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Topic: Abd al-Mu'min, Almohad Caliph

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Historia, Vida y Civilización de Almorávides y Almohades. El Legado Andalusí 1146 The Almohad caliph Abd al-Mumin begins to be recognised as part of al-Andalus' new sovereign, thus initiating a new historical period with the Almohads. 1145 The first Almohad troops land in the Iberian Peninsula in response to the plea for help received by Abd al-Mumin from some Andalusis to counteract the Christian advance and the Almoravid weakness in certain areas. 1163 Abd al-Mumin dies ceding the caliphate to Abu Yaqub. www.legadoandalusi.es /itinerarios/eng/historia.htm

Encyclopedia: Rise of Islam in Algeria Abd al Mumin forced the submission of the amirs and reestablished the caliphate of C rdoba, giving the Almohad sultan supreme religious as well as political authority within his domains. Upon Muhammad ibn Abdallah ibn Tumart's death in 1130, his successor Abd al Mumin took the title of caliph and placed members of his own family in power, converting the system into a traditional monarchy. Abd Allah ibn Yasin also became known as one of the marabouts, or holy persons (from al murabitun, "those who have made a religious retreat"). www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Rise-of-Islam-in-Algeria

ayatollah - In the Shiite branch of Islam, a high-ranking religious authority regarded by his followers as the most learned pe Marrakech was captured in 1147 under the leadership of his successor Abd al- Mumin. It was named after al- Abbas (566-c.633), uncle of Muhammad, from whom all its caliphs were descended. The Fatimid dynasty proclaimed a new caliphate in 920; Abd al- Rahman III announced one in opposition to both the Abbasids and the Fatimids in 928. www.gc.peachnet.edu /socsci/ehancock/BULLI/Islam-terms.htm

IslamiCity.com - Travel Center One of Morocco's four imperial cities, it was founded in the 12th century by Almohad ruler Abd al-Mumin as a ribat (camp) quartering troops for his repeated forays into southern Spain. By the 10th century, Cordoba had become one of the greatest cities in the world, thanks to the efforts of the powerful and wise caliph Abd al-Rahman III. After the Muslim conquest of Iberia in 711, the Umayyad amirs made Cordoba the capital of al-Andalus. www.islam.org /Travel/spain/cities.asp

Ibn Rushd [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] Ibn Rushd traveled to Marrakesh and came under the patronage of the caliph 'Abd al-Mu'min, likely involved in educational reform for the dynasty. Sometime between 1159 and 1169, during one of his periods of residence in Marrakesh, Ibn Rushd befriended Ibn Tufayl (Abubacer), a philosopher who was the official physician and counselor to Caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf, son of 'Abd al-Mu'min. Ibn Rushd’s father, Abdul-Qasim Ahmad, although not as venerated as his grandfather, held the same position until the Almoravids were ousted by the Almohad dynasty in 1146. www.iep.utm.edu /i/ibnrushd.htm

Andalusian Cookbook Footnotes an Almohad prince, nephew of 'Abd al-Mu'min and governor of Marra kesh. Besides the customs officer of the Almohade caliph Yusuf I, there was another ibn Muthanna, a friend of Jahiz, by whom he is cited in his Book of Misers. Governor and admiral of Ceuta, son of the Almohada Caliph Yusuf I. The word "janb" is always translated as "flank," but studying these recipes makes me suspect that it refers here to lamb breast: all the emphasis on putting a stuffing between the meat and the bones. www.daviddfriedman.com /Medieval/Cookbooks/Andalusian/andalusian_footnotes.htm

Post Umayyad Spain & North Africa Under his successor, 'Abd al-Mu`min, the Almohads brought down the Almoravid state in 1147, subjugating the Maghrib, and captured Marrakech, which became the Almohad capital. Such caliphal theory as really existed at the time certainly allowed the caliph to nominate his own successor, and it was up to a point conceivably possible (though almost impossible in practice) that that nominated successor should be a member of a different family. The empire of the Almohads had kept its original tribal hierarchy as a political and social framework, with the founders and their descendants forming a ruling aristocracy; however, a Spanish form of central government was superimposed on this Berber organization. www.islamyal-andalus.org /monedas/PUSandNA.htm

Chronological Timeline From the Atlas he and his general 'Abd al-Mu'min begin a campaign against the Almoravids of Marrakesh. The deaths of the amir Badr al-Jamali and of the Fatimid caliph al-Mustansir begin the collapse of Fatimid authority. 1130) founder of the religious reform movement of the Muwahhidun (Almohads), is recognised as Mahdi by the Masmuda Berbers. www.princeton.edu /~batke/itl/chron.html

Ibn Rushd [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] Sometime between 1159 and 1169, during one of his periods of residence in Marrakesh, Ibn Rushd befriended Ibn Tufayl (Abubacer), a philosopher who was the official physician and counselor to Caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf, son of 'Abd al-Mu'min. Ibn Rushd’s father, Abdul-Qasim Ahmad, although not as venerated as his grandfather, held the same position until the Almoravids were ousted by the Almohad dynasty in 1146. Ibn Rushd’s relationship with the Almohad was not merely opportunistic, (considering the support his father and grandfather had given to the Almoravids) for it influenced his work significantly; notably his ability to unite philosophy and religion. www.utm.edu /research/iep/i/ibnrushd.htm

