Abdication - Factbites

Abdication - Factbites
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	Abdication - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Abdication (from the Latin abdicatio, disowning, renouncing, from ab, from, and dicare, to declare, to proclaim as not belonging to one) is the act of renouncing and resigning from a formal office, especially from the supreme office of state.
		Probably the most famous abdication in recent memory is that of King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom in 1936, who abdicated the British throne in order to marry American divorcée Wallis Simpson, over the objections of the British establishment, the governments of the Commonwealth, the royal family and the Church of England.
		Charles abdicated as king of the Netherlands (October 25, 1555) and of Spain (January 16, 1556), in favor of his son Philip II of Spain.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Abdication (621 words)

	MSN Encarta - Abdication
		Foreign force compelled the abdications of the Polish kings Augustus II the Strong, Stanisław I Leszczyński (1735), and Stanisław II Augustus (1795) and of Charles IV of Spain (1808).
		The defeat of the Central Powers in World War I resulted (1918) in a number of abdications, including those of William II of Germany, Charles I of Austria-Hungary, Louis III of Bavaria, King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony, and William II of Württemberg.
		King Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia was compelled by the French government to abdicate in 1802; his successor, King Victor Emmanuel I, abdicated in 1821 in the face of a popular uprising against his regime.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761567866 (488 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Abdication
		Abdication, ecclesiastically considered, is the resignation of a benefice or clerical dignity.
		The general ecclesiastical law concerning such abdications (exclusive of a papal resignation) is that the benefice must be resigned into the hands of the proper ecclesiastical superior.
		After five months of pontificate, he issued a solemn decree in which he declared that it was permissible for the Pope to abdicate, and then made an equally solemn renunciation of the papacy into the hands of the cardinals.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01031a.htm (1292 words)

	Abdication Crisis of Edward VIII - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Edward VIII's written abdication notice was witnessed by his three younger brothers at Fort Belvedere: Albert, the Duke of York, who became King George VI by it, Henry, Duke of Gloucester, and George, Duke of Kent.
		But by his abdication, Edward was no longer in the line of succession, so it would have required the deposition of King George VI and the repeal of the Abdication Act by all the parliaments in the Commonwealth.
		Following his abdication, Edward (his title reverting for a few hours to "His Royal Highness The Prince Edward" before his brother created him "Duke of Windsor" the following morning) broadcast a message to the people from Windsor Castle.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Abdication_crisis_of_1936 (1992 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - Kaiser Wilhelm II's Abdication Proclamation, 28 November 1918
		Wilhelm's abdication was announced by Chancellor Prince Max von Baden in a 9 November 1918 proclamation - before Wilhelm had in fact consented to abdicate (but after Social Democrat Philipp Scheidemann had announced the Kaiser's departure from the balcony of the Reichstag).
		Having instigated the Kaiser's abdication Prince Max resigned, handing power to incoming Chancellor Friedrich Ebert who, in statements issued on 10 November and 17 November, appealed for public calm and reassured the German public that the incoming government would be "a government of the people".
		In the wake of the Kaiser's abdication his eldest son - Crown Prince Wilhelm- expressed a desire on 11 November 1918- the date of the armistice - to be allowed to lead his army back home to Germany.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/abdication.htm (424 words)

	Lalor, Cyclopaedia of Political Science, V.1, Entry 1, ABDICATION: Library of Economics and Liberty
		Abdication is performed generally by a solemn act, and almost always in favor of the natural heir; but it is not always voluntary, and history shows us that it is often followed by regret.
		To sum up, we may mention the abdication of King Louis of Holland in 1810, of Louis of Bavaria in 1848, of the Hohenzollern Princes in favor of Prussia in 1849, and of the Duke of Saxe Altenburg in favor of his brother in 1849.
		From the point of view of divine right, abdication is unlawful, for the reason that the prince having been invested with supreme power by an act not of his own volition, can not, of his own motion, divest himself of that power.
	www.econlib.org /library/YPDBooks/Lalor/llCy1.html (1064 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: abdication
		Papal abdication should be made into the hands of the College of Cardinals, since that body must elect a successor (Ferraris).
		Pius VII signed a conditional abdication in 1804, before setting out for France to crown Napoleon, to take effect if he were imprisoned.
		Abdication must be voluntary, and free from simony.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/ncd00024.htm (84 words)

