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Topic: Abkhasia

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	Danish Humanitarian Assistance - Caucasus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Georgians troops are defeated and the Georgian population flees from Abkhasia.
		Armenia, NK and Azerbaijan agree on a cease-fire.
		Abkhasia and Georgia agree on separation of forces and a CIS-peacekeeping force is installed.
	www.um.dk /Publikationer/Danida/English/Evaluations/DanishHumanitarianAssistanceVolume4/mevents.asp (558 words)

	Anjust Invasion of Chechen and Massacre of Chechen People
		Abkhasia has always been the land of Abkhas people throughout the history, Most of Abkhas people were exiled to the Ottoman Empire in the period following 1864.
		Though Abkhasia was in North Caucasia Federation established in 1918, it became a “confederative state” with equal position in Georgia when Soviet Union was established.
		Abkhasia Parliament rejected this change, and declaring their independence, the Parliament proposed discussions to Georgian government who replied this proposal with a military invasion.
	www.ozturkler.com /data_english/0007/0007_16_37.htm (1242 words)

	Danish Humanitarian Assistance - Caucasus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Following independence in 1991, havoc was wrought on this state, first in the form of armed uprisings in the secessionist areas of Abkhasia in the north-west and South Ossetia in the North.
		Secessionist fighting was replaced by a civil war in Georgia proper, resulting in the deposition of Ghamsakurdia and the consolidation in power, in 1995, of the current president, Eduard Shevardnadze, known in the West as one of the leading perestroika-architects under Gorbachov.
		The plight of some 300,000 displaced persons from Abkhasia and South Ossetia, mainly installed in public buildings in the Western part of Georgia and in Tblisi was aggravated by economic collapse, breakdown of infrastructure and civil war.
	www.um.dk /publikationer/Danida/English/Evaluations/DanishHumanitarianAssistanceVolume4/kap5.asp (7902 words)

	Abkhasia - LoveToKnow Watches (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		ABKHASIA, or Abhasia, a tract of Russian Caucasia, government of Kutais.
		The Caucasus mountains on the N. and N.E. divide it from Circassia; on the S.E. it is bounded by Mingrelia; and on the S.W. by the Black Sea.
		This page was last modified 12:16, 26 Jul 2006.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Abkhasia (183 words)

	History is an Old Man - David Musgrave
		The moon in Abkhasia is the oldest on earth, older by far than the high, disdainful polar moon, older than the shabby grey disk of the desert.
		We are driving down the steep winding road into Abkhasia from the pass at Akhytara in the north, Salma and I, on our way to her village.
		Abkhasia is older than memory, squeezed by Russia and Georgia almost into the palm-lined Black Sea.
	www.users.bigpond.com /davidmu/History_is_an_old_Man.htm (2797 words)

	Kutais - LoveToKnow Watches (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The mountains condense the moisture brought by the west winds, and the yearly amount of rain varies from So to 120 in.
		The chief rivers are the Rion, which enters the Black Sea at Poti; the Chorokh, which enters the same sea at Batum; and the Ingur, the Kodor and the Bzyb, also flowing into the Black Sea in Abkhasia.
		The vegetation is extremely rich, its character suggesting the sub-tropic regions of Japan (see CAUCASIA).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Kutais (485 words)

	Abkhasia Believes Georgia May Attack Any Time - Pravda.Ru
		Yesterday, speaking at a press conference in Moscow, Igor Akhba, the Plenipotentiary Representative of the Republic of Abkhasia in Russia, said, 'Georgia is preparing for a military operation in Abkhasia'.
		Georgian mass media have been disseminating rumours as to the alleged presence in Abkhasia of Vakhabites and other terrorist groups, which is far from being true.
		Akhba further said Abkhasia had no intention of relinquishing her independent status or joining Russia even if faced with a direct attack on the part of Georgia.
	english.pravda.ru /cis/2002/03/08/26879.html (466 words)

