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Topic: ASEAN Free Trade Area

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	ASEAN Free Trade Area - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) is an agreement by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, of local manufacturing in all ASEAN countries.
		The proposal to set up a Free Trade Area in Asean was first mooted by the Thai Prime Minister Anand Panyarachun and the Thai proposal was agreed upon with amendments during the ASEAN Seniors Economic Official Meeting (AEM) in Kuala Lumpur.
		The disparity of economic development in the Asean countries and difference in political systems, for example, the Philippines follows a democratic system while Vietnam is a communist country, would initially suggest that the region is not exactly an ideal region for economic and political integration.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/ASEAN_Free_Trade_Area (627 words)

	Asian/Pacific Trade Agreements
		AFTA is a part of the larger ASEAN trade agreement, and works to lower tariff barriers between member countries.
		The ASEAN free trade area (AFTA)is to be phased in over the next 15 years, and aims to increase trade among ASEAN members; it may also lead to free trade arrangements with other countries.
		Established in 1985, SAARC is a trade agreement among southern asian states to accelerate the process of economic and social development in member states, through joint action in the agreed areas of cooperation between the 7 member states.
	www.american.edu /TED/hpages/trade/asia2.htm (356 words)

	Asean News Network: ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) is an agreement by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, of local manufacturing in all ASEAN countries (Ywin, 2003).
		AFTA was established with the aim of eliminating intra-regional tariffs, attracting direct foreign investment and improving the efficiency and competitiveness riff reductions within ASEAN, while leaving members free to set their own tariff levels against non-members.
		On November 29th, at the ASEAN summit in Laos, the Free Trade Zone timeline was accelerated.
	www.aseannewsnetwork.com /2005/05/asean-free-trade-area-afta.html (653 words)

	Myanmar Chronicle Online Magazine: General Knowledge about ASEAN Free Trade Area(AFTA)(2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		AFTA is a regional grouping of ASEAN zoned to eventually establish across member economies common investment and trade regulations.
		AFTA's ultimate objective has been to strengthen economic interaction between interaction between institutions and individuals in member countries in general and sustain improvements in their competitive advantage more specifically.
		Under the CEPT mechanism, the AFTA 6, is expected to experience a fall in tariffs to 0-5 percent by the 2003, Vietnam by 2006, and Laos and Myanmar by 2008.
	www.mchronicle.com.mm /pages/v2n12/afta(2).shtml (2357 words)

	ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA)
		The AFTA Reader Volume 5 was prepared by the ASEAN Secretariat, and provides a very detailed overview of the ASEAN Free Trade Area, with complete texts of agreements.
		ASEAN has taken a number of steps to modernize and streamline customs administration within the region, including through the regionwide adoption of the WTO valuation system; the harmonization of customs procedures; and the adoption of common interpretation of the Harmonized Code.
		ASEAN is however at the final stages of developing the ASEAN Harmonised Tariff Nomenclature (AHTN), which is targeted for implementation in 2002.
	www.us-asean.org /afta.asp (2585 words)

	Myanmar Chronicle Online Magazine: General Knowledge about ASEAN Free Trade Area(AFTA) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		ASEAN's formation in 1967 had its priority in the prevention of the infiltration of the Communists in the region.
		A preferential trading arrangement exists when a group of countries reduces or eliminates trade barriers such as tariffs that were previously imposed on the member countries.
		The crucial factor of AFTA is to trade freely through reducing tariff barriers.
	www.mchronicle.com.mm /pages/v2n11/afta.shtml (1101 words)

	Association of Southeast Asian Nations
		The ASEAN nations came together with three main objectives in mind: to promote the economic, social and cultural development of the region through cooperative programmes; to safeguard the political and economic stability of the region against big power rivalry; and to serve as a forum for the resolution of intra-regional differences.
		The ASEAN Secretariat was established by an Agreement signed by the ASEAN Foreign Ministers during the 1976 Bali Summit to enhance coordination and implementation of policies, projects and activities of the various ASEAN bodies.
		With ASEAN expected to become a net oil importing region by the turn of the century, ASEAN's collective action is in the furtherance of ensuring greater security and sustainability of energy supply through diversification, development and conservation of resources, the efficient use of energy and wide application of environmentally sound technologies.
	www.itcilo.it /english/actrav/telearn/global/ilo/blokit/asean.htm (5721 words)

	AFTA
		At the 4th ASEAN Summit in Singapore, the ASEAN heads of government formally agreed to establish an ASEAN Free Trade Area and sign the Singapore Declaration and the Framework Agreement on Enhancing ASEAN Economic Cooperation.
		ASEAN will truly be a free trade area once obstacles to trade are removed and taxes or tariffs on goods traded among member countries are reduced to zero to five percent.
		AFTA involved other areas of cooperation, including the harmonization of standards, the reciprocal recognition of tests and certification, the removal of barriers to foreign investments, macroeconomic consultations, rules for fair competition, and the promotion of venture capital.
	www.itcilo.it /actrav/actrav-english/telearn/global/ilo/blokit/afta.htm (938 words)

