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Topic: ASEAN 3

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Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ASEAN itself was established on August 8, 1967, when foreign ministers of five countries—Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand met at the Thai Department of Foreign Affairs building in Bangkok and signed the ASEAN Declaration (also known as the Bangkok Declaration). The Foreign Ministers of ASEAN member states determined that invitation to the inaugural East Asian Summit, the first of which is to be held in late 2005 and hosted by Malaysia, was to be restricted to signatories of the TAC. ASEAN was originally formed out of an organization called Maphilindo, essentially an alliance consisting of the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia in the early 1960s. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/ASEAN

The EU's relations with ASEAN - Overview In 2003, the EU was ASEAN’s second largest export market and the third largest trading partner after the United States and Japan. EU exports to ASEAN were estimated at 39 billion €, while EU imports from ASEAN were valued at 66 billion € ASEAN was established on August 8, 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand with the signature of the Bangkok declaration by the five original member nations (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand). europa.eu.int /comm/external_relations/asean/intro

Overview The ASEAN region has a population of about 500 million, a total area of 4.5 million square kilometers, a combined gross domestic product of US$737 billion, and a total trade of US$ 720 billion. The ASEAN Security Community is envisaged to bring ASEAN’s political and security cooperation to a higher plane to ensure that countries in the region live at peace with one another and with the world at large in a just, democratic and harmonious environment. In 1992, the ASEAN Heads of State and Government declared that ASEAN should intensify its external dialogues in political and security matters as a means of building cooperative ties with states in the Asia-Pacific region. www.aseansec.org /64.htm

ASEAN: From Constructive Engagement to Flexible Intervention ASEAN has to accept the dawning reality that with the entry of new members, which include some of the poorest countries in the world and which are distinguished by their political and social underdevelopment, new problems will emerge. ASEAN's reputation for success was based on the high rates of economic growth of individual members and for the leading diplomatic role ASEAN undertook to oppose the Soviet-backed Vietnamese intervention in Cambodia. ASEAN was founded in 1967 to promote economic, social and cultural cooperation among its five members, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. www.pol.adfa.edu.au /resources/asean.html

Vietnam - ASEAN ASEAN's position on Cambodia was important to Hanoi, because it was through ASEAN's efforts at the UN that the world's attention continued to focus on Cambodia in the late 1980s. Vietnamese diplomats sought to convince the ASEAN countries that the invasion of Cambodia was intended to eliminate the threat posed by Pol Pot's alignment with China. ASEAN's charter declares that membership is open to all states in the region--a gesture toward Vietnam that Hanoi repeatedly rebuffed. countrystudies.us /vietnam/63.htm

Asia Times - ASEAN on Myanmar: Creative damage control ASEAN's acceptance of Myanmar was predicated on preventing its strategic isolation and in the power of economics to act as the "unseen hand" to ameliorate the country's economic and political conditions. ASEAN's expansion in the 1990s was thus a calculated move to co-opt all the 10 countries of Southeast Asia - regardless of their domestic politics - into this mutual benefits society cum neighborhood watch group. Moreover, because ASEAN is primarily an IGO, ordinary people in the member countries have yet to feel an affective sense of identification with it. www.atimes.com /atimes/Southeast_Asia/EF27Ae04.html

COMMEMORATIVE ARTICLE FOR THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF ASEAN Economically, ASEAN has established an ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) which aims to bring most of its measures in full operation by the year 2003. ASEAN was established with three objectives in mind:- to promote the economic, social and culture development of the region through cooperative programmes: to safeguard the political and economic stability of the region against big power rivalry; and to serve as a forum for the resolution of intra-regional differences. The ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) has contributed to maintaining peace, security and prosperity in the Asia pacific region, ARF is the only forum of its kind in the Asia-Pacific region which bring those countries involved in the future political direction of the region together to discuss political and security issues of common interest and concern. www.brunet.bn /gov/post/30asean.htm

