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Topic: Abd ar rahman I

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	Abd ar-Rahman I Summary
		Abd al-Rahman I (731-788) was emir of Islamic Spain from 756 to 788.
		Abd ar-Rahman I (Arabic: عبد الرحمن الداخل) (born 731; ruled 756-788) was the founder of a Muslim dynasty that ruled Spain for nearly three centuries.
		The country was in a state of confusion under the weak rule of the Emir Yusef, a mere puppet in the hands of a faction, and was torn by tribal dissensions among the Arabs and by race conflicts between the Arabs and Berbers.
	www.bookrags.com /Abd_ar-Rahman_I (1173 words)

	Abd ar-Rahman I
		However, luck was soon to befall al-Andalus from the surprising arrival of a wandering figure of royalty who escaped with his life amidst political turbulence in his native Syrian homeland.
		Abd ar-Rahman I, was barely 20-years old when he saw the massacre of his ruling Umayyad dynasty by the Abassids in Syria.
		However, despite his celebrated accomplishments in al-Andalus, Abd ar-Rahman still maintained a lifelong attachment to his Syrian homeland and his nostalgia for Syria is quite apparent in a poetic verse he wrote in Rusafa, one of which reads:
	www.idir.net /~suede/successor1.html (633 words)

	Biologie - Abd ar-Rahman I. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Biologie - Abd ar-Rahman I. Tierbilder auf Zoologie.de.
		Dennoch konnte Abd ar-Rahman I. seinem Nachfolger ein gefestigtes Reich hinterlassen.
		Abd ar-Rahman I. erster Emir von Córdoba in Andalusien (756 – 788)
	www.biologie.de /biowiki/Abd_ar-Rahman_I. (1116 words)

	Abd ar-Rahman I.
		Abd ar-Rahman I. (*731 788) erster Emir von Cordoba in Andalusien (756 — 788)
		Nachdem Abd ar-Rahman I. als Enkel Kalifen Hischam (724 — 743) nach dem Sturz der Umayyaden (750) dem Massaker der Abbasiden an den Umayyaden entkommen konnte floh über Palästina und Ägypten in den Maghreb.
		Unter Abd ar-Rahman begann einer zunehmende von Arabern aus Syrien die die kulturelle Arabisierung Andalusiens erheblich Schon Abd ar-Rahman begann mit einer umfangreichen Neben der Befestigung von Cordoba errichtete er Palast ar-Ruzafa und begann mit dem Bau Großen Moschee Mezquita“ in Cordoba.
	www.uni-protokolle.de /Lexikon/Abd_ar-Rahman_I..html (310 words)

	chapter three.html
		To 'Abd ar-Rahman, those two prophesies and his several miraculous escapes from the claws of death could not be dismissed as a mere coincidence, and he knew only too well that if he was destined to wear the crown, that would not be in Al-Maghrib, but over there, across the straits.
		However, 'Abd ar-Rahman, whose calculations throughout his life, as a man and as a ruler, were always characterised by a high degree of precision and far sightedness, had not imagined that his failure in deciding on the issue of succession would bring so much trouble to his successor.
		When 'Abd ar-Rahman II sat on the throne of the emirate in the year 822, the swords of his father were still smeared with the blood of conspirators and adventurers who had tried over and over again to pull down the pillars of the central government in Cordoba.
	www.artopedia.com /chapter3.html (10476 words)

	Abd ar-Rahman I
		Abd ar-Rahman I (ruled 756-788) was the founder of a Muslim dynasty that ruled Spain for nearly three centuries.
		The long reign of Abd ar Rahman I was spent in a struggle to reduce his anarchical Arab and Berber subjects to order.
		In 763 he was compelled to fight at the very gate of his capital with rebels acting on behalf of the Abbasids, and had won a signal victory, he cut off the heads of the leaders, filled them with salt and camphor and sent them as a defiance to the eastern caliph.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/a/ab/abd_ar_rahman_i.html (659 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Abd ar-Rahman I (Arabic: Ø¹Ø¨Ø¯ Ø§ÙØ±ØÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¯Ø§Ø®Ù) (born 731; ruled 756; died circa 788) was the founder of a Muslim dynasty that ruled the greater part of Iberia for nearly three centuries.
		Abd ar-Rahman was the grandson of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, the tenth Umayyad Caliph.
		Abd ar-Rahman was a prince, and was groomed from an early age to be a caliph.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Abd_ar-Rahman_I (2802 words)