	Sniegoski -- The next war: Azerbaijan or Abkhasia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		But a pro-war ex-CIA acquaintance of mine, who does much traveling in the former Soviet republics for his consulting firm, tells me that Abkhasia is the next target, to be followed by Azerbaijan.
		Abkhasia gets little mention in the established media, but I have also been informed, by an expert in the field, that there is indeed talk about U.S./NATO intervention in Abkhasia — though apparently insiders are undecided on the issue.
		Abkhasia has seceded from Georgia and is aided by Russia.
	www.thornwalker.com /ditch/snieg0.htm (405 words)

	Operational Activities_Asia
		This was particularly the case in the Georgia-Abkhasia conflicts regarding Abkhasia's status, and between Armenia and Azerbaijan concerning the Nagorno Karabach enclave.
		The Refugee Council completed, in collaboration with an international group and local organizations, a number of projects based on the objective of increasing understanding between the parties in the conflict area.
		Independence wars in two Georgian conflict areas, Abkhasia and South Ossetia, have resulted in some 285 000 people in flight in their own country.
	www.nrc.no /annual_report_97/7.htm (2032 words)

	Georgia and Abkhazia, 1992-1993: the War of Datchas
		The coast between Sochi (today in Russia) and Suchumi, the capital of Abkhasia, is full of sea-side resorts and beautifull long sand-strands - as well as datachas of former Soviet politicians and high military officers.
		Situation in Abkhasia as of autumn and winter 1992-1993.
		By the end of the fighting, the whole Georgian population of Abkhasia - over 250.000 - was ethnically cleansed, leaving the self-proclaimed "independent state" in hands of barely 50.000 Abkhazians and several thousands of Soviet troops.
	www.acig.org /artman/publish/printer_282.shtml (5259 words)

	Sociology 8/e Chapter 15 -- GLOBAL SOCIOLOGY
		The anthropologist Sula Benet was sharing wine and conversation with a man in Tamish, a small village in the Republic of Abkhasia, once part of the Soviet Union.
		Elders are indispensable guardians of culture who preside at important ceremonial occasions where they transmit their knowledge to the young.
		In Abkhasia, in short, people look to the old, rather than the young, for decisions and guidance in everyday life.
	cwx.prenhall.com /bookbind/pubbooks/macionis7/chapter15/destinations5/deluxe-content.html (794 words)

	COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD CONSIDERS THE SECOND PERIODIC REPORT OF GEORGIA
		Nevena Vuckovic-Sahovic, the Committee Expert who acted as country rapporteur for the report of Georgia, said that the country was a relatively young State, struggling on its path to democracy and economic prosperity.
		The Committee was concerned about the difficulties Georgia had in exercising its jurisdiction with regard to the implementation of the Convention in those regions.
		The Government of Georgia was not able to exercise its jurisdiction on the territories of Abkhasia and South Ossetia, the delegation said.
	www.unog.ch /news2/documents/newsen/crc0337e.htm (2691 words)

	ulfekman.org
		In September, 1995 there came a cry for help from the Jews in the State of Abkhasia, a region at war with Georgia after its attempt at seeking to become an independent republic.
		The border to Russia was closed and the airport had not been used since the conflict began.
		When the m/s Restoration reached Abkhasia, there, at the harbour, stood the Minister for Foreign Affairs ready to welcome the ship.
	www.ulfekman.org /?n_section=20 (703 words)

	PRODUCTS
		The programme of psycho-social rehabilitation of Georgian IDPs from Abkhasia and South Ossetia is being implemented by the Foundation for the Development of Human Resources with the financial support of the Norvegian Refugee Council.
		A multifactorial social-psychological study of Georgian IDPs from Abkhasia and South Ossetia was carried out with the financial support of the Norwegian Refugee Council.
		The programme elaborated by the FDHR was aimed at the building of folk-diplomacy bridges between adolescents of confronting parties, overcoming of "enemy image" and the creation of mutually tolerant attitude.
	members.tripod.com /fdhr/main5.html (1931 words)

	How Much Do Hunzas, Vilcabambans, Georgians Cook their Food?
		discusses the considerable lengths Soviet medical research teams (studying the aged in Abkhasia) went to, to secure reliable age data, and the extensive efforts the census of the Soviet Union (1959) went to, to obtain reliable age data from elderly Abkhasians.
		Pears are commonly cooked to produce a thick syrup which is used as a sugar substitute.
		Abkhasia is a major wine producer, and grapes are a popular food.
	www.beyondveg.com /tu-j-l/raw-cooked/raw-cooked-3i.shtml (1498 words)

