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	Battle of the Nile - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of the Nile, known in France as the Battle of Aboukir Bay, was an important naval battle of the French Revolutionary Wars between a British fleet commanded by Rear-Admiral Horatio Nelson and a French fleet under Vice-Admiral François-Paul Brueys D'Aigalliers.
		The French were at anchor in Abū Qīr Bay, in shallow water near a shoal, less than 4 fathoms (8 m) deep.
		The whole bay was covered with dead bodies, mangled, wounded, and scorched, not a bit of clothes on them except their trousers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Aboukir_Bay (1904 words)

	Abu Qir - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Abū Qīr (Arabic أبو قير) (also Abukir or Aboukir) is a village on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt, 23 kilometers (14.5 miles) northeast of Alexandria by rail, containing a castle used as a state prison by Muhammad Ali of Egypt.
		Stretching eastward as far as the Rosetta mouth of the Nile is the spacious Abu Qir Bay (Khalīj Abū Qīr), where on 1 August 1798, Horatio Nelson fought the Battle of the Nile, often referred to as the "Battle of Aboukir Bay".
		The latter title is applied more properly to an engagement between the French expeditionary army and the Turks fought on 25 July 1799.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aboukir (246 words)

	200 Hundred Year Aniversery of Aboukir Bay
		In the afternoon of August 1st, Nelson found the French Naval squadron at Aboukir Bay (at the Canopus mouth of the Nile).
		Aboukir Bay was protected on the west by a shoal that had enough overhang to the north to cover over a thousand yards of the bay from the north as well.
		Several of the French ships captured at Aboukir Bay were repaired and served in the Royal Navy.
	www.drizzle.com /~robertaw/hh_200_years.html (821 words)

	Probert Encyclopaedia: Battles (1700-1799) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Battle of Aboukir Bay, also known as the Battle of the Nile, was a naval battle during the Napoleonic Wars between Great Britain and France, in which Admiral Horatio Nelson defeated Napoleon Bonaparte's fleet at the Egyptian seaport of Aboukir on the 1st of August 1798.
		The British occupied Portsmouth on the James River south of Chesapeake Bay in America, the French having a squadron at Newport, Rhode Island.
		The Battle of Vigo Bay occurred in 1702 and saw the French fleet under Admiral Chateau-Renault attacked and defeated by a combined English and Dutch force under Sir G Rooke and Admiral Van Almonde.
	www.probertencyclopaedia.com /FB6.HTM (2638 words)

	ABOUKIR - LoveToKnow Article on ABOUKIR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Stretching eastward as far as the Rosetta mouth of the Nile is the spacious bay of Aboukir, where on the ist of August 1798 Nelson fought the battle of the Nile, often referred to as the battle of Aboukir.
		The latter title is applied more properly to an engagement between the French-expeditionary army and the Turks fought on the 25th of July 1799.
		Near Aboukir, on the 8th of March 1801, the British army commanded by Sir R. Abercromby landed from its transports in the face of a strenuous opposition from a French force entrenched on the beach.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AB/ABOUKIR.htm (180 words)

	Battle of Aboukir Bay
		When Nelson shattered the French fleet in the Bay of Aboukir he foresaw, as his despatches showed, that the army of Bonaparte was land-locked.
		In March 1801, Abercromby with Smith of Acre, and Moore, afterwards of Corunna, was prepared to disembark on the shore affronting the castle of Aboukir.
		After the heroic landing of the English at Aboukir, the decisive defeat of the French defenders, and their scurry back to their stronghold at Alexandria, Sir Ralph Abercromby's crowning effort of his life as a soldier had to be put forth.
	www.military-art.com /var143.htm (1443 words)

	Amphibious Warfare: Nineteenth Century
		Abercromby decided to land on the beach at Aboukir Bay so that he could capture the nearby port of Alexandria.
		The shallow water of the bay forced the fleet to stand off five miles out, so there would be little gunfire support, other than some mortar boats and light gunboats that would suppress the fire of a small blockhouse near the left flank.
		The success of the landing at Aboukir Bay was due to the careful planning, preparation, and rehearsal beforehand.
	www.exwar.org /Htm/8000PopB1.htm (663 words)

