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Topic: Abraham ibn Ezra

	Abenezra (Ibn Ezra) - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ibn Ezra wrote a second commentary on Genesis as he had done on Exodus, but this was never finished.
		The importance of the exegesis of Ibn Ezra consists in the fact that it aims at arriving at the simple sense of the text, the so-called "Pesohat," on solid grammatical principles.
		Among the literature on Ibn Ezra may be especially mentioned: M. Friedlander, Essays on the Writings of Ibn Ezra (London, 1877); W. Bacher, Abraham Ibn Ezra als Grammatiker (Strasburg, 1882); M. Steinschneider, Abraham Ibn Ezra, in the Zeitschrift für Mathematik and Physik, Band xxv., Supplement; D. Rosin, Die Religionsphilosophie Abraham Ibn Ezra's in vols.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Abenezra_(Ibn_Ezra) (761 words)

	Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra's Commentary to the Torah
		Rabbi Abraham ben Meir Ibn Ezra was born and educated in the "Golden Age" of Muslim Spain.
		Ibn Ezra's works of Biblical interpretation were based primarily on a meticulous foundation of Hebrew grammar and philology, and attention to the realia of Biblical life.
		Ibn Ezra was aware of his departures from Rashi's approach; though fact he was not entirely above applying homiletical or allegorical interpretations, as in his commentaries to Ecclesiastes and Song of Songs.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~elsegal/TalmudMap/MG/MGIbnEzra.html (252 words)

	Ibn Ezra
		Ibn Ezra was a poet, astrologist, scientist, and Hebrew grammarian.
		Ibn Ezra's most famous work was his commentary on the Bible.
		Ibn Ezra divided the universe into three "worlds:" the "upper world" of intelligibles or angels; the "intermediate world" of the celestial spheres; and the lower, sublunar "world" which was created in time.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/biography/IbnEzra.html (492 words)

	Abraham Ibn Daud
		Ibn Daud thus reveals himself to be a staunch advocate of the study of philosophy and the use of reason to achieve the correct interpretation of problematical biblical passages.
		Ibn Daud infers the existence of something like the soul from the fact that different natural bodies are characterized by various actions, which can only be explained by positing the existence of an immaterial principle that is added to their corporeality and from which these actions derive.
		Ibn Daud identifies the intelligences, which are also referred to as elevated, simple, separate or incorporeal substances, with the angels in Scripture that are intermediaries between God and man. Indeed, it is precisely their function as secondary causes that turn them into an indispensable element in his thought.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/abraham-daud (7142 words)

	Ibn Rushd [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ibn Rushd's relationship with the Almohad was not merely opportunistic, (considering the support his father and grandfather had given to the Almoravids) for it influenced his work significantly; notably his ability to unite philosophy and religion.
		Ibn Rushd finds pre-existing material forms in Quranic texts such as 11:9, where he maintains that one finds a throne and water pre-existing the current forms of the universe; he contends that the theologians' interpretation of such passages are arbitrary.
		Ibn Rushd’s classification of being begins with accidental substances, which are physical beings, then moves to being of the soul / mind and finally discusses whether the substance existing outside the soul, such as the sphere of the fixed stars, is material or immaterial.
	www.iep.utm.edu /i/ibnrushd.htm (7398 words)

	Abraham Ibn Ezra \| Outcyclopedia, the free and queer encyclopedia
		Rabbi Ezra was a friend and colleague of the philosopher and poet Judah ha-Levi, whose daughter he married.
		Ezra did not proclaim his opinions openly for fear of execution for heresy, though his theories today are generally accepted among Biblical scholars.
		Ezra also wrote commentaries defending the rabbinic oral traditions against the Karaites, a Jewish sect which rejected Talmud in favor of a sole reliance on the Bible.
	outcyclopedia.0catch.com /abrahamezra.html (1042 words)

