remarkably well balanced account which refuses fl and white labels, he shows that they are not always on the wrong side.
		This is a cultural and political study of hackers as researched by an academic, and as a former academic myself, I can tell you a bit about how this process works.
	www.pcprotection.ca /books-reviewed/0816633460.html (2049 words)

	Hacker's World Portal
		Hackers World Portal is for informational purposes only.
		* Hackers should be judged by their Hacking, not bogus criteria such as degrees, age, race, or position.
		Hackers World Portal does not know what you think of our site and cares what you would like to see.
	www.geocities.com /hackersworldportal (297 words)

	AttackGuardian.Com & HackHunters.Com : HACKER-HISTORY }
		A Hacker by the name of "John Draper" made a free long-distance call by blowing a specific tone into the telephone that told the phone system to open a line.
		A Canadian hacker group called the "Brotherhood" became upset when several hackers were falsely accused of electronically stalking a Canadian family and breaking into the Canadian Broadcasting Corp. Web site where they allegedly left the following message: "The media are liars." The family's own 15-year-old son eventually is identified as the stalking culprit.
		Hackers claim to have broken into a Pentagon network and stolen specific software for a military satellite system.
	a2z4u.net /attackguardian/hacker_history.htm (973 words)

	A Little Bit of Hacker History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The director of the lab, Marvin Minsky, was sympathetic to the hackers' desire to explore and impressed enough with their accomplishments that he allowed them to have direct access to the machines, even though the true hackers among the group had by then dropped out of school to spend more time hacking.
		The legendary feats of the early hackers are made all the more amazing by the primitive nature of the machines they were using and the tools they had at their disposal.
		The third wave of hacker activity was born in northern California without direct genealogy to the MIT hackers.
	www.cs.utah.edu /~elb/folklore/afs-paper/node3.html (521 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		I explore the origins of the hacker culture, including prehistory among the Real Programmers, the glory days of the MIT hackers, and how the early ARPAnet nurtured the first network nation.
		They didn't call themselves `hackers', either, or anything in particular; the sobriquet `Real Programmer' wasn't coined until after 1980, retrospectively by one of their own.
		From the end of World War II to the early 1970s, in the great days of batch processing and the ``big iron'' mainframes, the Real Programmers were the dominant technical culture in computing.
	www.catb.org /~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/hacker-history (406 words)

	Timeline of hacker history - TheBestLinks.com - Apple Computer, America Online, Bill Clinton, Bulletin board system, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Now, at age “40-plus,” she’s the founder of antichildporn.org, a group of hackers who use their skills to track kiddie-porn distributors and pass the information on to law enforcement.
		A 19-year-old Israeli hacker who calls himself The Analyzer (aka Ehud Tenebaum) is eventually identified as their ringleader and arrested.
		The hackers express anger at the arrest and imprisonment of Kevin Mitnick, the subject of the book "Takedown" co-authored by Times reporter John Markoff.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Timeline_of_hacker_history.html (3881 words)

	Hacker Boat Company
		Hacker Craft boats are known the world over for their fine craftsmanship and sleek V-bottom design which allowed greater speed at lower horsepower.
		Hacker and McCready worked together through the glory days of the Roaring Twenties, when demand for pleasure boats was high and the innovative and ingenious Hacker designs were developing an increasingly large following.
		Business was strong, and in 1952, Hacker Boat was awarded a government contract for the construction of 25 ocean-going picket boats for the U.S. Navy.
	www.macomb.lib.mi.us /mountclemens/hacker.htm (1088 words)

	History of Hacking
		The same year that ARPANET was developed, a hacker named Ken Thompson invented Unix in 1969.
		By the mid-eighties the term hacker was becoming visible in mainstream media.
		Yet hackers strength was still to be increased with the kick off of a popular tool called the Web.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /~vatishma/webproj/webproj.html (454 words)

	History Of Computers : Home Electronics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		History of computing hardware (before 1960s) History of computing hardware (1960s-present) History of operating systems This narrative presents the major developments in the history of computing hardware and attempts to put them...
		History of computing hardware (before 1960s) History of computing hardware (1960s-present) History of operating systems The history of computing hardware (continued from history of computing hardware) picks up with the...
		See live article Timeline of hacker history This is a timeline of hacker history.
	www.lotusarn.com /176-History-Of-Computers.html (848 words)

	Hacker, World Military History Bibliography
		The emphasis of WMHB is explained by the author as focusing on “the study of military institutions rather than wars”; (ix).
		From one perspective this makes sense, since the category “medieval” is a European concept, and there are no compelling reasons why the history of other regions of the world should be forced into a European chronological straightjacket.
		Of those twenty, twelve are from the Cambridge History of Iran; each chapter from that excellent work is treated as a separate bibliographic entry.
	www.deremilitari.org /REVIEWS/hacker_wmhb.htm (895 words)

	Resource Hacker - Version History
		Resources can now be renamed either via the popup menu of the treeview control or via the main menu (once the specific resource has been selected in the treeview control).
		Bug fix: Resource Hacker will now display and edit resources stored in sections other than the '.rsrc' section.
		When editing dialog controls using the resource script Editor, the control corresponding to the current insertion point (if any) will be highlighted automatically in the dialog preview.
	www.angusj.com /resourcehacker/rh_history.html (1712 words)

	A History of Hacking (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Although I no longer consider myself a hacker, it is still an extremely interesting subject to me. The Golden Age of computer hacking has past - the 80's - are over.
		The good hackers were too smart to stay in the game.
		Hacker History - A brief timeline showing major events in Hacking history.
	mike.boudreaux.net /hackmain.htm (646 words)

	Collusion E-zine - History of a Hacker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Hackers for me are the archmages of the digital arts.
		You may be the best at writing ASM code for web server exploits, which is a very powerful bit of knowledge, but that doesn’t make you the best hacker.
		Hackers would find a way to make it a standard.
	www.collusion.org /Article.cfm?ID=145 (636 words)

	The Heroic Hacker: Legends of the Computer Age (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The computer hacker has been depicted in the popular press as a socially maladjusted teenager whose goal is to wreak malicious havoc on unsuspecting computer users.
		The true hacker is raised to heroic status with tales of amazing feats circulated through computer networks in the form of stories and legends.
		In this paper I discuss the persona of the true hacker, illustrated using hacker legends collected from the Internet.
	www.cs.utah.edu /~elb/folklore/afs-paper/afs-paper.html (101 words)

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