	PPP 13/21: Abdication: How to fill the vacancy of the Throne
		This issue of abdication has created yet another uncertainty about the situation in Cambodia and even about the survival of the Monarchy, and it is all the more so when the country's Constitution is silent over the vacancy of the Throne such an abdication would create.
		Abdication and the procedure to fill the vacancy of the Throne need to be provided for in the Constitution itself.
		Thailand's constitutional procedure to fill the vacancy of the Throne seems to be in conformity with the constitutional principles laid down by the English Parliament ("the lords and commons") when it adopted a procedure to fill the vacancy of the English Throne upon the abdication of King James II in 1688.
	www.phnompenhpost.com /TXT/comments/c1321-1.htm (1481 words)

	The Abdication of the throne of Spain by Felipe V (1724)
		The abdication had been planned for a long time, and was the consequence of a solemn vow made in July 1720 to renounce the world, a vow repeated several times since.
		The abdication of Felipe V (Philippe de France, duc d'Anjou) as king of Spain in 1724 has occasionally been misinterpreted in the context of the debates between legitimists and orleanists.
		The religious motives behind the abdication are made clear in the king's announcement; although they were doubted at the time, and a lot of second-guessing took place, modern biographies have no reservations on this point (see for example Jose Calvo Poyato, Yves Bottineau, John Bergamini).
	www.heraldica.org /topics/france/felipe-a.htm (936 words)

	Press, Politics and the Abdication of Edward VIII by Brandt McCary "The Press creates; the Press destroys
		However, this is not merely a story of "love and sacrifice." <10> The events that led up to the King's abdication are those of a very political nature which involved the King, his Government, his political enemies and allies, and last but not least, the Press.
		With the passage of the Instrument of Abdication through all of the Parliaments of the Dominions the reign of King Edward VIII came to a close and no time was wasted in making arrangements for the proclamation of the new King, Edward VIII's brother and Duke of York, who took the title George VI.
		Much has been written about the reign and abdication of Edward VIII, which has, for the most part, gone down in history as a romantic tale of a youthful and handsome king who gave up his throne for the woman he loved.
	www.loyno.edu /~history/journal/1995-6/mccary.htm (3431 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Asia / Abdication Secures Cambodian Peace -Sihanouk
		The constitution does not allow for abdication, but the two houses of parliament rushed through legislation allowing Sihanouk to retire following his announcement.
		King Norodom Sihanouk said on Tuesday his decision to abdicate gave Cambodia a chance to choose a successor in his lifetime and thus avoid another bloodbath.
		Sihanouk, whose successor is due to be chosen on Thursday, said many republicans existed "in certain political parties" whose desires the royalists could accept for the sake of peace and stability if a majority of Cambodians supported them.
	www.boston.com /news/world/asia/articles/2004/10/12/abdication_secures_cambodian_peace__sihanouk (460 words)

	The Abdication of Nicholas II
		The bourgeois ministers in the Cabinet approved the abdication in favor of Mikhail, but Kerenski threatened to dispose the whole Cabinet with help of a workers' and soldiers' bataillon if this was to be the resolution.
		The English translation of the abdication manifesto of Nicholas II.
		the Tsar signs a manifesto of his abdication in favor of his son.
	www.histdoc.net /history/abdic.html (809 words)

	Chapter 10, Section 4- Government
		After the abdication of the TaQing emperor, his title of dignity is to be retained by the Republic of China with the courtesies which it is customary to accord to foreign monarchs.
		After the abdication of the TaQing emperor, the temples and mausoleums of the imperial family with their appropriate sacrificial rites shall be maintained in perpetuity.
		After the abdication of the TaQing emperor, he may, as a temporary measure, continue to reside in the Palace (in the Forbidden City), but afterwards he will remove himself to the Yi- Ho Park (the Summer Palace).
	www.ibiblio.org /chinesehistory/contents/c10s04.html (567 words)

	Guardian Century 1930-1939 King Edward renounces the throne
		The text of the Abdication Bill, formally read a first time in the House of Commons last night, was issued when the House adjourned.
		The phrase "Defender of the Faith," which is usually included in the King's titles, appears neither in the instrument of abdication nor in the bill.
		To-day the Act of Abdication will be passed by both Houses of Parliament, and to-night King Edward will give it the royal assent - his last act as King.
	www.guardiancentury.co.uk /1930-1939/Story/0,6051,127047,00.html (975 words)

