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Topic: APG Classification

	Angiosperm Phylogeny Group - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The first APG classification was published in 1998; a revised version was published in 2003 (APG, 2003), and is known as APG II 2003 or just APG II.
		To offer alternative classifications for some groups, in which for example a number of families can either be regarded as separate or can be merged into a single larger family.
		Independent researchers, including members of the APG, continue to publish their own views on areas of angiosperm taxonomy, and in any case no classification is ever final; it presents a view at a particular point in time, based on a particular state of research.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Group (583 words)

	Flowering plant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, the APG system, of 1998, and the APG II system, of 2003, do not treat it as a formal taxon but rather treat it as a clade without a formal botanical name and use the name angiosperms for this clade.
		Recent studies, as by the APG group, show that the monocots are a "good" group (a holophyletic or monophyletic group); this clade is given the name monocots.
		In APG II (2003) it is not settled; at maximum it is 457, but within this number there are 55 optional segregates, so that the minimum number of families in this system is 402.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Flowering_plant (2322 words)

	APG system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A modern system of plant taxonomy, the APG system of plant classification was published in 1998 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group.
		The system is unusual in being based, not on total evidence, but on the cladistic analysis of the DNA sequences of three genes, two chloroplast genes and one gene coding for ribosomes.
		The APG system recognises 462 families and 40 orders: these are assigned as follows.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/APG_system (284 words)

	APG II system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The APG II system is the successor of the APG system.
		Continued development beyond APG II can be followed at the APG-companion site.
		The APG II system has proven to be influential and has been adopted in whole or in part (sometimes with modifications) in a number of recent references.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/APG_II_system (214 words)

	APG Definitions Version 1.0 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		APGs are a patient classification system designed to explain the amount and type of resources used in an ambulatory visit.
		The data elements used to define APGs were limited to the information routinely collected on the Medicare claim form and consisted of the diagnoses coded in ICD-9-CM, procedures coded in CPT and the age and sex of the patient.
		The evaluation of alternative classification variables for defining the diagnostic upper GI endoscopy APG and the repetitive evaluation of historical data and clinical review is typical of the process that was used in forming the APG definitions.
	www.irp.com /apgdef10.htm (10767 words)

	Classification of Malvaceae: Overview
		The position of Malvaceae sensu APG within the higher levels of the classification of the terrestrial biota is not disputed.
		In the classification of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (Uppsala System) dicotyledons (dicots) have been abandoned as a formal taxon, as the majority of studies find them to be paraphyletic with respect to monocots (lilies, grasses, arums, palms, orchids, gingers, etc).
		In the classification of Goldberg (1986) a narrowly drawn Malvales consists of Bombacaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, Malvaceae, Sterculiaceae and Tiliaceae.
	www.malvaceae.info /Classification/overview.html (2363 words)

	Chapter 4
		This follows the philosophy expressed by the APG which stated "classification is not only a matter of grouping according to the principle of monophyly, but it is also a matter of communication..." Sequence data for nuclear SSU rDNA and rbcL have been obtained for all genera in the family.
		The separate familial status is reflected in the classifications of Cronquist (1988), Takhtajan (1997), and Dahlgren (1983), whereas inclusion in Convolvulaceae is followed by Thorne (1992) and the APG (1998) classification.
		In general agreement with the classification of Fagerlind (1948) and Cronquist (1981, 1988), Balanophoraceae emerged as monophyletic and sister to Santalales as part of the unresolved core eudicot clade containing Caryophyllales.
	www.parasiticplants.siu.edu /Chapter4.html (7278 words)

	Angiosperm Families - References (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Table 1 shows that the APG Asterids are to all intents and purposes the Tenuinucelli, while their Rosids are the Crassinucelli minus 19 families they assign to ‘basal orders’ and numerous others they leave unclassified.
		When the impending, overhauled classification of the Flowering Plants is formalised, it would surely be appropriate to acknowledge nomenclaturally the astuteness of the Nineteenth Century taxonomists who detected important groups without the benefits of embryology and molecular biology, and with little or no regard for evolution.
		The classificatory components of the package are discussed in the Character Notes accompanying classification characters, which may be read in the HTML version of the character list or accessed via Intkey.
	delta-intkey.com /angio/www/APG.htm (976 words)

