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Topic: Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture

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	Qiang - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Nowadays, the Qiang are only a small segment of the population, but they are commonly believed to be an old, once strong and populous people whose history can be traced to the Shang Dynasty and whose offspring include the Tibetans and many minorities in southwestern China.
		There are some 198,000 Qiang today in western Sichuan, predominantly in the five counties of Maoxian, Wenchuan, Lixian, Beichuan and Heishui, of the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture.
		The majority of the Qiang adhere to a polytheist religion, known as Rujiao, a religion that involves belief in the White Stones that were worshipped as the sun god, who will bring good luck to their daily aspects of life.
	en.wikipedia.christams-ornament.com /wiki/Qiang (2487 words)

	Ethnological intro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The speakers of the Qiang language live in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, on the eastern edge of the Tibetan plateau in the northwest part of Sichuan Province, China (roughly 103 to 104 degrees longitude east and 31 to 32 degrees north).
		Qiang men often carry a lighter (traditionally it would be flint and steel) and knives on a belt around their waist.
		When the Qiang drink barley wine or tea, or eat meals, an elderly person who is present has to perform the ritual of honoring the god of the fireplace, that is by dipping his finger or the drinking straw into the barley wine and splashing the wine into the fireplace.
	victoria.linguistlist.org /~lapolla/qiang/ethnointro.html (4896 words)

	Buddhist Channel \| Travel \| Impressions of Tibetan life in U-Tsang
		Tibetan Buddhism is the dominant religion, but Protestantism, Catholicism, Islam and other regional religions such as the Dongba of the Naxi people and Bimo of the Yi people are also practiced.
		Dege in Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is the birthplace of Tibetan hero King Gesar and, together with Lhasa and Gansu's Labrang, is one of the three Tibetan cultural centers in China.
		The Tibetan inhabited area of Sichuan Province is the northern route of the ancient Tea-Horse Trail.
	www.buddhistchannel.tv /index.php?id=18,336,0,0,1,0 (1403 words)

	Part 1 Yak production in six provinces (regions) in China by Han Jianlin[5] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Tibetans describe yak as Nuo, meaning treasure and refer to it as "the treasure of the plateau" or "the boat of the plateau" due to its ability to use the highland pastures more efficiently than other livestock and by providing the most to the livelihood of the people living in the area (Yang Xuqing, 2002).
		The increase in the yak population was thus partly at the expense of sheep and goats.
		The autonomous region is bordered by Mongolia to the northeast, Russia to the north, and Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan and parts of Jammu and Kashmir on western sides, Tibet to the southeast and Qinghai and Gansu provinces to the east.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/006/AD347E/ad347e0n.htm (6901 words)

	Qiang Minority - Chinese Nationalities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Qiang ethnic group is one of the oldest tribes in China.
		The Qiang ethnic group mostly inhabits hilly to mountainous areas of the Maowen County in the Aba Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in western Sichuan Province.
		They have a population of 198,300; a small number lives with the Tibetan, Han and Hui ethnic groups in the Wenchan, Li, Songpan, Heishui counties and Danba area in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.
	www.paulnoll.com /China/Minorities/min-Qiang.html (256 words)

	Menu Page Data
		Later, between AD 600 and AD 900 the Qiang who moved to the East were assimilated by the Han Chinese, and those who moved to the West were assimilated by the Tibetans.
		In January 1953, the Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was founded (renamed the Aba Tibetan-Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in 1987).
		In July of 1958, the Maoxian Qiang Autonomous County was established.
	www.qiang.allcost.com /qianghist_df.htm (804 words)

	Brujula.Net - Your Latin Stating Point (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The first autonomous region to be established was Inner Mongolia, created within communist-held territory in 1947, two years before the establishment of the People's Republic.
		Xinjiang was converted from a province to an autonomous region in 1955.
		Autonomous administrative entities, as well as the various rights granted to them, are affirmed by the government as a positive example of local self-rule in ethnic areas.
	www.brujula.net /english/wiki/Autonomous_region_of_China.html (694 words)

	China CRIENGLISH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The heads of all autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures and autonomous counties are all citizens of the ethnic groups exercising regional autonomy in the areas concerned.
		Autonomous areas such as Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and Tibet have formulated and implemented stipulations regarding the use and development of the spoken and written languages of their own ethnic groups, and rules and regulations for the implementation of these stipulations.
		Organs of self-government of autonomous areas determine the educational plan, the establishment of schools, school system, the forms by which schools are run, curricula, language of teaching and method of enrollment, in accordance with principles concerning education and legal provisions of the state.
	en.chinabroadcast.cn /2238/2005-9-21/51@273046.htm (1829 words)

	Autonomous entities of China - China-related Topics AU-AZ - China-Related Topics
		Autonomous administrative divisions can be found at the first (province of Chinaprovince), second (prefecture of Chinaprefecture), and third (county of Chinacounty) levels of local government.
		Autonomous regions, prefectures, counties, and banners are covered under Section 6 of Chapter 3 (Articles 111-122) of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, and with more detail under the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy of the People's Republic of China.
		Autonomous administrative entities, as well as the various rights granted to them, are affirmed by the government as a positive example of local self-rule in ethnic areas, and an acknowledgement of minority self-determination unprecedented in Chinese history.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Autonomous_entities_of_China (1166 words)