	China-ASEAN Free Trade Area and Implications for Hong Kong as a Trade Hub (tdctrade.com) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Hong Kong's trade with ASEAN and the Chinese mainland, respectively, increased year-on-year by 16.3% and 17.2% in the eight months ending March 2006 with the corresponding re-exports trade rising 9.6% -- faster pace than what was evident in the preceding eight months.
		Removal of trade barriers between members of an FTA is akin to market enlargement, with firms of the FTA member countries presented with opportunities to sell into a larger and more integrated market on a greater scale of operations.
		China and ASEAN contemplated the creation of a free trade area in the early 2000s, taking into account closer economic ties as reflected in part by the change in the trade mix, which had undergone considerable changes in the preceding decade, and the growing interests of East Asian countries in pursuing FTAs.
	www.tdctrade.com /econforum/tdc/tdc060602.htm (3048 words)

	ASEAN Gearing Up For AFTA 11-10-99
		Under that agreement, the six founding ASEAN members (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) will from 1 January reduce import tariffs on about 85 percent of agricultural and manufacturing goods to five percent and implement a free trade area by 2002.
		ASEAN comprises Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, Laos, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia and Myanmar.
		Also at the meeting, ASEAN ministers announced that the grouping might establish a free trade area with New Zealand and Australia by 2010.
	www.ictsd.org /html/weekly/story6.11-10-99.htm (331 words)

	Asia Times
		He said the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, proposed by Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji last year and signed by Beijing and ASEAN at their leaders' meeting here on Monday, was but a "practical" move to ensure that East Asia keeps up with other regions' pace of integration.
		China and the six original ASEAN states - Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand - are to be in the free-trade area by 2010.
		Foreign direct investments in ASEAN in 2000 were at $10 billion, a 37 percent decline from $16 billion in 1999.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Southeast_Asia/DK06Ae02.html (999 words)

	Open Regionalism and Deeper Integration: The Implementation of ASEAN Investment Area (AIA) and ASEAN Free Trade Area ...
		Moreover, it has been said that the specific nature and culture of "the ASEAN way or ASEAN Style" in regionalisation is based on the indigenous political culture of the region, which it is claimed to have served ASEAN well.
		Moreover, as ASEAN has played an important role in APEC, APEC has also been influenced by "the ASEAN Way" in its implementation of the Asia-Pacific Free Trade Area by setting up the scheme without legal-binding pattern but based on concerted unilateral liberalization and a "Gentlemen's Agreement".
		As ASEAN has no supranational institution, the highest decision-making body is the Heads of Government Meeting that provides policy, guidelines, supervision and decision leading to the ASEAN's direction.
	members.tripod.com /asialaw/articles/lawanasean.html (577 words)

	NEWS FROM THE REGIONS: ASEAN FREE TRADE AREA FACES DELAY
		Trade officials from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) met from 4-5 April to continue work on implementation of an ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA).
		In 1998, ASEAN agreed to move forward with a free trade area by 2003- 2008.
		Under that agreement, the six founding ASEAN members (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand) agreed from 1 January 2000 to reduce import tariffs on about 85 percent of agricultural and manufacturing goods to five percent and implement a free trade area by 2002.
	www.ictsd.org /html/weekly/story5.11-04-00.htm (465 words)

	The Hindu : PM for ASEAN-India free trade area
		China and the ASEAN inked on Monday a framework agreement for a free trade zone that could, if it materialises, down-size all other multilateral entities of this kind in about 10 years.
		While India and the ASEAN evinced considerable interest in cooperating with each other in the ongoing global campaign against international terrorism, the defining parameter of the emerging new equation between the two sides at the highest political level was the joint move to firm up economic linkages.
		Gaining the attention of the ASEAN was the Prime Minister, Atal Behari Vajpayee's suggestion that this exercise be enlarged to explore avenues to the creation of an ASEAN-India free trade area in about a decade.
	www.hinduonnet.com /2002/11/06/stories/2002110604420100.htm (627 words)

	CNN.com - 'World's largest' free trade zone agreed - November 6, 2001
		ASEAN is made up of Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.
		It is estimated ASEAN exports to China would increase by 14 percent under an ASEAN free trade area, called AFTA, and Chinese exports to ASEAN would jump by 55%, pushing ASEAN's GDP up 0.9 percent and China's up 0.3 percent.
		ASEAN leaders said they expect a short-term negative impact because of the free trade zone and will want special and differential treatment for ASEAN to smooth the transition to an open marketplace.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/11/06/asean.freetrade (407 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - ASEAN holds talks with China to speed up free-trade plan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		It is the Second Consultation between China and the ASEAN Economic Ministers (AEM), the first one being held in Brunei in September 2002.
		Meanwhile, the progress made in other areas of economic cooperation also pleased the ministers, specifically in the areas as agriculture; information and communication technology; human resource development; investment; and the Mekong River basin development.
		The ministers, encouraged by the rapid growth of trade and investment flows between ASEAN and China, reaffirmed their determination to advance economic cooperation especially in the area of trade and investment.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/news/nts34058.htm (315 words)

	bilaterals.org \| China-ASEAN
		As China and ASEAN are stepping up the construction of a free trade area (FTA) between them, the value of imports and exports of this zone will hopefully exceed that of the NAFTA (North America Free Trade Agreement) by 2010 and its GDP will likely be higher than that in the European Union market.
		Trade liberalization and a push toward enhancing trade and economic cooperation between the 10-nation Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and China are high on the agenda of the new administration of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.
		The trade of agricultural produce between China and her ASEAN neighbours has benefitted from an early-harvest programme that was put in place earlier this year.
	www.bilaterals.org /rubrique.php3?id_rubrique=95 (1754 words)

