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Topic: A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits

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	Citations: Symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits - Shannon (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Citations: Symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits - Shannon (ResearchIndex)
		Shannon, A symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits.
		Shannon C.E., A symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /context/81381/0 (2607 words)

	A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Ci... - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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	History of computing hardware - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		With development of the integrated circuits and microprocessors, the expensive, large calculators were replaced with smaller electronic devices.
		First generation computers such as the Atanasoff-Berry Computer, Z3 and Colossus were built by hand using circuits containing relays or vacuum valves (tubes), and often used punched cards or punched paper tape for input and as the main (non-volatile) storage medium.
		By using transistors and printed circuits a significant decrease in size and power consumption was achieved, along with an increase in reliability.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_computing_hardware (5641 words)

	claude shannon - computer science theory
		A Midwesterner, Claude Shannon was born in Gaylord, Michigan in 1916.
		This analysis formed the basis for Shannon’s influential 1938 paper "A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits," in which he put forth his developing theories on the relationship of symbolic logic to relay circuits.
		While studying the relay switches on the Differential Equalizer as they went about formulating an equation, Shannon noted that the switches were always either open or closed, or on and off.
	www.thocp.net /biographies/shannon_claude.htm (1372 words)

	LECTURE NOTES TO ACCOMPANY CHAPTER 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		1938: A symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits, by Claude Shannon, relates the use of Boolean algebra to relay switching circuits.
		Switch AND to NAND using the standard "and-not" symbols.
		Switch OR to NAND using the alternate "not-or" symbols.
	www.mathcs.sjsu.edu /faculty/fecteau/CS147/CH002.htm (2231 words)

	Claude Shannon: Rare first edition of his master's thesis
		Also of interest was a complex relay circuit associated with the differential analyzer that controlled its operation and involved over one hundred relays.
		In studying and servicing this circuit, Shannon became interested in the theory and design of relay and switching circuits.
		He had studied symbolic logic and Boolean algebra at Michigan in mathematics courses, and realized that this was the appropriate mathematics for studying such two-valued systems.
	www.manhattanrarebooks-science.com /shannon_thesis.htm (516 words)

	Claude Elwood Shannon - QuickSeek Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Shannon was born in Gaylord, Michigan and was a distant relative of Thomas Edison.
		A paper drawn from his 1937 master's thesis, A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits, was published in the 1938 issue of the Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.
		In this work, Shannon proved that Boolean algebra and binary arithmetic could be used to simplify the arrangement of the electromechanical relays then used in telephone routing switches, then turned the concept upside down and also proved that it should be possible to use arrangements of relays to solve Boolean algebra problems.
	claudeelwoodshannon.quickseek.com (1554 words)

	Charles Babbage Institute: RESEARCH PROGRAM> Current research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Moreover, Shannon proved that, given the ‘on/off’ nature of electric circuits, the calculus he had designed to manipulate these equations were precisely analogous to Boolean algebra.
		It was the logic designer who, from his set of equations, produced “a set of wiring diagrams which show how to fit the components together to realize the specifications.” Logical design formulated the input/output processes, the order of processing in the control unit, and the design of the arithmetic unit.
		Claude E. Shannon, “A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits,” Transactions, American Institute of Electrical Engineers 57 (1938); reprinted in N.J.A. Sloane and Aaron D. Wyner, eds., Claude Elwood Shannon: Collected Papers (New York: IEEE Press): 471-95.
	www.cbi.umn.edu /shp/entries/logicaldesign.html (460 words)

	Math Forum Discussions
		complicated circuits for switching could be effected by the use of Boolean algebra.
		Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits," which seems to imply that he was
		The Math Forum is a research and educational enterprise of the Drexel School of Education.
	mathforum.org /kb/thread.jspa?messageID=1185525&tstart=0 (689 words)

	Neuroscientists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		His classic paper (based on Master thesis) "A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits" showed how a logic machine could be built using switching circuits corresponding to the propositions of Boolean algebra.
		His work on generalized harmonic analysis and Tauberian theorems won the Bôcher Prize in 1933 when he received the prize from the American Mathematical Society for his memoir Tauberian theorems published in Annals of Mathematics in the previous year.
		He is one of the fathers of modern time series analysis and probability density estimation, with the Parzen window being one of the most recognizable functions in all of statistics.
	soma.crl.mcmaster.ca /~zhechen/scientists_1.htm (3811 words)

	History : Hardware (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Besides Shannon's theory of communication, he published a classic paper "A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits." This paper point out the identity between the two "truth values" of symbolic logic and the binary values 1 and 0 of electronic circuits.
		Shannon showed how a "logic machine" could be built using switching circuits corresponding to the propositions of Boolean algebra.
		One of the most important feature of Shannon's theory was the concept of entropy, which he demonstrated to be equivalent to a shortage in the information content in a message.
	www.felixgers.de /teaching/history/people_shannon.html (293 words)