	A Confederate Soldier in Egypt: Part I, Chapter II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Before the construction of the railroad, the beautiful bay of Aboukir was a delightful half-way station at which to take a day's rest.
		I often visited the bay and the site of the ancient city of Canopus, picturesquely situated on the tongue of land between the sea and the bay.
		It was in this beautiful bay that Nelson achieved his naval triumph in 1798 (battle of the Nile) in the destruction of the French fleet under Brueix.
	home.earthlink.net /~atomic_rom/soldier/csie1c2.htm (2783 words)

	Battle of the Nile
		Admiral Nelson had a force of 14 ships, he divided his fleet into two, sailed one half of his fleet into the bay of Aboukir between the French and the shoreline, while the 2nd half of his fleet sailed the other side of the French line.
		Aboukir Bay is East of Alexandria in Egypt.
		On the 1st August 1798, thirteen French ships of the line sate at anchor in Aboukir bay off the coast of Alexandria Egypt, in support of Napoleon who was inland with his troops attempting to conquer the country.
	www.war-art.com /new_page_31.htm (1619 words)

	Nelsons Island (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Dr Gallo’s exciting news was that during excavations of ancient structures on Nelson’s Island, Aboukir Bay, Egypt he had discovered some artefacts, graffiti and burials that he believed related to the British occupation of the island from shortly after the Battle of the Nile in August 1798 to Keith’s and Abercrombie’s landings in March 1801.
		Nelson’s Island lies approximately 20 kilometres east of the Egyptian port of Alexandria, four kilometres north of Cape Aboukir and guards the northern approach of Aboukir Bay, which is the western part of the Nile Delta.
		In antiquity Aboukir Bay provided one of the primary commercial routes leading into the Nile River and consequently became a major commercial and religious centre.
	www.nelson-society.org.uk /html/body_nelsons_island.htm (1277 words)

	Sailing ships of the Royal Navy A1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		ABOUKIR and ORION, detached to co-operate with the Russians, now allies since France and Russia had been at war from 19 March, passed through the Belt on 10 June and arrived off Danzig, still in French hands, on the 20th.
		On the 8 April they attempted a landing at Port Andro, a sandy bay near Locmaria point in the south of the island under cover of fire from ACHILLES and DRAGON, but the army was unable to force the enemy line and lost 500, killed, wounded and taken prisoner.
		ADDER arrived at Plymouth in the spring of 1814 a victim of the gales in the Bay of Biscay.
	www.cronab.demon.co.uk /A1.HTM (21538 words)

	Nile, Battle of the (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		also called BATTLE OF ABOUKIR BAY, Aboukir also spelled ABUKIR (Aug. 1, 1798), battle that was one of the greatest victories of the British admiral Horatio Nelson.
		It was fought between the British and French fleets in Abu Qir Bay, near Alexandria, Egypt.
		Several of the British warships were able to maneuver around the head of the French line of battle and thus got inside and behind their position.
	www.geocities.com /Area51/8946/nile.htm (446 words)

	Abu Qir Bay -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The bay was the scene of the Battle of the Nile (1798), in which an English fleet under Rear Admiral Sir Horatio Nelson defeated the Napoleonic fleet.
		The area of Hudson Bay proper is 316,000 square miles (818,000 square kilometers), and its deepest point is 846 feet (258 meters).
		The bay is about 193 miles (311 kilometers) long, extending northward along the coast from Virginia to Maryland.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9003431?tocId=9003431 (836 words)

	Science Notes 2001: The Sunken Cities of Egypt
		The crack or trench was in the clayey ground of the bay, but was totally filled with sand.
		He suspects that the strong currents of a river in full flood caused the devastation in the Bay of Aboukir.
		If his samples from the bottom of the bay contain plants and animals that live in freshwater, he will know the muds came from the river.
	scicom.ucsc.edu /SciNotes/0101/egypt.html (3584 words)