Glossary of Terms Under his successor, 'Abd al-Mu'min, the Almohads brought down the Almoravid state in 1147, subjugating the Maghrib, and captured Marrakech, which became the Almohad capital. The empire of the Almohads had kept its original tribal hierarchy as a political and social framework, with the founders and their descendants forming a ruling aristocracy; however, a Spanish form of central government was superimposed on this Berber organization. Almohads, Arabic AL-MUWAHHIDUN (Those Who Affirm the Unity of God), a Berber confederation that created an Islamic empire in North Africa and Spain (1130-1269), founded on the religious teachings of Ibn Tumart (d. www.geocities.com /~spiritsbreath/iberia/glossary.html

mohammed_ii_of_umayyad Mohammed II of Umayyad, Suleiman II of Umayyad, Suleiman II of Umayyad, Muhammad III of Umayyad, Abd al-Mu'min, Almohad Caliph, Yusuf I, Almohad Caliph, Yaqub, Almohad Caliph, Yusuf II, Almohad Caliph... Abd ar-Rahman III, as caliph, 929 - 961 - Al-Hakam II, 961 - 976 - Hisham II, 976 - 1008 - Mohammed II of UmayyadMohammed II, 1008 - 1009 - Suleiman II of UmayyadSuleiman, 1009 - 1010 - Hisham II, restored, 1010 -... Mohammed II of Umayyad   Mohammed II of Umayyad Mohammed II was the fourth Caliph of Cordoba, of the Umayyad dynasty. mohammed_ii_of_umayyad.networklive.org

Abd al-Mu'min --  Encyclopædia Britannica Even while he was pursuing his conquest, 'Abd al-Mu'min had established a central government for his empire. in full 'Abd al-Mu'min ibn 'Ali Berber caliph of the Almohad dynasty (reigned 1130–63), who conquered the North African Maghrib from the Almoravids andbrought all the Berbers under one rule. To the traditional clan organization of the Masmudah and other Berber peoples supporting the Almohads he added an organization to promote the spread of Almohad doctrine and a central administration (the makhzan) modeled on those of Muslim Spain, which was staffed... www.britannica.com /eb/article-9003266?tocId=9003266

Ibn Rushd [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] Sometime between 1159 and 1169, during one of his periods of residence in Marrakesh, Ibn Rushd befriended Ibn Tufayl (Abubacer), a philosopher who was the official physician and counselor to Caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf, son of 'Abd al-Mu'min. Abu al-Walid Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Rushd, better known in the Latin West as Averroes, lived during a unique period in Western intellectual history, in which interest in philosophy and theology was waning in the Muslim world and just beginning to flourish in Latin Christendom. Ibn Rushd's relationship with the Almohad was not merely opportunistic, (considering the support his father and grandfather had given to the Almoravids) for it influenced his work significantly; notably his ability to unite philosophy and religion. www.iep.utm.edu /i/ibnrushd.htm

Rabat --  Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Online Article One of Morocco's four imperial cities, it was founded in the 12th century by a ruler of the Almohad dynasty, 'Abd al-Mu'min, as a ribat (camp) quartering troops for his holy war against Spain. Berber caliph of the Almohad dynasty (reigned 1130–63), who conquered the North African Maghrib from the Almoravids andbrought all the Berbers under one rule. After 1609 the unified community of Rabat-Salé became the home of large numbers of Andalusian Moor s who had been driven from Spain and, later, of the Sallee Corsairs, the most dreaded of Barbary Coast pirates. concise.britannica.com /ebc/article?tocId=9376342

Ibn Rushd [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] Sometime between 1159 and 1169, during one of his periods of residence in Marrakesh, Ibn Rushd befriended Ibn Tufayl (Abubacer), a philosopher who was the official physician and counselor to Caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf, son of 'Abd al-Mu'min. Abu al-Walid Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Rushd, better known in the Latin West as Averroes, lived during a unique period in Western intellectual history, in which interest in philosophy and theology was waning in the Muslim world and just beginning to flourish in Latin Christendom. Ibn Rushd's relationship with the Almohad was not merely opportunistic, (considering the support his father and grandfather had given to the Almoravids) for it influenced his work significantly; notably his ability to unite philosophy and religion. www.iep.utm.edu /i/ibnrushd.htm   (7398 words)

Ibn Rushd [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] Sometime between 1159 and 1169, during one of his periods of residence in Marrakesh, Ibn Rushd befriended Ibn Tufayl (Abubacer), a philosopher who was the official physician and counselor to Caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf, son of 'Abd al-Mu'min. Ibn Rushd's relationship with the Almohad was not merely opportunistic, (considering the support his father and grandfather had given to the Almoravids) for it influenced his work significantly; notably his ability to unite philosophy and religion. Although well-versed in ancient philosophy, the prince complained about the challenge posed by the Greek philosopher’s texts and commissioned Ibn Rushd to write a series of commentaries on them. www.iep.utm.edu /i/ibnrushd.htm   (7398 words)

Ibn Rushd [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] Sometime between 1159 and 1169, during one of his periods of residence in Marrakesh, Ibn Rushd befriended Ibn Tufayl (Abubacer), a philosopher who was the official physician and counselor to Caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf, son of 'Abd al-Mu'min. Ibn Rushd's relationship with the Almohad was not merely opportunistic, (considering the support his father and grandfather had given to the Almoravids) for it influenced his work significantly; notably his ability to unite philosophy and religion. www.iep.utm.edu /i/ibnrushd.htm   (7398 words)

Ibn Rushd [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] Sometime between 1159 and 1169, during one of his periods of residence in Marrakesh, Ibn Rushd befriended Ibn Tufayl (Abubacer), a philosopher who was the official physician and counselor to Caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf, son of 'Abd al-Mu'min. Ibn Rushd's relationship with the Almohad was not merely opportunistic, (considering the support his father and grandfather had given to the Almoravids) for it influenced his work significantly; notably his ability to unite philosophy and religion. www.iep.utm.edu /i/ibnrushd.htm   (7398 words)

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