	chapterfive.html (Site not responding. Last check: )
		'Abd ar-Rahman III was ushered to the Umayyad throne by destiny.
		But 'Abd ar-Rahman was not oblivious of the danger, and was able to confront the Fatimids courageously and forcefully, and although he had protected the integrity of the state quite efficiently, one important element had skipped his mind, namely, the importance of having a strong naval force.
		Another part was later added to the southern end by Abd ar-Rahman II in 833, while his son Emir Muhammad (852-886) renovated the older part adding, in the process, a chamber, maqsurah', for the rulers to rest and meet with the 'ulama', the clergy, after prayers.
	www.artopedia.com /chapter4.html (7072 words)

	ABD AR-RAHMAN (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Abd Ar-Rahman III was the greatest ruler of the Omyyad Arab Muslim dynasty of Spain.
		The Omyyad dynasty in Spain was established in 756 by the only surviving prince of the bloodbath that had decimated the Omyyads in Damascus at the hands of the first Abbasids.
		In 929 Abd Ar-Rahman III proclaimed himself Caliph, thereby challenging the spiritual authority of the Baghdad Caliphate.
	www.hyperhistory.com /online_n2/people_n2/ppersons4_n2/abdar.html (119 words)

	Yahya related to me from Malik from Rabia ibn Abi Abd ar-Rahman that if Abdullah ibn Umar arrived at the mosque and the ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Yahya related to me from Malik that Abu’r-Rijal Muhammad ibn Abd ar-Rahman heard his mother, Amra bint Abd ar-Rahman say, “A man bought the fruit of an enclosed orchard in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he tended it while staying on the land.
		Yahya related to me from Malik that he saw Rabia ibn Abd ar-Rahman vomit several times when he was in the mosque and he did not leave, nor did he do wudu before he prayed.
		Yahya related to me from Malik that Abd ar-Rahman ibn al-Qasim said, “I heard Abdullah ibn Amir ibn Rabia say, ‘I sometimes pray witr while hearing the iqama, or after the break of dawn.’ ” Abd ar-Rahman was not certain which he said.
	www.hadithblog.com /yahya-related-to-me-from-malik-from-rabia-ibn-abi-abd-ar-rahman-that-if-abdullah-ibn-umar-arrived-at-the-mosque-and-the-people-had-already-prayed-he-would-begin-with-the-obligatory-prayer-and-not-pray/yahya-related-to-me-from-malik-from-rabia-ibn-abi-abd-ar-rahman-that-if-abdullah-ibn-umar-arrived-at-the-mosque-and-the-people-had-already-prayed-he-would-begin-with-the-obligatory-prayer-and-not-pray.html (820 words)

	Abd Ar Rahman III Emir and Caliph of Cordoba: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		Abd ar-Rahman recovered the lost provinces, consolidated the central government, and created internal peace and prosperity.
		Abd Ar-Rahman III, Emir and Caliph of Córdoba
		ABD AR-RAHMAN III, emir and caliph of Cordoba 891 961, Umayyad emir (912 29) and first caliph (929 61) of Cordoba.
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/abd-ar-rahman-iii-emir-and-caliph-of-cordoba.jsp?l=A&p=1 (600 words)

	: : [ University of Leicester Islamic Society ] : : : : : : : :
		Rahman comments, “[m]erchants from Syria, Egypt, Africa, Italy and Armenia jostled in the markets of the kingdom making it the common country of all the nations”.
		Rahman narrates how, according to this story, when he returned from his sojourn rumour spread that during his stay with the ‘infidel’ he had dabbled in necromancy.
		It was initiated by Abd ar-Rahman I and completed by his son Hisham I, who added a minaret, basins for ablution and a gallery for women.
	www.leicesterisoc.org /ARTICLES/muslimspain/muslimspain.htm (4721 words)

	News \| TimesDaily.com \| TimesDaily \| Florence, AL
		The second major event of the early reign of Abd al-Malik was the construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.
		Abd al-Malik is credited with centralizing the administration of the caliphate, and with establishing Arabic as its official language.
		One grandson of Hisham, 'Abd al-Rahman, survived and established a kingdom in Al-Andalus (Moorish Iberia), proclaiming his family to be the Umayyad Caliphate revived.
	www.timesdaily.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Omayyads (3223 words)

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