	Churchill and the Abdication - The Churchill Centre
		He listened to the abdication broadcast of "His Royal Highness Prince Edward" while at Chartwell.
		The question is whether the King is to abdicate upon the advice of the Ministry of the day.
		Winston Churchill’s political fortunes were now quite bleak, but he quickly discovered that much of the country still shared his fear of events in Europe.
	www.winstonchurchill.org /i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=719 (1127 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - Tsar Nicholas II's Abdication Proclamation, 2 March 1917
		The Russian Tsar, Nicholas II, signed his enforced abdication (in favour of Grand Duke Mikhail, who effectively declined power) on 15 March 1917 (2 March in the Julian calendar) at 3.05 p.m.
		Click here to view a large-size copy of the abdication letter (opens in a new window).
		In the days of the great struggle against the foreign enemies, who for nearly three years have tried to enslave our fatherland, the Lord God has been pleased to send down on Russia a new heavy trial.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/nicholasiiabdication.htm (344 words)

	The abdication of King Edward VIII
		Because of the great need of the people for such a monarch, the abdication of Edward VIII in 1936—which appeared to be a crisis at the time—was actually beneficial to England, Britain and the Commonwealth.
		Edward VIII was bred, born and groomed to be king—to hold a position in which his every move and word would be noted and in which he was expected to overcome his personal desires for the good of his people and country.
		He was adamant that he would never give up the woman he loved and needed so much, even if it meant sacrificing the very position to which he had been born.
	ks.essortment.com /abdicationking_rosq.htm (1474 words)

	The Importance Of The Abdication Scene in Marlowe's Edward-II -- Essay at LiteratureClassics.com
		In the abdication scene Marlowe also tries to prove that a king is made of the sceptre and the crown and not of the person, for Marlowe shows that after the king is abdicated England flourishes.
		In the Abdication Scene he explicitly expresses his contempt against the doctrine of the 'Divine Right Of Kings', which stated that a rulers power is not subjected to secular limitation; the ruler is responsible only to God and derive the right to rule only from God.
		The Importance Of The Abdication Scene in Marlowe's Edward-II Marlowe, as appeared from his writings was totally against the divine right of the Kings.
	www.literatureclassics.com /essays/741 (1338 words)

	CBC News:Britain releases archives on Edward's abdication
		As the abdication crisis came to a head, the Canadian government indicated it was opposed to the King marrying a twice-divorced woman and keeping the throne.
		That set the scene for Edward's abdication on Dec. 10, 1936, one of the great traumas to rock Britain at the time.
		CBC News Morning's Harry Forestell talks with historian Andrew Roberts, who has seen the secret abdication papers.
	www.cbc.ca /stories/2003/01/30/abdication030130 (314 words)

	AP Worldstream: Cambodia's king vows to remain silent on abdication@ HighBeam Research
		On Wednesday, Hun Sen said there's no law allowing for abdication, and also warned that Cambodia could plunge into civil unrest if the king abandoned the...
		Cambodia's king vows to remain silent on abdication
		King Norodom Sihanouk said Thursday he would stop threatening to abdicate, after the prime minister warned the issue was affecting the country's stability.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:97329488&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (187 words)

	Documents reveal Edward’s struggle with his abdication
		The abdication created an international sensation and a constitutional crisis for Britain because Edward’s plans to wed were thought to conflict with the monarch’s position as head of the Church of England, which forbade divorce.
		Documents relating to the royal family routinely remained sealed for 100 years, but officials agreed in the 1990s that they should be made public after 30 years unless there was reason to keep them sealed longer.
		Edward’s younger brother succeeded as King George VI, and the disgraced former king and his new wife became the Duke and Duchess of Windsor, living mainly in France.
	www.showmenews.com /2003/Jan/20030130News010.asp (543 words)

	BBC News UK Abdication: The story so far...
		Upon abdication, Edward and Mrs Simpson were created the Duke and Duchess of Windsor and went to France in voluntary exile.
		He drafted the Instrument of Abdication - the legal document which enabled Edward to stand down.
		In his abdication speech, Edward said the decision was "his alone"
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/uk/662150.stm (869 words)