	PROFILES OF TIBETAN EXILES
		Tsegyam grew up in a large semi-nomadic family in restive Aba county, in the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of northwestern Sichuan province.
		As he grew more familiar with Tibetan culture and history, he grew to think he had a duty to preserve what he regarded as its unique character, and he became an activist.
		One week after Dargye was detained, four Aba county policemen and one from the prefecture came to arrest Tsegyam at 6:00 or 7:00 a.m.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1999/tibet/Tibetweb-01.htm (1475 words)

	Ethnologue report for China (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Southwestern Gansu Province in the Jishishan Bao'an-Dongxiang-Sala Autonomous County of the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, and Bonan-speaking Tu in Tongren, eastern Qinghai Province.
		Mianning, Muli, Xichang, and Yanyuan counties of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, and Jiulong (Gyaisi) County in the Ganzi (Garzê) Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of southwestern Sichuan.
		Muli Tibetan Autonomous County in the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of southwestern Sichuan.
	www.ethnologue.com.cob-web.org:8888 /show_country.asp?name=China (8374 words)

	Tibetan News Update
		A report received by TIN indicates that Tibetans appear to be more at risk than Chinese at the Xinhua facility due to their lack of acclimatization to the heat and humidity of Sichuan summers, combined with hard labour and poor conditions.
		Tibetans and Chinese who serve terms in re-education through labour camps may have committed offences such as theft, violent assault or petty crimes, but they can also be sentenced to terms for "disrupting public order", "anti-Party" and "anti-state" activities.
		The Tibetans at Mianyang who participated in the demonstrations at Kardze, which involved hundreds of Tibetans, following the arrest of senior religious leader Sonam Phuntsog are likely to be included in one of the latter categories (for information on the Kardze demonstrations refer to http://www.tibetinfo.co.uk/news-updates/nu171199.htm).
	www.friends-of-tibet.org.nz /news/august_2001_update_21.html (619 words)

	CHINA TIBET INFORMATION CENTER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Tibetan-inhabited area in Sichuan Province is composed mainly of the Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, and Moli Tibetan Autonomous County of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture.
		The Normal School of Aba Prefecture, Normal School of Garze Prefecture and two broadcasting and television colleges have ended the situation whereby there were no high schools in the Tibetan-inhabited area in Sichuan.
		In 2002, 560 students passed the scores requirement for colleges in the entrance examination in Garze and Aba Prefectures, an increase of 93.8 percent from 2001.
	www.tibetinfor.com.cn /english/news/2004-4-16/News0200441691520.htm (778 words)

	Qiang Ethnic Minority (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Qiang ethnic minority mostly inhabits hilly to mountainous areas of the Maowen County in the Aba-Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in western Sichuan Province.
		During 600 to 900AD when the Tibetan Regime gradually expanded its rule over the region, some Qiangs were assimilated by the Tibetans and others by the Hans.
		The Qiangs are mainly engaged in agriculture which is complemented with stockbreeding, hunting and other economic activities such as paper-making, timber-processing and leather-manufacturing, etc. The Qiang people have created a unique culture, and the deft Qiang women are expert in embroidery and crafts.
	www.chinaculture.org /gb/en_aboutchina/2003-09/24/content_24049.htm (388 words)

	China Ethnic Minority: Qiang People
		The Qiang ethnic minority lives mainly in the counties of the Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan; Maowen Qiang Autonomous County is the largest area that is home to the Qiang.
		According to the 2000 census, the Qiang have a population of 306,072.
		The Qiang language belonging to the Tibetan-Burman group of the Sino-Tibetan phylum is divided into two dialects.
	www.travelchinaguide.com /intro/nationality/qiang/index.htm (459 words)

	Tibet Updates
		Fourteen Tibetan political prisoners are currently being held in Ngaba prison in Maowun county (Chinese: Maoxian) in Ngaba (Ch: Aba) Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture.
		The Tibetan political prisoners currently held at Ngaba prison were detained at various stages during the 1990s and are serving sentences of between three and ten years for political activities including the distribution of pro-independence leaflets and putting up the Tibetan flag.
		Tibetan political prisoners from neighbouring Kardze county may be being transferred to Ngaba Prison for security reasons.
	www.zuvuya.net /sites/babylontravel/portuguese/mailbox/p-update-tibet022.htm (1177 words)

	Learn Chinese - Chinese Culture Base Article
		The Qiang ethnic group have a population of 198,252.
		The dialects used by Qiangs who belong to the Tibeto-Burman group are classified under the Qiang branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.
		Qiang is one of the groups that have a long history in our country.
	learn_chinese.ckungfu.com /base_of_culture/Qiang.htm (237 words)