	International Vegetarian Union - Vegetarian Nutrition, Physical Activity and Athletic Performance
		Another example is based on observations made in 1970 by Sula Benet, a professor of anthropology, who reported on her visit to Abkhasia: Not long ago, in the village of Tanush in the Soviet Republic of Abkasia, I raised my glass of wine to toast a man who looked no more than 70.
		Overeating is considered dangerous in Abkhasia, and fat people are regarded as ill. The Abkhasion diet contains very little meat perhaps once or twice a week.
		In conclusion, from the many observations of physically active people of all kinds it is beyond doubt that vegetarian eating styles can adequately meet athletes nutritional needs and can successfully support vigorous training programs.
	ivu.org /congress/euro95/athletic.html (2850 words)

	What Is CEE?: Places: Georgia
		Though its citizens were some of the most highly educated in the U.S.S.R., Georgia has struggled economically more with the onset of democracy than any other former Soviet republic.
		Fortunately the economy has somewhat recovered with increased political stability; however, separatist movements (in Abkhasia) and gang warfare remain major problems.
		Despite seven decades of Communist rule, Georgians have continued religious practices as religion is considered an integral part of the culture.
	www.hope4cee.org /Georgia (339 words)

	Caucasian Chaos
		Gamsikurdia refused to resign and replied that he had won the largest plurality of the vote, and a crucial part of democracy was the ability to accept defeat.
		By September 1990 two districts (Abkhasia and Osessia" sought to break with the Gamsikurdia government.
		The scramble for weapons began, and slightly more than a year later chaos reigned.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/international_trade_politics/84159 (389 words)

	Abkhasia info here at en.bottom-email.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Kosovo: The Plot Thickens Jatras also rejects suggestions that Russia may agree to Kosovoâs independence because it stands to gain by invoking that precedent for its own purposes in S. Ossetia, Abkhasia, Transdnistria, Nagorno-Karabakh, and other unrecognized...
		The Ottomans were pushed out by the Georgians, who established an autonomous Principality of Abkhazia (abxazetis samtavro in Georgian), ruled by the Shervashidze dynasty (aka Sharvashidze, or Chachba).
		Abkhasia Abkhazia within the Russian Empire and Soviet Union
	en.bottom-email.info /affirmative-action-court-cases/Abkhasia (4115 words)

	ISIS - Black Sea Basin Regional Profile. No. 11, July - September 2001. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		A 300-strong Chechen and Georgian armed unit increased the tensions in the rebel republic of Abkhasia on 25-26 August, leading to high alert in the Russian military base in the republic and in Georgia.
		Shevardnadze declared his readiness to visit Sukhumi, the capital of Abkhasia, and talk about the peaceful resolution of the Georgian-Abkhasian conflict in the context of a single state.
		The Georgian president said the conflict was a time-bomb for Georgia, Abkhasia and Russia that had to be defused.
	www.isn.ethz.ch /isis/Research_Studies/Black_Sea_Basin_Regional_Profile/BlackSea2001_11-09.htm (4720 words)

	Other Disasters - Armenia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Shown above is "Abkhasia" (1930s) of the same class as "Armenia".
		The "Abkhasia" also served in Black Sea during WWII as ambulance transport, and later as military transport and was sunk by bombers in Sevastopol on 10.06.1942.
		Photo of one of this class ships in Sevastopol in 1941/42, when Sevastopol was under siege.
	www.compunews.com /gus/armenia.htm (145 words)

	Independent North Caucasia Federation and USSR Period (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		When we came to 1991, Soviet Union had federal structure in North Caucasia with autonomous countries such as Abkhasia Autonomous Republic, Karachay-Circassian Autonomous Republic, Agidea Autonomous Republic, Özerk Cumhuriyeti, North Ossetia Autonomous Republic, South Ossetia Autonomous Region, Chechen-Inghush Autonomous Republic, and Daghestan Autonomous Republic.
		After the collapse of Soviet Union, Abkhasia Autonomous Republic and South Ossetia Autonomous Region were left to Georgia.
		Including “Abkhasia Autonomous Republic” and “Acara Autonomous Republic” when it gained its independence, Georgia is a “federative state” in legal respect and should accept this.
	www.ozturkler.com /data_english/0007/0007_16_36.htm (212 words)

