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Topic: Abolition of slavery

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	Slavery - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Slavery is a condition of control over a person, known as a slave, that can be enforced by violence or other forms of coercion against his or her will.
		Slavery in the ancient Mediterranean cultures and the Islamic Caliphate was a mixture of debt-slavery, marriage, slavery as a punishment for crime, and the enslavement of prisoners of war.
		Slavery in Japan was, for most of its history, endogenous, since the export and import of slaves was restricted by the fact of Japan being a group of islands.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Slavery (5865 words)

	Conflict of Abolition and Slavery: The African-American Mosaic (Library of Congress Exhibition)
		Abolition >> Prominent Abolitionists -- Abolition and Slavery
		One was the tree of slavery, planted at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619; the other, planted by the Pilgrims at Plymouth in 1620, was the tree of liberty.
		Abolition Celebration in Washington, D.C. On April 19, 1866, the African-American citizens of Washington, D.C., celebrated the abolition of slavery.
	www.loc.gov /exhibits/african/afam007.html (727 words)

	Abolition of slavery in the United States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Whilst slavery was gradually reduced in the northern states, the determination of the southern states to oppose emancipation led to the Civil War of 1861 - 65.
		Despite the abolition of the slave trade by several European states in the early years of the 19th century and the subsequent attempts to suppress it, illegal slaving continued until the 1870s.
		Slavery was abolished in British Caribbean colonies from 1834, though slaves were forced to undertake a further 4 year period of apprenticeship before they were finally freed.
	www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk /maritime/slavery/abolition_americas.asp (474 words)

	Encyclopedia: Slavery Abolition Act
		The Slavery Abolition Act was an 1833 act of the British Parliament abolishing slavery throughout the British Empire.
		With the abolishment of slavery, the planters were not as profitable and many plantations were shut down at alarming rate.
		Although slavery is abolished, inhumane acts, racism, child labor, discrimination and crimes against humanity continues throughout the world where the resources of defenceless countries in Africa, the Middle East and their people are being invaded and attacked by the powerful nations and corporations to seize resources and to control wealth that belongs to other nations.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Slavery-Abolition-Act (856 words)

	Stepney Notes:The Abolition of Slavery
		The abolition of slavery was one of the great issues of the 19th century.
		For two hundred years or so, there was some disquiet about the institution of slavery but it was only around 1800 when William Wilberforce, close friend of Pitt the Younger, became the leader of the cause and rallied support to views which were then becoming more widely accepted in other countries too.
		With the abolition of slavery (1833) most of the 15,000 freed were to be found in East London.
	website.lineone.net /~fight/Stepney/abolitio.htm (208 words)

	PHMC Doc Heritage: An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Expressing similar sentiments is the "Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery" passed by the Pennsylvania Assembly in 1780.
		When released from slavery, they were to receive the same freedom dues and other privileges "such as tools of their trade," as servants bound by indenture for four years.
		Pennsylvania's Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery was the most conservative of the laws emancipating slaves that were passed in northern states between 1780 and 1804.
	www.docheritage.state.pa.us /documents/slaveryabolition.asp (851 words)

	Abolition of Slavery in Madagascar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Politics in the island between the 16th and 18th century were characterized by a rift caused by competing kingdoms, and rivalry frequently erupted in battle and subsequently many war-victims were integrated into the economies of the diverse kingdoms as slaves.
		During a Congress entitled: "Abolition of Slavery in Madagascar" (Antananarivo, 24-28 September 1996), organized by scholars of the University of Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa, Tamatave, and Tuléar, Madagascar specialists will have the opportunity to discuss the role of Madagascar in the international slave trade and the meaning of slavery in the Malagasy context.
		The two main aims of the congress are: to build up the knowledge of the role of slavery in Malagasy history and the form which it took; to break the taboo about publicly discussing the implications of the slavery period for current interhuman relations in Madagascar.
	iias.leidenuniv.nl /iiasn/iiasn7/iswa/slavery.html (308 words)

	Slavery Abolition Act 1833 (UK)
		The common law of England did not recognize anyone as a slave (although in Scotland, which does not have the common law, bondage still existed until the late eighteenth century, when it was abolished by legislation).
		Slavery, however, existed in a number of British colonies, principally in the West Indies.
		The Slavery Abolition Bill 1833 was passed by the House of Commons and by the House of Lords.
	www.anti-slaverysociety.addr.com /huk-1833act.htm (421 words)

	WHKMLA : Mid 19th Century - Abolition of Slavery
		Slavery was abolished in Spain and her colonies (except Cuba, where the abolition could not be enforced due to the resistance of the local plantation owners) in 1811.
		The British Parliament abolished slavery in 1834, compensating the former owners for their loss and requiring the liberated slaves to stay on the plantations, as paid workers, for another 10 years.
		Sweden abolished slavery in 1843, Denmark in 1848.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/period/m19/abolition.html (310 words)