	3E Development - Sichuan Aba
		Life in the highlands of Aba Prefecture has changed little with the coming of modernity.
		Sponsorship begins usually at the middle school level and continues until a student’s educational career is finished or the family’s economic conditions have improved to the point sponsorship is no longer needed.
		In Ruo’ergai County, where desertification threatens large areas of the grasslands, 3E Development is working with local leaders and other agencies to replant sections of the grassland and introduce new methods of grassland maintenance to restore and protect the lands for generations to come.
	www.3edevelopment.com /aba.htm (433 words)

	Resources on the Qiang (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Qiang, Cimulin, 12,600, 1, 1, 100.0 %, 12,600, 100.0 %.
		Owing to the fact that most women are older than their husbands, they act as the head of the family as well as the society, owing to the fact that they work as the leading people in agricultural activities.
		At the legendary time when the Qiang people moved into Sichuan from Tibet, they placed white stones on every hilltop and crossroads they passed were marked using white stones, for they did not want to forget the route leading back to their original homeland.
	www.mongabay.com /indigenous_ethnicities/asian/Qiang.html (2045 words)

	Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture (Tibetan: རྔ་བ་བོད་རིགས་ཆ་བ༹ང་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་, Wylie transliteration: rnga ba bod rigs dang ch'ang rigs rang skyong khul; Chinese: 阿坝藏族羌族自治州; Pinyin: Ābà Zàngzú Qiāngzú Zìzhìzhōu) is an autonomous prefecture in Sichuan whose capital is Barkam.
		As of 2000 the Prefecture had 847,468 inhabitants (population density: 10.19 inhabitants/km²).
		In 1956 the Ngawa Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was established, in 1987 it became the Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aba_Tibetan_and_Qiang_Autonomous_Prefecture (280 words)

	Aba Tibetan-Qiang Autonomous Prefecture celebrates 50th anniversary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Aba Tibetan-Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in southwest China's Sichuan Province on Friday held a celebration marking its 50th anniversary.
		The Aba Tibetan-Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in northwestern Sichuan was founded in 1953.
		About 847,000 people of 22 ethnic groups are living in the prefecture with Tibetans and Qiang as the major groups, accounting for 52.3 percent and 17.7 percent respectively.
	english.peopledaily.com.cn /200309/26/print20030926_125003.html (227 words)

	Jiuzhaigou Valley
		It is part of the Jiuzhaigou County (formerly Nanping County) in the Aba Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of northwestern Sichuan province, near the Gansu border.
		The remote region was inhabited by various Tibetan and Qiang peoples for centuries, but was not officially discovered by the government until 1972.
		Due to the protected nature of the park, the residents are forbidden from agriculture activities and rely on government subsidies as well as tourism.
	www.chinatownconnection.com /jiuzjaigou-valley.htm (537 words)

	Aba Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture \| Autonomous Robotic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		We have connected to the Internet in search of the providers than offer unequal value for autonomous robot parts and finalized our results on this summary site that list the websites that offer most reliable service when shopping for quasi autonomous non govermental organisation.
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		Endless research by us was done to find information on autonomous cinema and select the best web sites from all those available for you to visit.
	eqav.info /aba-tibetan-qiang-autonomous-prefecture.htm (462 words)

	Alai, Red Poppies, reviewed by Gang Yue
		The Living Buddha—one who clearly does not belong to the Geluk sect of Tibetan Buddhism headed by the Dalai Lama, and is instead a priest of the older Nyingma sect dominant in Alai’s homeland—is the first to warn the Chief of opium’s “corrupting influence” (64).
		The land of the Tibetan chieftains in the novel is described as “part of a joint defense district overseen by an army commander” (178).
		During the Tibetan Empire of the seventh to the ninth centuries, troops began to invade the region, settling in and assimilating the indigenous people to the Tibetan sphere of influence.
	mclc.osu.edu /rc/pubs/reviews/yue.htm (4556 words)

	Aba Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture \| Sinkianguighur Autonomous Region (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Hungry to come upon the most excellent bargains for aba tibetan qiang autonomous prefecture and anything closely related to andalucia autonomous community spain.
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	dukj.info /aba-tibetan-qiang-autonomous-prefecture.htm (274 words)

	Tome of Truth Offers Fresh Enlightenment
		The culmination of his hard journeys and research is the "Grand Collection of Quintessence of the Tibetan Ten Sciences" (Xueyu Shiming Jingcui Daquan), which was recently published by the Ethnic Publishing House in Beijing and distributed on the international market.
		Most Tibetan Buddhist scriptures were translated from Sanskrit about 1,000 years ago and many were handwritten or carved on wooden boards and scattered among various monasteries or held in public and private collections.
		At Labrang Monastery, one of the six most important monasteries of the Gelug Sect in Tibetan Buddhism, Khotse, a disciple of the Sixth Gungthang Tsang Rinpoche, worked hard to sort through its vast collection of Tibetan classics the venerable master and his predecessors had accumulated over the past centuries.
	www.china.org.cn /english/culture/181506.htm (1186 words)

	Qiang - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The structure of the graph 羌 also reflects this view.
		However, such habits have been gradually discarded with the coming of liberation.
		Others, who live near the Tibetans follow Tibetan Buddhism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Qiang (1769 words)

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