	APG Definitions Version 2.0 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Although charge data was used extensively in the APG development, it was necessary for the clinical team to make judgments on whether observed charge differences across different procedures reflect real differences in the resources required to perform the procedure or the bias of the established RVU scales.
		APG 421 contains minor procedures such as range of motion measurements which are integral to a medical, significant procedure or therapy visit.
		Each of the APGs is defined by a particular set of patient attributes which include the diagnosis that was the reason for the encounter, specific secondary diagnoses, and procedures.
	www.irp.com /apgdef20.htm (9701 words)

	Research Projects - Daniel L. Nickrent (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Classification of these nonphotosynthetic plants using traditional means has been difficult owing to morphological reductions and losses.
		These plants were among the few listed in the first APG classification as “position uncertain.” In 1997 a collaborative project with Y.-L. Qiu and his student A. Blarer (Zürich, Switzerland) was initiated.
		Although some previous classifications placed these two groups together, most workers assumed this was overly influenced by the presence of parasitism and that any morphological similarities were simply a result of convergence.
	www.science.siu.edu /plant-biology/faculty/nickrent/ResProjects.html (3366 words)

	Wikinfo \| Asparagales
		In older classification systems, the families now included in the Asparagales were included in order Liliales, and some genera of which were even included in family Liliaceae.
		The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group's classification system is widely used by botanists, and was updated as the APG II in 2002 to include recent findings, especially in DNA analysis.
		The APG II consolidates some families, and recognizes an alternative system of fewer, larger families, in which certain smaller families can be grouped within other larger families based on close genetic affinities and still follow the 'APG system'.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Asparagales (276 words)

	Introduction
		Classifications in the broad sense are box-in-box, group-in-group, or part/whole naming devices that we use to communicate aspects of our knowledge of things in general.
		For any biological classification system to be effective, it must be stable, universal (i.e., be used by a wide range of people), and it must enhance communication of knowledge by helping us to relate things (Stevens 2006a for references).
		Turning more specifically to phylogenetic classifications in general, and the particular example used here, Backlund and Bremer (1998) provide a useful discussion on the principles of phylogenetic classification that is applicable at all levels apart from species (see also Stevens 1998; Entwisle and Weston 2005; Pfeil and Crisp 2005, etc.).
	www.mobot.org /MOBOT/research/APweb/top/introductionnew.htm (11819 words)

	APG summary
		With many elements of the major branching sequence of phylogeny established, a revised suprafamilial classification of flowering plants becomes both feasible and desirable.
		Here we present a classification of 462 flowering plant families in 40 putatively monophyletic orders and a small number of monophyletic, informal higher groups.
		At the end of the system is an additional list of families of uncertain position for which no firm data exist regarding placement anywhere within the system.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/apg/APG.html (257 words)

	Federal Register September 8,1998
		The report cited Ambulatory Patient Groups (APGs), developed by 3M-Health Information Systems under a cooperative grant with HCFA, as the most promising classification system for grouping outpatient services and recommended that APG-like groups be used in designing a hospital outpatient PPS.
		The Secretary is required to develop a classification system for covered outpatient services which may consist of groups arranged so that the services within each group are comparable clinically and with respect to the use of resources.
		Section 1833(t)(9) prohibits administrative or judicial review of the PPS classification system, the groups, relative payment weights, adjustment factors, other adjustments, calculation of base amounts, periodic adjustments, and the establishment of a separate conversion factor for those cancer hospitals excluded from inpatient PPS.
	www.ihsinfo.com /fedregs/9809f.htm (3663 words)