	Christianity and slavery
		They did not view slavery as a sin; their leaders were able to quote many Biblical passages in support of slavery.
		A return to slavery is still advocated in North America by some Reconstructionist Christians and a few racist fringe groups within the Christian Identity movement.
		Slavery continues in two Muslim countries, although its existence is denied by the two governments.
	www.religioustolerance.org /chr_slav2.htm (2040 words)

	[No title]
		The causes of slavery and antislavery sentiments in Britain are often tied to the rising and falling fortunes of the economic profitability of slavery.
		In 1783 the Quakers' petition to Parliament for the abolition of the slave trade led to an outbreak of anti-slavery propaganda.
		Although the bill for the abolition of the slave trade was twenty years away and total abolition of slavery forty five, by the 1780s the British people were no longer in favor of pursuing wealth in this manner.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Aegean/7023/Caribbean.htm (5765 words)

	H-Net - H-Albion Discussion Network
		Abolition is usually used to refer to the abolition of the slave trade, while emancipation is used to refer to the ending of slavery itself.
		It was my understanding that slavery was illegal in England after the middle ages -- please correct me, because it's a standard rap when discussing the introduction of slave codes in Virginia in the 1600s (borrowing from Barbados, borrowing from the nearby French and Dutch colonies, because it wasn't in British law).
		In America, at least, the difference between emancipation and abolition can be seen in a typical state law -- Pennsylvania's, the first antislavery law in the U.S., in the 1780s -- the law made it illegal to PURCHASE slaves, but did not immediately free those slaves in current bondage.
	www.h-net.org /~albion/threads/misc-slavery.html (933 words)

	USCWC -- Abolition and Slavery
		Noah's Curse and the Southern Defense of Slavery
		Pennsylvania's Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery
		Slavery and the Civil War, as Viewed by the Churches of God
	www.cwc.lsu.edu /cwc/links/slave.htm (428 words)

	Abolition of Slavery - History of Cuba (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In 1880, four years after the whimpering end of The Ten Year War, the Spanish Cortes approved the abolition law, which provided for an eight-year period of patronato (tutelage) for all slaves liberated according to the law.
		This only amounted to indentured servitude as slaves were required to spend those eight years working for their masters at no charge.
		On October 7, 1886, slavery was finally abolished in Cuba by a royal decree that also made the patronato illegal.
	www.historyofcuba.com /history/funfacts/slavery.htm (125 words)

	ON THE ABOLITION OF SLAVERY
		Nor did they hesitate to assert that the slave class was very inferior to the freemen both in intelligence and perfection of bodily development, and therefore that slaves, as things wanting in reason and sense, ought in all things to be the instruments of the will, however rash and unworthy, of their masters.
		By that means they were lifted out of the slough and the distress of slavery, and recalled and brought back from the terrible bondage of sin to their high dignity as the sons of God.
		It is, however, chiefly to be wished that this may be prosperously accomplished, which all desire, that slavery may be banished and blotted out without any injury to divine or human rights, with no political agitation, and so with the solid benefit of the slaves themselves, for whose sake it is undertaken.
	www.cfpeople.org /Apologetics/page51a004.html (3207 words)

	Abolition: The African-American Mosaic (Library of Congress Exhibition)
		For example, the charter of Georgia prohibited slavery, and many of its settlers fought a losing battle against allowing it in the colony, Before independence, Quakers, most fl Christians, and other religious groups argued that slavery was incompatible with Christ's teaching.
		Although the economic center of slavery was in the South, northerners also held slaves, as did African Americans and Native Americans.
		On January 1, 1794, delegates from the abolition societies of Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland met in Philadelphia, a stronghold of the anti-slavery Quaker religion.
	www.loc.gov /exhibits/african/afam005.html (1558 words)

	African American Odyssey: Abolition, Anti-Slavery Movements, and the Rise of the Sectional Controversy (Part 1)
		Benjamin Lay, a Quaker who saw slavery as a "notorious sin," addresses this 1737 volume to those who "pretend to lay claim to the pure and holy Christian religion." Although some Quakers held slaves, no religious group was more outspoken against slavery from the seventeenth century until slavery's demise.
		In this printed version of his 1791 sermon to a local anti-slavery group, he notes the progress toward abolition in the North and predicts that through vigilant efforts slavery would be extinguished in the next fifty years.
		Jonathan Edwards, D.D. The Injustice and Impolicy of the Slave Trade and of the Slavery of Africans.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aopart3.html (1430 words)

	Our Documents - 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Abolition of Slavery (1865)
		The 13th amendment, which formally abolished slavery in the United States, passed the Senate on April 8, 1864, and the House on January 31, 1865.
		The 13th amendment was passed at the end of the Civil War before the Southern states had been restored to the Union and should have easily passed the Congress.
		The 13th amendment, along with the 14th and 15th, is one of the trio of Civil War amendments that greatly expanded the civil rights of Americans.
	www.ourdocuments.gov /doc.php?flash=true&doc=40 (432 words)