ASEAN MEMBERS AGREE TO DEEPEN INTEGRATION Korea is the fifth largest trading partner of ASEAN, with trade reaching $35.2 billion last year. ASEAN Secretary-General Ong Keng Yong said the programme "allows ASEAN products to be exported to China at a very concessionary rate so that ASEAN countries can actually get benefits of a free trade arrangement even before the agreement is finalised". Noting that not all ASEAN countries would be able to meet the recommended deadlines, they agreed that implementation should be flexible, allowing countries that are ready to proceed to do so. www.ictsd.org /weekly/03-10-15/story4.htm

Asean Summit Issues that divide Asean members were clear in Hanoi, even as its leaders ended their summit with a fresh commitment to long-term plans for regional economic liberalization and integration and a pledge to adopt what they termed "bold measures" to attract fresh trade and investment. Even among longtime Asean members, strains are showing from changes in political attitudes and style, as a younger generation of Asean leaders and senior officials rubs up against their veteran counterparts, some of whom have been in power for years. When the group, formally known as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), was formed in 1967, it was seen as a way of managing disputes among the normally quarrelsome neighbors and providing a pro-Western counterweight to the perceived expansionist tendencies of the communist regimes in Indochina. www.wright.edu /~tdung/asean_summit.htm

ASEAN ASEAN and APEC member-countries and their partners reveal their interest in further strengthening of Russian role in the Asian Pacific Region affairs, since they view it as a factor providing balance and stability. ASEAN supreme body is the meetings of state and government leaders. The ASEAN countries and their partners pay special attention to developments in biotechnology, telecommunications, new materials, utilization of Russian aircraft and space technology as well as others. www.asean-russia.ru /eng/goals.shtml

Asia Times - Myanmar: ASEAN's thorn in the flesh ASEAN's policy on Myanmar was first derived from the policy of "constructive engagement" initiated in 1991 by the Thai government of prime minister Anand Panyarachun. ASEAN made the decision to expand in the hope that size would eventually equal strength. Popularly known as CAFTA, or ASEAN Plus 1, the arrangement originated from the suggestion of then Chinese premier Zhu Rongji in November 2001 to transform the area occupying China and Southeast Asia into a complete free-trade area. www.atimes.com /atimes/Southeast_Asia/EG25Ae01.html

Asean To join Asean, Cambodia was required to meet a schedule for reducing customs tariffs from rates of up to 30 percent to zero to five percent, and reduce tariffs on foreign goods to comply with a timetable for the Asean Free Trade Area. The Lao foreign minister announced his nation’s desire to join Asean on the group’s 30th anniversary, two years later during a ministerial meeting in Kuala Lumpur. Asean’s Founding Fathers—heads of state from Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Singapore—penned the Asean Declaration in hopes of promoting free-market principles and cooperation in the region, as well as combating the perceived communist threat. www.camnet.com.kh /cambodia.daily/asean/15.htm

Challenge To Asean On Human Rights (Human Rights Watch, 24-7-1998) Meanwhile, the Friends of Cambodia_ composed of donor countries, ASEAN nations, China, and others _ should make it clear in any statement issued in Manila that they will withhold government-to-government aid and a decision on Cambodia& seat at the UN General Assembly until a legitimate elected government is installed. Philippines Foreign Minister Domingo Saizon said ASEAN's policy of non-intervention will be on the agenda. ASEAN should also insist on action by the Cambodian government to investigate and prosecute extra-judicial killings documented by the UN, as the ASEAN troika urged in its June 20th statement in Bangkok. www.hrw.org /press98/july/asean1.htm

ngw79_e.doc ASEAN is of the view that for S&D to be meaningful, it should extend beyond longer timeframes for implementation and lesser reduction commitments. ASEAN is especially concerned that the highest frequencies of tariff levels as well as non-tariff barriers including SPS measures which continue to proliferate cover a wide range of products of interest to developing countries. Finally, ASEAN believes that the GSP principles embodied in the Enabling Clause should be elaborated and maintained in the framework of the Agreement so as to ensure that this principle is enhanced and not eroded with the process of liberalization. www.wto.org /spanish/tratop_s/agric_s/ngw79_e.doc