	Angiosperm Trees (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		This is a revised and updated classification for the families of the flowering plants, including newly adopted orders by APG II (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II, 2002).
		new family placement; †newly recognized order for the APG* system; §new family circumscription described in the text.
		The list reflects a starting date for all flowering plant family names as 4 Aug. 1789 (Jussieu, Genera plantarum).
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /deeptime/apgII2002.html (100 words)

	Caryophyllales
		Previous circumscriptions based on morphological and embryological characters recognized up to nine families, and subsequent classifications that pioneered the use of chemical and anatomical characters included 12 families (e.g., Dahlgren 1975, 1980; Takhtajan 1980; Cronquist 1981; Thorne 1983, 1992a, 1992b).
		Caryophyllales sensu APG II (2003) comprise 29 families, including Caryophyllaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae (including Chenopodiaceae), Molluginaceae, Basellaceae, Cactaceae, Didiereaceae, a polyphyletic “Portulacaceae” and several small families, some of them of problematic placement, such as Frankeniaceae, Tamaricaceae, Asteropeiaceae, Rhabdodendraceae, Simmondsiaceae, Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae.
		Furthermore, the poly- and paraphyly of several important families of core Caryophyllales demonstrate that additional phylogenetic studies with increased taxon sampling are needed to resolve relationships and develop a truly phylogenetic classification.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Caryophyllales&contgroup=Core_Eudicots (1238 words)

	Core Eudicots
		Although this clade has not been recognized at the ordinal level by APG (hence the quotation marks), it is strongly supported by molecular data and is isolated from all other clades.
		The core of Caryophyllales sensu APG II (2003) was considered a closely related group of families as long ago as the mid-nineteenth century (e.g., Braun, 1864; Eichler, 1876) and was formally recognized as the Centrospermae by Harms (1934) based on morphological and embryological characters.
		The asterid clade is broader than the Asteridae of recent classifications (e.g., Cronquist, 1981; Takhtajan, 1980, 1997) and includes also members of the polyphyletic subclasses Hamamelidae, Dilleniidae, and Rosidae (Olmstead et al., 1992, 1993, 2000; Chase et al., 1993; D. Soltis et al., 1997, 2000; P. Soltis et al., 1999; Savolainen et al., 2000a, b).
	tolweb.org /Core_Eudicots (4169 words)

	Molecular data place Hydnoraceae with Aristolochiaceae -- Nickrent et al. 89 (11): 1809 -- American Journal of Botany
		Cronquist A. 1988 The evolution and classification of flowering plants.
		Takhtajan A. 1997 Diversity and classification of flowering plants.
		Thorne R. 1992 An updated phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/89/11/1809 (4554 words)

	[No title]
		All registered images with 14 feet resolution were stitched together to cover the whole APG area.
		- Image classification Training: Six training classes were able to be identified in the APG area, which include forest, grassland, bare earth/low vegetated area, marsh, water/saturated soil, and paved roads/ buildings.
		Supervised classification: A supervised classification was used to generate a land cover map from the CIR photo image.
	web.ead.anl.gov /jfield/gis/arc_dict/napplulc.cfm (631 words)

	NCBI Taxonomy Homepage
		A classification of the marine phytoplankton of the world from class to genus.
		Boropjevic, R., Boury-Esnault, N. and Vacelet, J. A revision of the supraspecific classification of the subclass Calcinea (Porifera, class Calcarea).
		Sprague, V. Classification and phylogeny of the Microsporidia.
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /Taxonomy/taxonomyhome.html/index.cgi?chapter=resources (801 words)

	The Families of Flowering Plants: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval.
		Very extensive data are also included on other features, including seedling germination type, embryology, anther ontogeny, pollen cytology and morphology, stigma type, sieve-tube plastids, leaf, stem, nodal and wood anatomy, and phytochemistry (phenolics, alkaloids, cyanogenesis, etc.).
		DNA sequencing studies from 1993 onwards are providing important new phylogenetic and classificatory insights, but it is not yet practicable to present a revised overall classification in the light of the mainly piecemeal and sometimes contradictory results from these and other cladistic analyses.
		In many cases the need for reassignments is indicated, however, and sometimes these have been made within the framework of the Dahlgen and Dahlgren et al.
	www.nbii.gov /metadata/mdata/htmlfiles/tax_d_flowerfamily.html (1625 words)

