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	Ababda - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		ABABDA (the Gebadei of Pliny, probably the Troglodytes of classical writers), a nomad tribe of African "Arabs" of Hamitic origin.
		The Ababda of Nubia, reported by Joseph von Russegger, who visited the country in 1836, to number some 40,000, have since diminished, having probably amalgamated with the Bisharin, their hereditary enemies when they were themselves a powerful nation.
		The Ababda generally speak Arabic (mingled with Barabra [Nubian] words), the result of their long-continued contact with Egypt; but the southern and south-eastern portion of the tribe in many cases still retain their Beja dialect, ToBedawiet.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Ababda (711 words)

	Ababda - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Ababda (or Ababde) (the Gebadei of Pliny, possibly the Troglodytes of classical writers), are a nomad tribe of African Bedouins, a subgroup of the Beja people; some still speak the Cushitic Beja language, while others speak Arabic.
		The Ababda generally speak Arabic (mingled with Barabra Nubian words), the result of their long-continued contact with Egypt; but the southern and south-eastern portion of the tribe in many cases still retain their Beja language, To Bedawie.
		Zbigniew Kosc: Ababda Bedouins of the Eastern Desert
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ababda (423 words)

	Ababda
		ABABDA, a nomad tribe of Arabs who reach northward to the Kena-Kusayr road, in the country east of Luxor Diran, Aswan and the Northern Atbai.
		The Ababda of Egypt, numbering some 30,000, are governed by an hereditary "chief"; they generally speak Arabic mingled with Barabra words.
		The Ababda build huts with hurdles and mats or live in natural caves.
	webpages.charter.net /BrianOtte/encyclopedia_project/a/ababda.html (293 words)

	Adventure Egypt - The Desert of Egypt - The Eastern Desert -
		The Bedouins inhabiting the Eastern Desert of Egypt are divided into four main tribes; the Maaza and Rashayed that originally came from Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Palestine and Sinai; the Ababda and Bisharyin who have moved from Sudan and Ethiopia.
		Ababda are direct descendants of the Blemmys, the old caravan raiders of Roman times.
		Moving south of this road is Ababda, Bisharyin and Rashayed territory respectively.
	www.adventuregypt.com /eastern.htm (870 words)

	Ababda
		The Ababda of Nubia, reported by Joseph von Russegger, who visisted the country in 1836, to number some 40,000, have since diminished, having probably amalgamated with the Bisharin, their hereditary enemies when they were themselves a powerful nation.
		The Ababda generally speak Arabic (mingled with Barabra [Nubian] words), the result of their long-continued contact with Egypt; but the southern and south-eastern protion of the tribe in many cases still retain their Beja dialect, To-Bedawiet.
		Unlike the true Arab, the Ababda do not live in tents, but build huts with hurdles and mats, or live in natural caves, as did their ancetors in classic times.
	members.fortunecity.com /flopezr/html/english/a/ababda.htm (674 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Ababda households are made up of small encampments typically comprising between six and ten nuclear households.
		The traditional accommodation structure of the Ababda is called the beit bersh (house of bersh), a type of hut which can be easily dismantled and moved.
		The other main type of structure found at Ababda campsites is the afsha, which is a simple cube-shaped frame with matting or canvas as a roof.
	web.ges.gla.ac.uk /aswanlink/GADCD/wadiallaqi3.htm (710 words)

	Perceptions of the Ababda and Bisharin in the Atbai
		The Ababda are found between the Nile and the Red Sea in Upper Egypt, that is from Asyut southwards to the cataracts of the Nile around Aswan: the greater part of tribe are found east of Luxor, in Diráw/Daraw, trading with Aswán, and in the north Atbai.
		Linant de Bellefonds describes delightful valleys inhabited by Ababda living amongst mimosas and acacias and grazing their flocks, but it was in Bisharin territory of the Atbai where he explored ancient mineral workings in 1830 to 1831, on behalf of Muhammad Ali Psha.
		The Ababda, along with their neighbours, the Bisharin, breed the best camels in the world and control the camel markets at Diraw, 4 m s of Kom-Ombo, 23 M N of Aswan on the railway.
	www.dur.ac.uk /justin.willis/starkey.htm (4425 words)

	[No title]
		The direct ancestors of the Ababda may have been the Blemmyes, who conquered southern portions of the Roman province of Egypt after centuries of conflict.
		The Ababda belong with four other tribes to the Bedja group, of which the great majority lives in Sudan.
		Many Ababda now live in towns and villages in the Nile Valley and the Red Sea coast, driving in pick-up cars instead of riding camels.
	www.egypt-archaeology.com /Sikait1d.html (164 words)