	The Anti-Slavery Campaign in Britain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Quakers had set up a committee of their own in 1783 in order to obtain and publish "such information as may tend to the abolition of the slave trade." Two other members of the committee were Thomas Clarkson and Granville Sharp.
		Lord Mansfield ruled in favor of Somerset on the grounds that slavery "is so odious that nothing can be suffered to support it but positive law." There being no such law in England, "the fl must be discharged." This decision freed an estimated 15,000 Africans then held as slaves in England.
		In 1793 Britain went to war against the French following the French Revolution and the cause of the slave-traders appeared to be a patriotic cause: the trade was seen as the "nursery of seamen." Abolition of the trade was postponed although Wilberforce regularly continued to propose legislation for abolition.
	www.victorianweb.org /history/antislavery.html (1186 words)

	Anti-Slavery - Anti-Slavery - History
		This broad-based society was at the forefront of the movements to abolish the slave trade (achieved in Britain in 1807) as well as slavery throughout the British colonies (achieved in 1833).
		A year later the abolition campaign was expanded and the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society was formed on 17 April 1839, declaring its commitment to abolishing slavery throughout the world.
		The Anti-Slavery and Aborigines' Protection Society played a key role in campaigning for and drafting the 1926 Convention on the Abolition of Slavery and the 1956 Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery.
	www.antislavery.org /homepage/antislavery/history.htm (369 words)

	Reader's Companion to American History - -ABOLITIONIST MOVEMENT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Their propounding of these goals distinguished abolitionists from the broad-based political opposition to slavery's westward expansion that took form in the North after 1840 and raised issues leading to the Civil War.
		In December 1833, the Tappans, Garrison, and sixty other delegates of both races and genders met in Philadelphia to found the American Anti-Slavery Society, which denounced slavery as a sin that must be abolished immediately, endorsed nonviolence, and condemned racial prejudice.
		By 1840 Garrison and his followers were convinced that since slavery's influence had corrupted all of society, a revolutionary change in America's spiritual values was required to achieve emancipation.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_000300_abolitionist.htm (1020 words)

	Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to ...
		Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery, 226 U.N.T.S. 3, entered into force April 30, 1957.
		Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery, 226 U.N.T.S. entered into force April 30, 1957.
		(a) "Slavery" means, as defined in the Slavery Convention of 1926, the status or condition of a person over whom any or all of the powers attaching to the right of ownership are exercised, and "slave" means a person in such condition or status;
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/instree/f3scas.htm (1395 words)

	Nineteenth Century in Print, Books: Special Presentation- Slavery and Abolition
		The depth and tenacity of white Southerners' commitment to slavery in the face of Northerners' mounting moral and political opposition led finally to secession and war.
		Charles Elliott, Sinfulness of American Slavery: Proved from Its Evil Sources; Its Injustice; Its Wrongs; Its Contrariety to Many Scriptural Commands, Prohibitions, and Principles, and to the Christian Spirit; and from Its Evil Effects; Together with Observations on Emancipation, and the Duties of American Citizens in Regard to Slavery Volume 1 and Volume 2 (1850).
		William A. Smith, Lectures on the Philosophy and Practice of Slavery, As Exhibited in the Institution of Domestic Slavery in the United States: With the Duties of Masters to Slaves (1856).
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/ndlpcoop/moahtml/mncspslavery.html (642 words)

	Abolition of Slavery
		It received the Royal Assent (which means it became law) on 29 August 1833 and came into force on 1 August 1834.
		Subsequently, section 1 of 5 & 6 Vict c 101 was enacted which prohibited certain officers of The Honourable East India Company from being involved in the purchase of slaves, but it did not actually abolish slavery in India.
		It was the provisions of the Indian Penal Code 1860 which effectively abolished slavery in India by making the enslavement of human beings a criminal offence.
	www.indhistory.com /abolition-of-slavery.html (375 words)

	The Avalon Project : Pennsylvania - An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery.
		The Avalon Project : Pennsylvania - An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery.
		An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery.
		It is not for us to enquire why, in the creation of mankind, the inhabitants of the feveral parts of the earth were diftinguifhed by a difference in feature or complexion.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/states/statutes/pennst01.htm (176 words)

	International Day for the Abolition of Slavery - 2 December
		The International Day for the Abolition of Slavery, 2 December, recalls the date of the adoption, by the General Assembly, of the United Nations Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others (resolution 317 (IV) of 2 December 1949).
		By resolution 57/195 of 18 December 2002, the Assembly proclaimed 2004 the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition.
		Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery (1956)
	www.un.org /depts/dhl/slavery (319 words)

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