	EXN.ca \| Discovery
		Coins dating back to the reign of Louis XIV were among the treasures found in Aboukir Bay.
		In 1798, Napoleon Bonaparte was on a mission to strike at the British Empire by attacking Egypt, cutting off British trade routes and threatening her hold on India.
		Late in July, further news of the French fleet's whereabouts was received and Nelson finally spotted the French anchored in Aboukir Bay, east of Alexandria, just before sunset on August 1.
	www.exn.ca /stories/1999/07/28/51.asp (825 words)

	Royal Navy: The Battle of the Nile at Aboukir Bay 1798
		The Battle of the Nile at Aboukir Bay 1798
		It was a risky venture since the Home Fleet was left without a reserve but the government hoped a victory would cause Austria to declare war on France.
		The French position in Aboukir Bay appeared a very strong one with the ships anchored parallel to the shore.
	www.royal-navy.mod.uk /static/pages/3535.html (442 words)

	Battle_of_the_Nile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Battle of the Nile, also known as the Battle of Aboukir Bay, was an important naval battle of the French Revolutionary Wars between a British fleet commanded by Rear-Admiral Horatio Nelson and a French fleet under Vice-Admiral François-Paul Brueys D'Aigalliers.
		It is also well known for literary reasons: Felicia D. Hemans' poem "Casabianca_(poem)" (often known better by its first line, "The boy stood on the burning deck") is about the son of Luc-Julien-Joseph Casabianca, who died in the explosion of the French flagship L'Orient during this battle.
		Map of ship positions and movements during the Battle of Aboukir Bay, August 1–August 2, 1798.
	www.freecaviar.com /search.php?title=Battle_of_the_Nile (991 words)

	BBC - History - Women in Nelson's Navy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Out of every 100 men, three soldiers were allowed to bring their wives, which meant that there were at least 360 women in the fleet, as well as their children.
		After the successful landing in Aboukir Bay, many of the troopships were turned into hospital ships, and although some of the women and children left to join the army now camped ashore, many stayed on board ship, and volunteered to act as nurses to the sick and wounded.
		However, the nurses who attended the sick and wounded at these establishments had quite a bad reputation, and were continually being sacked for prostitution, drunkenness and helping the sailors desert.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/war/trafalgar_waterloo/women_nelson_navy_04.shtml (349 words)

	CM_site_insidepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		One of the greatest man-made explosions of its time reverberated across Aboukir Bay near Alexandria, Egypt, around 10.30 on the night of August 1, 1798.
		Now 18 marine archaeologists, under the direction of French underwater explorer Franck Goddio, have discovered the remains of the mighty fleet that was ripped apart on that fateful August night and confirmed the reasons for Nelson's unsurpassed victory.
		In late June 1798, Napoleon, backed by 365 ships and 50,000 soldiers, had landed at Aboukir Bay, invaded Egypt, taken Alexandria and marched to Cairo where he defeated an army a third larger than his own.
	ink.news.com.au /classmate/takchall/Ageofsail/tkcharc_ageofsail_nile.html (1067 words)

	Nelson's Monument
		Detailed and up-to-date charts of Aboukir Bay were not available and Brueys' eventual line of battle - strictly, since his fleet was static, of defence in respect of Napoleon's military landings - left gaps at either end of his congregation of ships in Aboukir Bay around which the British boldly slipped.
		To add to the significance of Aboukir Bay, in Ireland, as it happens, there was some dismay amongst insurrectionists that Napoleon had chosen not to throw any weight behind action there and, instead, to fight in Egypt.
		As regards a suitable commemoration of his victory at Aboukir, it was not until 1814, coincidental on Pellew's elevation as Lord Exmouth, that a proposition was made by the Honourable John Wodehouse, seconded by Thomas Coke (of Holkham, Norfolk) to erect a column at Great Yarmouth, the Norfolk sea-port.
	www.mustrad.org.uk /articles/nelson.htm (7070 words)

	Underwater Archaeology
		Also discovered within the bay, Aboukir bay, seven masonry jetties, length varying from 100 to 250ms, width from 4 to 6 ms and one meter height.
		In 1960, Kamal Aboul Saadat, the famous diver undertook the responsibility of exploring Aboukir bay and the eastern harbor of Alexandria.
		L'Orient was lying 8kms far from Aboukir coast at a depth of 11ms.
	guardians.net /sca/underwater_archaeology.htm (944 words)