	Adventure Egypt - The Desert of Egypt - The Bedouins -
		The Bedouins inhabiting the Eastern Desert are divided into four main tribes; the Maaza and Rashayed that originally come from Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Palestine and Sinai, and the Ababda and Bisharyin who have moved from Sudan and Ethiopia.
		Ababda men will perform a sword dance where two men will hold their swords vertically facing each other and leap high in the air in a circle shaking their sword with a quick movement of the wrist; the swords never touch.
		Ababda women will dance with their backs to spectators sitting on the ground; they will waive their loose hair and move forward and back.
	www.adventuregypt.com /bedouins.htm (1529 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Travel \| The other Fustat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Ababda are the original dwellers of Wadi Al-Gemal, while Bisharins are inhabitants of the Jabel Elba region located in the southeastern most corner of Egypt.
		While both are nomadic pastorals, Ababda have abandoned their original tradition of livestock herding due to extended drought conditions that have forced them to live in areas closer to commercial urban centres.
		Though both tribes originally speak different dialects of an oral language called "To Bedawie" or Rotana as is commonly known, Ababda have deserted their mother tongue for Arabic.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2005/754/tr3.htm (1486 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Wadi Allaqi is inhabited by two tribes, the Ababda and the Bishari Bedouin, both of which are assigned to the Beja cultural group (Paul 1971).
		The descendants of Abad (the Ababda) have since adopted Arabic as their principal language, although some remotely-located Ababda still continue to speak the Beja language in addition to Arabic.
		However, the Ababda as a whole remain culturally distinct from the Arabic Bedouin who inhabit the territory further north and with whom they often feud (Hobbs 1989:13).
	web.ges.gla.ac.uk /aswanlink/GADCD/wadiallaqi2.htm (446 words)

	Ababda
		They extend from the Nile at Aswan to the Red Sea, and reach northward to the Kena-Kosseir road, thus occupying the southern border of Egypt east of the Nile.
		They are still great trade carriers, and visit very distant districts.
		The Ababda of Egypt, numbering some 30,000 (in 1911), are governed by an hereditary "chief." Although nominally a vassal of the Khedive he pays no tribute.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ab/Ababda.html (325 words)

	Organization and logistics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Water for drinking and washing has to be brought in, in the past from a well 130 km (80 m) to the south and since the beginning of the new millennium from a newly built desalination plant about 30 km (20 m) to the north.
		Their knowledge of the area is of great value for the desert survey during which many ancient roads, mines, quarries and settlements have been discovered, mapped and studied.
		Members of the Berenike Project participate in the study of the contemporary material culture and daily life of the Ababda, in order to preserve a detailed description of these for the future as well as to better understand some of the ancient material remains unearthed at Berenike.
	www.archbase.com /berenike/english9.html (365 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Travel \| SNAP SHOTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Bisharin is the largest ethnicity, and along with Ababda they are both part of a much larger tribe, Beja.
		Though both Ababda and Bisharin originally speak different dialects of a verbal language called To-bedawie, or rather Rotana as it is most commonly known, Ababda have adapted Arabic as their mother tongue while Bisharin still cling to Rotana.
		In addition to both Ababda and Bisharin, there is Rashayda, a minority non-indigenous tribe originally from Saudi Arabia, from where they were expelled in 1846.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2005/775/tr41.htm (309 words)

	Diving and Safaris
		From time immemorial the Ababda have been nomads, wandering through the desert with their flocks of sheep and goats.
		As a result of their life in the desert the Ababda developed features, which are common to all nomad people: indifference toward material things, hospitality, respect for nature, self-sufficiency and tribal solidarity.
		Treated as robbers and barbarians, the Ababda were expelled outside the borders of the invaders.
	www.divingandsafaris.com /Egypt/season/intothedesert.html (897 words)

	General News of Friday, 19 March 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Sources say a Police report clearing the Justice Ababda has been forwarded to the office of the Chief Justice, and therefore the Judicial Secretary and the Public Relations Office of the Judicial Service are not oblivious of the existence of the report.
		However, the Daily Graphic, sources say advertently or inadvertently failed to inform the public on vital and critical information within the reporter’s knowledge that the Judge’s house was thoroughly searched by over 20 police and intelligence officers for barely two hours during the weekend before the Graphic publication on Monday without any money being found.
		Sources say the house of Justice Ababda was turned “upside down” and “inside out”, with every nook and cranny of the four walls in the residence, including the bedrooms, sitting room, bath room, flower pots, cloths, children school bags, being searched.
	www.ghanaweb.com /GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=54295 (850 words)

	youregypt.com forum :: View topic - History of the Contemporary Arabic dialects in Egypt
		This is the Ababdi dialects spoken by the members of the Bedouin Ababda groups.
		According to Ibn Battuta,the Ababda spoke a Bija language in the 14th-15th centuries and in the ''Description de l'Egypte'', Du Bois-Ayme mentioned that they were bilinguial Arabic and Bija speakers.
		Today,the Ababda are totally Arabic speaking but their dialect is closer to the north-eastern Arabic Sudanese dialects[like Shukriyya dialect] than to the Upper Egyptian Nile Valley dialects.
	www.youregypt.com /forum/viewtopic.php?p=5957 (1119 words)