	Pineywoods Vascular Plant Gallery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		However, the division of the major groups of flowering plants into Nymphaeids, Magnoliids, Monocotyledons, and Eudicotyledons in the gallery is according to the more current Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) classification (APG 1998, 2003).
		Future versions of the gallery will provide a database listing the correct family name according to the APG classification along with the traditional family.
		Currently one may browse by botanical family names within each of the major groups of plants.
	www.fp.sfasu.edu /jamesvankley (354 words)

	Flowering Plant Gateway - APG Entry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The 'Angiosperm Phylogeny Group' system of flowering plant classification (APG, 1998.
		The three most inclusive groups are here placed, for comparative purposes, as classes (see discussion).
		Internet information for a given family can be obtained by browsing its 'group' page (listed above) or, by using the family finder, which provides alphabetical selection of the family name and direct placement on the appropriate Subclass page of the Cronquist classification system.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/library/tamu/apg1ang.htm (97 words)

	Phylogeny and Evolution of Angiosperms - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
		The big picture of angiosperm phylogeny emerged suddenly as a direct result of collaborative molecular analyses, and longstanding views of deep-level relationships required revision.
		Many major clades of angiosperms did not correspond to the classes, subclasses, and orders of modern classifications.
		His main research interests are phylogenetics and classification of the angiosperms, particularly orchids.
	www.sinauer.com /detail.php?id=8176 (603 words)

	ambulatory classes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Patients in each APG also have similar clinical characteristics.
		For example, patients with a DandC or a simple hemorrhoid procedure are quite similar in terms of most measures of resource use.
		There are 145 mutually exclusive significant procedure APGs.
	www.managedcareinfo.com /ambulatory_classes.htm (9375 words)

	Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Data and Publications: Seed Information Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Note that, though substantially complete, the APG Classification is 'work in progress', with an update planned.
		The classification that we have adopted has been chosen to provide clarity and maximal information content, whilst remaining fully compatible with the major classification systems.
		Broadly speaking, the approach classifies plants according to the positions of their perennating buds (hence the level of protection that buds are given), during seasons that are unfavourable for growth.
	www.rbgkew.org.uk /data/sid/index.html (4337 words)

	The Role of Phylogenetics in Comparative Genetics -- Soltis and Soltis 132 (4): 1790 -- PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
		Graham SW, Olmstead RG (2000) Utility of 17 chloroplast genes for inferring the phylogeny of the basal angiosperms.
		Olmstead RG, Sweere JA, Spangler RE, Bohs L, Palmer J (1999) Phylogeny and provisional classification of the Solanaceae based on chloroplast DNA.
		Petersen G, Seberg O (2003) Phylogenetic analyses of the diploid species of Hordeum (Poaceae) and a revised classification of the genus.
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/132/4/1790 (5397 words)

	First Nuclear DNA C-values for 28 Angiosperm Genera -- HANSON et al. 91 (1): 31 -- Annals of Botany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		(APG II, 2003), 25 of the species are from families (Table 2)
		changed: in the classification of the APG (1998) the family
		An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants.
	aob.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/91/1/31 (3429 words)

	Advising NotesMontgomery College (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		This course is designed to enhance the student's ability in Ambulatory care classification and coding.
		Students will develop skills in the application of CPT coding, ICD-9-CM coding, and APG classification.
		Demonstrate skill in the use of supplementary classification of diseases and injuries by recognizing when it is appropriate to use V codes and E codes and assigning them.
	www.montgomerycollege.edu /Departments/advisetp/HI221.htm (182 words)

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