	Nelson's victory at the Battle of the Nile (Aboukir Bay) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Nelson's victory at the Battle of the Nile (Aboukir Bay)
		Brueys' fleet was left at anchor at Aboukir Bay, his flagship L'Orient being too big to enter Alexandria harbour, and had been there for three weeks when finally Nelson found it on July 29th.
		While the two fleets were matched in numbers, Brueys had a slight edge in size: Nelson had thirteen 74-gun ships and the 50-gun Leander, while Brueys' flagship mounted 120 guns and he had two 80- gun vessels as well as nine 74s, plus four frigates, two sloops and three bomb vessels.
	www.cleverley.org /navy/nilebattle.html (1215 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| The Guardian \| Nelson's Nile heroes unearthed
		The remains of a British seaman killed in Aboukir bay.
		Colin White, a naval historian, said: "The discovery will throw a new light on an unknown part of the Battle of the Nile as well as the 1801 landing in Egypt, which really is one of the most important and successful amphibious operations the Royal Navy has ever mounted on a hostile coast."
		Last week Nick Slope, the vice-chairman of the London-based Nelson Society, arrived on the island, which guards the northern approach to Aboukir bay, the site of both clashes.
	www.guardian.co.uk /uk_news/story/0,3604,820361,00.html (359 words)

	The Gordon Highlanders: Personal Insights
		On the forenoon of the 2d March, we cast anchor in Aboukir Bay, the place where the battle of the Nile was fought.
		The bay was shallow, and the ships which contained the troops being in general of a large size, had to anchor at a considerable distance from the shore.
		The bulk of the enemy's field artillery was in the flat ground...As soon as the boats were within reach of their shot, they opened fire on them; and it appeared to be their design, to make their shot cross the boats in the centre.
	www.bydand.com /letters.htm (3019 words)

	The Deep Gives Up Secrets of Ancient Egypt
		The ruins of the two cities lay virtually undisturbed 30 feet beneath the surface of the bay, covered by three feet of silt and sand until a French underwater archaeologist named Franck Goddio first began probing their stones and recovering their gold nearly five years ago.
		Now into far more serious scientific ventures, Goddio has recruited a squad of divers to help him in his quest for the cities beneath the Bay of Aboukir, and has equipped them and their boats with the latest in high-tech exploration gear such as side-scan sonar, magnetometers and links to global positioning satellites.
		That fault extends from the Gulf of Suez northwest past the Bay of Aboukir and on into the Mediterranean past Crete, while a second crosses beneath the ocean almost parallel to the coast of North Africa from Malta to Cairo.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2000/12/17/MN160275.DTL (707 words)

	FifthVanguard
		HMS Vanguard, which carried 74 guns and a crew of 595, was one of five flagships commanded by Lord Nelson When he died at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, he was aboard his best-known flagship, HMS Victory.
		was moored in a strong line of battle in Aboukir Bay with gunboats, four frigates and batteries on Aboukir Island to protect their flanks.
		The 850 men of the garrison with Gen d'Henin and his staff, all very emaciated, were successfully evacuated, and the corvette PAPILLON, pierced for 12 guns but only mounting 6, the brig TROIS AMIS, transport, and the schooner MARY SALLY with 40 or 50 barrels of powder were brought out.
	battleshiphmsvanguard.homestead.com /FifthVanguard.html (1122 words)

	Emma and Lord Nelson \| George Romney 1734 - 1802
		She did not see him again until 1798, after his defeat of the French at Aboukir Bay.
		For the next 18 months, Nelson lived in a mnage--trois with the Hamiltons while his ships were moored in the bay of Naples ready for occasional action.
		There were several excursions and a temporary flight to safety, when Nelson took the King and Queen of Naples and the Hamiltons to safety, in the even more decadent court of the King of Two Sicilies in Palermo.
	www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk /walker/exhibitions/romneyg/emmanelson.asp (757 words)

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