	Profile of the Beja People of Sudan, Eritrea and Egypt
		Bedawi (Beja) (Bisharin dialect, secondary for Ababda) [bej]
		Though the Ababda have come to speak Arabic, they retain their Beja customs and lifestyle.
		The Ababda now speak Arabic (The group called Ababda are in Egypt; the dialect identified as Ababda by Ethnologue is shown only in Eritrea.
	endor.hsutx.edu /~obiwan/profiles/beja.html (2181 words)

	EgyptHeritage.com - Wadi El Gemal National Park infrastructure
		The Ababda, the dwellers of this region, are an ancient people with a rich and colorful heritage which is also endangered.
		We have reintroduced their architecture and combined it with some of the local architecture of the "Ababda".
		The project did not only serve the purpose of facilitating conservation of the park but the structures have became a destination on their own, serving other purposes including the encouragement of sound eco-tourism while promoting the welfare of local people.
	www.egyptcd.com /eco_gemal.html (299 words)

	[No title]
		Archeo-botanists and -zoologists, pottery-, textile- and metal-specialists, papyrologists and geologists produce a unique and highly detailed record of the past.
		Teams of Ababda Bedouin lead by archaeologists perform the actual excavations.
		The Ababda tribe has inhabited the area since the Roman times, and because of their knowledge of the desert, often provide us with guides during our surveys in the region.
	www.egypt-archaeology.com /Sikait1e.html (138 words)

	Full Story (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The community is composed of three tribes: Bisharin, which represents the majority of the population, Ababda, a smaller tribe, and Rashayda, a minority with only a few thousand people.
		The Ababda tribe now speaks Arabic, while Bisharin still cling to their mother tongue — though they also know Arabic.
		The Rashayda, on the other hand, form a non-indigenous, Arabic-speaking tribe that originated in Saudi Arabia, from which they were expelled in 1846.
	www.traveltodayegypt.com /article.aspx?ArticleID=6103 (1048 words)

	Faculty Profile: Willeke Wendrich
		The area is at the moment inhabited by the Ababda nomads, with whom we work intensively, not only in the excavations but also in a project that sets out to preserve the Ababda cultural heritage.
		With the rapid advent of tourism in the area, the Ababda way of life will change dramatically.
		From 2002 to 2004, a large exhibition on Ababda culture will be on display in the museum of ethnography in Rotterdam.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /ioa/pubs/backdirt/fall01/willeke.html (1527 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2006.10.41 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Chapters 2 and 3 in turn focus, respectively, on the present-day natural vegetation found in the Eastern Desert and on life and survival in the desert as currently lived and practised by the local Ababda nomads.
		This is due to the availability in many places of other water sources besides rainfall, particularly morning dew and ground and (occasionally) surface water, and to plant adaptations to water stress.
		As the study of food production among the Ababda nomads shows, it is quite possible to cultivate a range of vegetables and herbs in small 'kitchen gardens' (ranging in size from 4 to 20 square metres) near settlements, provided the soil is relatively well-watered and mineral rich.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2006/2006-10-41.html (1828 words)

	The Unreached Peoples Prayer Profiles
		The Beja of Egypt number around 63,000 and are represented by two sub-groups who speak the Ababda and Bisharin dialects, after which they are named.
		In the larger villages, the Bisharin live together with Ababda, in brick dwellings or in tents encircled within a brick wall.
		The Ababda practice long-distance trade, frequenting the weekly markets in their territory.
	www.global12project.com /2004/profiles/p_code4/1772.html (777 words)

	EgyptHeritage.com - People
		In the Elba mountain area live the Bishari, an ancient Hamitic people with a unique language called Beja.
		The Beja culture in Egypt includes the overarching Ababda nomads who live in the Eastern Desert and Red Sea mountains in south-east Egypt.
		The Rashida, an Arab people from the Sudan, travel with their camels in the region.
	www.egyptcd.com /GalPeople.html (216 words)

	The Bead Site \| Indian Ocean Bead Trade, part 2
		The modern Ababda Bedouin wear cowry and "paper" or "little bubble" (Atyidae) shells.
		Both of these (and Conus) are available in the Red Sea; next time I will have to ask where they obtain these shells.
		No doubt the ancestors of the modern Ababda Bedouin were the desert nomads, the people the Romans called "Blemmyes." While the Blemmyes at Berenike were not really "inland" people, their orientation would have been.
	www.thebeadsite.com /ABM-RIO2.html (592 words)

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