TCS: Tech Central Station - Nature's Test for New ASEAN Leadership ASEAN regional integration consequently slowed down and it took a good six to seven years before a turn-around could be seen, peaking with the ASEAN summit in Vientiane, Laos three months ago, which launched a number of free trade agreements between ASEAN and its key trading partners. In other words, of the original ASEAN Six, half their leaders are new to the job as heads of government, which is not a small proportion. The new leaders of ASEAN will be laying its foundation well if they are able to respond to this monumental test cohesively, decisively and as fellow human beings. www.techcentralstation.com /012105E2.html

ANWAR IBRAHIM: THE ASEAN INSTITUTE DINNER In the context of Asean being a market of 320 million people with a combined annual output of more than RM 330 billion, clearly Asean businessmen have their sights focused elsewhere. THE ASEAN INSTITUTE DINNER KUALA LUMPUR 23 NOVEMBER 1992 I have no doubt the Asean region will remain the magnet for future investments and that countries within the group will be able to sustain a high level of economic growth for the foreseeable decades. ikdasar.tripod.com /anwar/92-12.htm

Business Asia: ASEAN mulls policy switch He said ASEAN was at a stage where forcing a majority decision on a minority "could easily strain the fabric of the association". Mr Severino reminded commentators that ASEAN "is not and was not meant to be a supra-national entity acting independently of its members". He said one of ASEAN's first responses to the crisis was to reaffirm the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement's (AFTA) current timetable. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0BJT/is_21_6/ai_55143546

Facts about ASEAN Japan's trade with ASEAN (import+export) was 13,860.8 billion yen in 2003, representing approx. In fiscal 2003, Japan made the direct investment of 263.1 billion yen in ASEAN, representing approx. ASEAN's nominal GDP accounts for 1.9% of the world's nominal GDP and 15.9% of that of Japan. www.asean.or.jp /eng/general/base/glance2004.html

CNN.com - Japan pushes own ASEAN trade plan - Nov. 5, 2002 The ASEAN group, made up of Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam, is holding its annual summit in the Cambodian capital. ASEAN "is too small and fragmented to compete on a block-for-block basis with China." But for Tokyo, burdened with a stagnant economy and virulent opposition from one of the most strongly protectionist farm lobbies in the world, a comprehensive trade agreement with ASEAN will be easier said than done. archives.cnn.com /2002/BUSINESS/asia/11/05/china.japanfta.biz

ASEAN ASEAN Heads of Government comprise of presidents or prime ministers of the member countries and is held once every three years. ASEAN's effort in cooperation on environment led to establishment of institutional structure as well as various declarations and plans of action for environmental cooperation. ASEAN was established in 1967 by ASEAN Declaration. www.unescap.org /drpad/vc/orientation/M3anx_asean_int.htm

NEWS FROM THE REGIONS: ASEAN-US Two-way trade between the US and ASEAN has tripled over the past decade to about $US120bn, with the US running a $US32bn trade deficit with the region, he said. Aside from financial services, ASEAN's economic integration is proceeding on a number of different fronts, including trade in goods, which is on the agenda for an upcoming meeting of ASEAN economic ministers on 11-12 June in Laos. ASEAN comprises Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. www.ictsd.org /weekly/02-04-09/story3.htm

Business America: Spotlight is on the ASEAN countries as Tenth ASEAN-U.S. dialogue begins - includes related article The United States exported to ASEAN $19 billion worth of goods last year, up by $3 billion from 1989. ASEAN continues to be a major supplier of key raw materials--rubber, tin, metals, and petroleum--to the industrialized countries. ASEAN government policies have led to greater diversification of their economies, significantly altering the composition of production and trade. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1052/is_n12_v112/ai_10935011

CSIS › ASEAN ISIS The ASEAN Institutes of Strategic and International Studies (ASEAN ISIS) is a loose association of institutes in the region that aim at strengthening regional cooperation through joint studies and seminars. CSIS is a founding institute of the ASEAN Institutes of Strategic and International Studies (ASEAN ISIS) and acts as its secretariat. It was established in 1984 after CSIS invited a number of institutions from the ASEAN region to a meeting in Bali. www.csis.or.id /regpart_view.asp?id=2&tab=0