	The VVA Veteran (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Most were Georgian veterans and victims of the war in Afghanistan and the civil war with the breakaway province of Abkhasia.
		On the fourth day, a delegation of thirty internally displaced persons (IDPs) from Abkhasia shared some of their struggles and hopes.
		These IDPs were Georgian citizens who lived in Abkhasia prior to the civil war and were forced out of their homeland after Abkhasia broke off relations with Georgia.
	www.vva.org /TheVeteran/2001_05/millenium.htm (1129 words)

	The Voice of Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Speaking at a news conference in Moscow, Colonel-General Georgi Shpak, commander of the country's para-troops, gave much attention to Russia's peace-keeping operation in Abkhasia, Bosnia and Kosovo.
		One and a half thousand para-troopers are in Abkhasia, on the Black seashore of the Caucasus, 1350 are in Bosnia and two and a half thousand para-troopers will be include into the 3616 strong peace-keeping contingent in Kosovo.
		When speaking about Russia's peace-keeping mission in the Serbian province, general Georgi Shpak stressed that the Russians have kept their autonomy.
	www.vor.ru /Kosovo/KFOR2.html (415 words)

	Sociology, 2/e Chapter 5 -- Video Clips
		How is the war-like conditions in Abkhasia affecting its citizen’s pattern of socialization?
		Under "normal" conditions and considering the different agents of socialization and how they are interdependent, which one agent do you believe is the most important for both the individual and society?
		How about in Abkhasia today - which one agent do you believe is the most important for both the individual and society?
	cwx.prenhall.com /bookbind/pubbooks/lindsey3/chapter5/essay5/deluxe-content.html (155 words)

	Karl Kautsky: Georgia (Chap.12)
		Some Armenians on the southern border had given the signal, and then the rebellion spread to Signakh, which lies in the east of Georgia, towards Azerbaijan.
		Simultaneously, Abkhasia had risen in the extreme north-west, close to the Russian border.
		It is a remarkable fact that the rebellions broke out precisely in those places, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Abkhasia, where large and constantly increasing masses of Russian troops had been quartered since November.
	www.marxists.org /archive/kautsky/1921/georgia/ch08.htm (839 words)

	Tarkil Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Abkhasia is a heavenly place with a unique environment combining sea landscape, humid subtropics and snowy mountains.
		After two years of war we can assess the level of damage to flora and fauna of the area.
		Women of Abkhasia call all public and political organizations to support their efforts in restoration of the environment of the area.
	www.earlham.edu /~wellingh/wpea/tarkil.html (149 words)

	RIA Novosti - Russia - Moscow highlights trilateral project on railway transit through Abkhasia
		MOSCOW, August 12 (RIA Novosti) - Russia welcomes the launch of a Sochi-Tbilisi railroad project, and calls for a compromise between Georgia and Abkazia, a Foreign Ministry spokesman said.
		"At the same time, Moscow was disappointed to find out that Georgian railway officials had suspended their delegation's trip at the last minute, due to Georgian and Abkhazian authorities disagreeing on which individuals should represent Georgia at the talks," the statement said, adding that Georgian authorities have unreasonably, in Russia's opinion, blamed Abkhasia for this.
		The Russian Foreign Ministry asks (primarily Georgia) for a compromise, to avoid linking such a major economic project with political ambitions, the statement said.
	en.rian.ru /russia/20050812/41147239.html (329 words)

	Dave's Garden Newsletter for June 30
		Of or from Abkhasia (a region of the Caucasus); also spelled abchasica
		Of or from Abkhasia (a region of the Caucasus); also spelled abchasicum
		Of or from Abkhasia (a region of the Caucasus); also spelled abchasicus
	davesgarden.com /nl.php?date=2003-06-30 (258 words)

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