	Miracle On The Day Of The Abdication Of Tsar Nicholas II March 2, 1917
		Tsar Nicholas II The news of the revelation of the new icon on the day of the Tsar abdication of the Throne, on March 2, 1917- quickly spread through the neighboring vicinities, penetrating into Moscow, and started to spread throughout all of Russia.
		Evdokia Andrianova immediately clearly recalled and recognized her last dream vision, fell face downwards, and with tears began to ask to serve a moleben service (a supplication service) of gratification with an akathist to the Mother of God (this was a general akathist hymn to the Mother of God).
		A huge number of pilgrims started to accumulate in the village of Kolomskoye, and before the icon miracles of healing of both physical and mental infirmities were manifested, according to the witness of those had received this help.
	www.serfes.org /royal/miracle4.htm (1454 words)

	Ties with crown threatened by abdication scandal - smh.com.au
		In the month leading up to the abdication, Baldwin was well informed on the mood in Australia and was worried about dissent from MP Billy Hughes and reports the opposition Labor Party would remain loyal to the King even if he abdicated.
		He subtly pressured the Dominions to push for abdication and encouraged the prime ministers to directly express their opinions to the King on the three alternatives facing him.
		But on the eve of the King's abdication, then Australian prime minister Joseph Lyons had an apparent change of heart and urged him to stay on the throne.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2003/01/30/1043804465668.html (673 words)

	A citizens’ guide to the Health Protection Branch consultation
		HPB Transition is a smoke screen for an abdication of responsibility that will contribute to the preventable death of thousands more Canadians.
		HPB Transition is really about abdication of the duty to protect the public from hazardous food and health products.
		This abdication of responsibility can only succeed if the public lets the federal Liberal government get away with it.
	www.healthcoalition.ca /abdication.html (3352 words)

	BBC NEWS UK King's abdication appeal blocked
		Papers revealed at the Public Record Office show the King's planned broadcast in December 1936 was a critical turning point in the abdication crisis, with the then Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin rallying his government and the key members of the Empire against the monarch.
		Baldwin succeeded in blocking the broadcast and within days the machinery was in motion for the King to abdicate rather than win the public's support.
		I could not go on bearing the heavy burdens unless I could be strengthened in the task by a happy married life...
	news2.thdo.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/uk/2707489.stm (925 words)

	Napoleon Bonaparte Internet Guide - Bonaparte's abdication and journey to Elba
		A few days after his abdication, he walked in the garden of the Palace for two hours with Marshal Macdonald, and spoke of the new constitution, of what he considered its advantages and defects.
		During the period of residence at Fontainebleau, after his abdication, Bonaparte confined himself almost entirely to the library, alternately reading or conversing with Maret, Duke of Bassano, who was constantly with him.
		Sometimes he would come into the gallery and enter into conversation with the officers who were in attendance there, on the events of the day, and what the public prints said of him, admitting the truth of some observations, and denying others.
	www.napoleonbonaparte.nl /newspaper/albion2/firstabdication.html (5684 words)

	David Low and the 1936 Abdication Crisis by Dr Tim Benson
		In his book The Abdication of King Edward VIII which was published in 1966, two years after his death, Beaverbrook claimed that cartoons such as the two Low ones just described had been highly effective in undermining Baldwin’s honest-broker image.
		After his abdication, the King was heard to say to a personal friend: ‘I always thought I could get away with a morganatic marriage’.
		‘…I ought to have been stimulated when there arose in 1936 the domestic crisis which culminated in the abdication of King Edward the Eighth.
	www.politicalcartoon.co.uk /html/history17.htm (3098 words)

	Afghanistan Reform, Popular Reaction, and Forced Abdication - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System
		Most of his proposals, however, died with his abdication.
		His transforming social and educational reforms included: adopting the solar calendar, requiring Western dress in parts of Kabul and elsewhere, discouraging the veiling and seclusion of women, abolishing slavery and forced labor, introducing secular education (for girls as well as boys); adult education classes and educating nomads.
		In January 1929, Amanullah abdicated the throne to his oldest brother, Inayatullah, who ruled for only three days before escaping into exile in India.
	workmall.com /wfb2001/afghanistan/afghanistan_history_reform_popular_reaction_and_forced_abdication.html (596 words)

	CAMBODIA: Sihanouk's Abdication Catches Nation by Surprise
		Such a hint of possible turmoil following Sihanouk's abdication reveals his capacity to unify a country still struggling to come out of over two decades of war, civil strife and entrenched political rivalries.
		He began as king in the new Cambodia but abdicated in favour of his father soon after to run for the office of prime minister.
		The 82-year-old king's decision was revealed on the day he was due back in the country from China, where he has been in self-imposed exile since the beginning of the year.
	www.ipsnews.net /africa/interna.asp?idnews=25765 (929 words)

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