ASEAN Foundation The ASEAN Leaders restated this in ASEAN Vision 2020; "We envision the entire Southeast Asia to be, by 2020, an ASEAN community conscious of its history, aware of its cultural heritage and bound by a common regional identity." On 15 December 1997 in Kuala Lumpur, the ASEAN Foreign Ministers signed the Memorandum of Understanding that established the ASEAN Foundation to boost the Association's effort to promote Functional Cooperation in the region. The activities of ASEAN Foundation focus on human skills and knowledge, in order to meet the demands for industries and economies of the future. www.aseanfoundation.org

The Hindu : Front Page : India's role in a changing ASEAN The two most politically significant changes ASEAN has experienced over the last few years are (a) the arrival of a problematical security agenda and set of political concerns that came with 9/11, and (b) the growing weight of China and all it stands for in the ASEAN scheme of things. If ASEAN and the partnerships and interactions it has developed with conspicuous success are all about ways and means to accelerate economic development, some political subtexts have come on the agenda in recent years. For ASEAN and the three taken together, two-way trade was close to $196 billion in 2004. www.hindu.com /2004/11/30/stories/2004113006440900.htm

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) ASEAN took the first steps toward an ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) in 1993, when it agreed to eliminate most tariffs on manufactured goods between members over the following decade. In 1994, ASEAN took the lead in establishing the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), which now has 23 members and meets each year at the ministerial level just before the PMC. The ASEAN Declaration in 1976, considered ASEAN's foundation document, formalized the principles of peace and cooperation to which ASEAN is dedicated. www.state.gov /p/eap/regional/asean

Regional Trading Arrangements Among Developing Countries: The ASEAN Example The ASEAN countries--Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand--have achieved robust economic performance during the past 25 years (because Brunei is a small country with poor records of its economic performance, the report focuses on the other five countries). With the exception of Singapore, the ASEAN countries are mainly low- and middle-income developing countries whose economies share many similarities related to their geographic location as well as common aspects of their culture, history, and economic and social development. ASEAN was founded in 1967, primarily out of concern for political security in Southeast Asia, but over time ASEAN's economic arrangements have arguably become more important than its original political goals. www.ifpri.org /pubs/abstract/abstr103.htm

CNN - ASEAN to West: Stay out of our affairs - July 24, 1997 Aside from Cambodia, the ASEAN ministers are expected to discuss a wide range of issues including a proposed ASEAN vision for the next 30 years, a plan to create a regional free trade zone and an informal ASEAN summit in December. Opening the 30th anniversary meeting of foreign ministers of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), he also: Accused "rogue speculators" of orchestrating "a well-planned effort to undermine the economies of all the ASEAN countries by destabilizing their currencies." Mahathir did not identify the "speculators" by name in Thursday's speech, but earlier this week Mahathir was quoted as telling Malaysian reporters that a "certain powerful American financier" was behind the speculative attacks. www.cnn.com /WORLD/9707/24/asean

Asean Focus Group - Asian Analysis Asean Focus Group (www.aseanfocus.com) is one of the Asia Pacific region's leading corporate advisory firms specialising in MandA, regional representation and direct investments. Asian Analysis is brought to you by Asean Focus Group in cooperation with the Faculty of Asian Studies at The Australian National University. Furthermore no commercial decisions should be made on the basis of the opinions expressed in Asian Analysis without receiving expert commercial advice from specialist advisers such as the Asean Focus Group. www.aseanfocus.com /asiananalysis/article.cfm?articleID=252

BBC NEWS World Asia-Pacific Asean leaders agree trade plan Asean's leaders also discussed setting up a security community alongside the economic one, though without any formal military alliance. These issues were due to be discussed further on Wednesday, when Asean members meet delegates from China, Japan, South Korea and India before the summit's official close later in the day. But in the new Bali Concord, Asean once again reaffirmed its commitment to "the fundamental importance of adhering to the principle of non-interference". news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/asia-pacific/3167120.stm

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