	Asean (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Asean experts predict that the trade area would increase Asean exports to China by 48 percent and Chinese exports to Asean by 55 percent.
		Political tensions among Asean nations such as Thailand and Burma have diminished recently, but there are still worries that Asean may not be cohesive enough to present a united face to the world.
		Dissenters to the globalization trend say that less-developed countries such as Cambodia may be hardest hit by increased free trade, with little of their own industry with which to compete.
	www.camnet.com.kh /cambodia.daily/asean/12.htm (2008 words)

	Alyssa Greenwald, The ASEAN-CHINA Free Trade Area (ACFTA): A Legal Response To China's Economic Rise?, 16 Duke J. of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Because the ASEAN members were not able to reach consensus with respect to the dispute, ASEAN as an organization was weakened in negotiations with China.
		However, because the four newer ASEAN members were not required to fully implement the intra-ASEAN free trade area in the same timeframe as the elder members, it is too early to judge whether these less-developed nations will be able to maintain their commitment to free trade.
		The free trade debate, however, is typically confined to its economic and geopolitical underpinnings.
	www.law.duke.edu /journals/djcil/articles/djcil16p193.htm (8330 words)

	China
		We declare that the purpose of the establishment of "a strategic partnership for peace and prosperity" is to foster good-neighborliness and friendship and strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation by deepening and expanding China-ASEAN cooperative relations in a comprehensive manner in the 21st century, thereby making greater contributions to long-term peace, development and cooperation in the region.
		Since the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area is an important pillar for economic and trade cooperation between the two sides, efforts should be made to ensure its smooth establishment before 2010 and assist new ASEAN members (Vietnam, Laos, Burma and Cambodia) to effectively participate in and benefit from the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area.
		China supports ASEAN's role as the primary driving force of ARF and its commitment to move the overlapping stages of ARF at a pace comfortable to all.
	www.nti.org /db/china/engdocs/prc_asean_1003.htm (1619 words)

	Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		ASEAN was formed on August 8, 1967 by the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore, as a display of solidarity against Communist expansion in Vietnam and insurgency within their own borders.
		ASEAN was originally formed out of an organization called the Association of Southeast Asia (ASA), an alliance consisting of the Philippines, Malaysia, and Thailand that formed in 1961.
		ASEAN itself was established on August 8, 1967, when foreign ministers of five countries—Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand met at the Thai Department of Foreign Affairs building in Bangkok and signed the ASEAN Declaration (also known as the Bangkok Declaration).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/ASEAN (1178 words)

	World Business News : China-ASEAN Free Trade Area (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Under the agreement, the free trade zone would be completed by 2010, and the four new ASEAN members -- Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar and Vietnam -- have been allowed an additional transitional period of five years and are slated to complete the building of the free trade area in 2015.
		The China-ASEAN free trade area, which will comprise China, Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam, is expected to be one of the biggest free trade areas in the world.
		Since 2003, China and ASEAN have held consultations on agreements concerning the building of the free trade area.
	www.keralanext.com /news/index.asp?id=888780 (323 words)

	The ASEAN Free Trade Area: Moving Ahead on Regional Integration. \| Finance from AllBusiness.com
		The first myth is that the financial crisis would lead to the crippling, even the death, of AFTA and the consequent evisceration, and even the break-up, of ASEAN.
		The ASEAN commitment to AFTA and to regional economic integration was exactly what ASEAN's leaders re-affirmed at the height of the crisis.
		At their summit in December 1997, they issued the ASEAN Vision 2020 statement, in which they committed themselves "to moving towards closer cohesion and economic integration" and resolved to "advance economic integration and co-operation" by, among other measures, "fully implement(ing) the ASEAN Free Trade Area and accelerat(ing) the liberalization of trade in services".
	www.allbusiness.com /finance/810519-1.html (649 words)

	ASEAN--China free trade area advantages, challenges, and implications for the newer ASEAN member countries. \| Finance ...
		ASEAN--China free trade area advantages, challenges, and implications for the newer ASEAN member countries.
		In this context, the leaders of ASEAN and China decided in Singapore during November 2000 to explore measures to widen and deepen the process of mutual economic co-operation and integration.
		The nature and justification for special and differential (SandD) treatment and flexibility for the low-income and least developed countries of ASEAN are dealt with in Section V, with special reference to the non-WTO members within the ASEAN-4, in the context of the proposed ASEAN-China FTA.
	www.allbusiness.com /finance/530125-1.html (802 words)

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