	Template for CS20c Progress Reports
		some properties of series/parallel circuits using symbolic analysis, and discusses properties and theorems relating to other specific circuit types.
		0 + 0 = 0 A closed circuit in series with a closed circuit is a closed circuit is a closed circuit.
		Obtain Claude Shannon's Master's Thesis: A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits.
	www.cs.caltech.edu /~lam/progress2.html (1050 words)

	Biological Information Theory and Chowder Society Tribute to Claude E. Shannon
		At that time Vannevar Bush was vice president of M.I.T. and dean of the engineering school, and actively conducting research on his invention the differential analyzer, the first reliable analog computer that solved differential equations.
		Shannon's electrical engineering master's thesis "A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits" has been described as one of the most important master's theses ever written.
		This function represents the lower limit on the expected number of symbols required to code for the outcome of an event regardless of the method of coding, and is thus the unique measure of the quantity of information.
	www.lecb.ncifcrf.gov /~toms/shannontribute.html (913 words)

	shannonbib.html
		``The Use of the Lakatos-Hickman Relay in a Subscriber Sender,'' Memorandum MM 40-130-179, August 3, 1940, Bell Laboratories, 7 pp.
		Included in Part B. (With E. Moore) ``The Relay Circuit Analyzer,'' Memorandum MM 53-1400-9, March 31, 1953, Bell Laboratories, 14 pp.
		Included in Part B. (With E. Moore) ``The Relay Circuit Synthesizer,'' Memorandum MM 53-140-52, November 30, 1953, Bell Laboratories, 26 pp.
	www.research.att.com /~njas/doc/shannonbib.html (3243 words)

	Shannon (print-only)
		Shannon wrote a Master's thesis A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits on the use of Boole's algebra to analyse and optimise relay switching circuits.
		The idea that one could transmit pictures, words, sounds etc. by sending a stream of 1s and 0s down a wire, something which today seems so obvious as we take this information from a server in St Andrews, Scotland, and view it anywhere in the world, was fundamentally new.
		He had held a position as a visiting professor of communication sciences and mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1956, then from 1957 he was appointed to the Faculty there, but remained a consultant with Bell Telephones.
	www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk /Printonly/Shannon.html (1207 words)

	Subject: Death of Claude Shannon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Few realize it, but he was the father of the digital revolution, too.
		His masters thesis, "Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits", in 1941, established the isomorphism between electronic switches and the Boolean algebra.
		It made switching theory a science, and defined digital electronics.
	www.johncon.com /john/correspondence/010227225207.13418.html (280 words)

	shannonbib.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		(With E. Moore) ``The Relay Circuit Analyzer,'' Memorandum MM 53-1400-9, March 31, 1953, Bell Laboratories, 14 pp.
		(With E. Moore) ``The Relay Circuit Synthesizer,'' Memorandum MM 53-140-52, November 30, 1953, Bell Laboratories, 26 pp.
		(With D. Hagelbarger) ``A Relay Laboratory Outfit for Colleges,'' Memorandum MM 54-114-17, January 10, 1954, Bell Laboratories.
	www.uni-klu.ac.at /~gossimit/lv/02/s/smt/web/zheng/shannonbib.html (2765 words)

	shannon.html
		We have made several sets of copies of the excluded material, and plan to deposit copies in the AT&T Bell Laboratories library at Murray Hill, New Jersey, the M.I.T. library, and the Library of Congress and the British Library.
		The papers fall naturally into three groups: (A) communication theory, information theory and cryptography; (B) computers, circuits and games; (C) the hitherto unpublished doctoral dissertation on population genetics.
		Inside each group the papers are, with some exceptions, arranged in chronological order.
	www.research.att.com /~njas/doc/shannon.html (1139 words)

	Acknowledgments
		Given MIT's tendency to collect intelligent, energetic, testosterone-poisoned graduate students, the only way to retain the respect of one's friends was to produce a master's thesis that would be hailed as a great PhD thesis at any other school.
		If you were going to expound a theory, something like Claude Shannon's 1938 master's "Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits" would be expected.
		Shannon was in our department and his master's transformed circuit design from an art into a science and sparked a generation of engineers into thinking that information per se could be manipulated by a machine.
	philip.greenspun.com /panda/thesis/acknowledgments (1028 words)

	Claude Shannon - Communications Pioneer Dead at 84
		Shannon's seminal work was his Massachusetts Institute of Technology master's thesis, A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits.
		The thesis, considered one of the most important ever written, established the fundamental theories of digital circuits — the basis for the operation of computers and telecommunications systems.
		Shannon's second great work, A Mathematical Theory of Communications, published a decade later in 1948, established the framework and terminology of coding theory — the study of how to efficiently and reliably move information over so-called noisy channels.
	www.eweek.com /article2/0,1759,1240878,00.asp (647 words)

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