	Skyscript: The Life and Work of Abraham ibn Ezra by David McCann
		Abraham ben Me'ir ibn Ezra, (known in the Middle Ages as Avenezra), was born at Tudela in Spain (then in the Emirate of Saragossa) in 1092 or 1093.
		Ibn Ezra died in 1167: some say in Rome, others that, knowing his end was approaching, he set out for his native Spain and died just over the frontier.
		Abraham gives a condensed but detailed account of the signs of the zodiac and their subdivisions; the aspects; the houses; the planets and how their natures are affected by position, phase, and aspect; and the planetary parts.
	www.skyscript.co.uk /ezra.html (1987 words)

	Review of Jay F. Shachter, trans. The Commentary of Abraham ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch, volume 5: Deuteronomy
		Abraham ibn Ezra was an intellectual giant of the twelfth century.
		For example, it is unusual that ibn Ezra began his commentary on Deuteronomy by mentioning an interpretation that he had read (or heard) about the phrase in verse 2, "eleven days from Horev by way of Mount Seir." But that is what ibn Ezra did.
		So if a reader were to open ibn Ezra's Hebrew commentary, fail to understand the first words of the commentary and turn to Shachter's translation for help, she or he would expect to find their explanation on the first, not the second page of Shachter's translation.
	www.arts.ualberta.ca /JHS/reviews/review136.htm (886 words)

	Abraham biography
		Abraham had also studied some of the important works on algebra by Arab mathematicians, in particular al-Khwarizmi and al-Karaji.
		Abraham also wrote a number of texts on astronomy; in particular he wrote on the form of the Earth and the calculation of the paths of the stars on the
		Perhaps one of the most important features of Abraham bar Hiyya's work is the fact that it appears to have stimulated an interest in Arabic mathematics and, together with the work of Abraham ibn Ezra, marks the beginning of Hebrew scholarly study of mathematics.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Biographies/Abraham.html (667 words)

	MyJewishLearning.com - Texts: Abraham Ibn Ezra
		But Ibn Ezra is chiefly important and influential in the history of the Jewish religion for his commentaries to the bible, chief of which is his commentary to the Pentateuch.
		Ibn Ezra usually writes in a cryptic style, leaving much room for conjecture as to his meaning, probably because he was aware of the daring nature of some of his ideas which might lead the ignorant to unbelief.
		Ibn Ezra himself favors a fifth method in which, wherever possible, the plain meaning of the text is uncovered and accepted as the true meaning, except, with regard to the laws of the Torah, when this runs counter to the Jewish tradition.
	myjewishlearning.com /texts/bible/Oveview_Bible_Commentary/IbnEzra.htm (1240 words)

	Ezra biography
		Ibn Ezra made his reputation as a scholar and a poet.
		Ibn Ezra translated al-Biruni's commentary on al-Khwarizmi's tables and made interesting comments on the introduction of Indian mathematics into Arabic science in the 8
		Ibn Ezra's writings on grammar and poetry were often motivated by the "paytanim" [Encyclopaedia Britannica.
	www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk /Biographies/Ezra.html (589 words)

	Shlomo (Solomon) ibn Gibirol
		Shlomo (Solomon) ibn Gibirol was one of the outstanding poets during the golden era of Spain, before the notorious Spanish Inquisition.
		In the times of ibn Gibirol, the poets were the philosophers, scientists, grammarians and Torah scholars who put their thoughts and ideas in poems.
		Solomon ibn Gibirol was born in Malaga, a town in the south of Spain at the end of 1021 CE.
	www.jewishmag.com /76mag/ibngavirol/ibngavirol.htm (860 words)

	BRILL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The main focus of this book is the study of Abraham Ibn Ezra’s (1089-1167) scientific thought within the historical and cultural context of his times.
		His scientific contribution may be understood as the very embodiment of ‘the rise of medieval Hebrew science’, a process in which Jewish scholars gradually adopted the holy tongue as a vehicle to express secular and scientific ideas.
		The third and fourth parts study Ibn Ezra’s introductions to his scientific treatises and the fifth part is devoted to studying four ‘encounters’ with Claudius Ptolemy, the main scientific character featuring in Ibn Ezra’s literary work.
	www.brill.nl /product_id11271.htm (388 words)

	Abraham Ben Meir Ibn Ezra: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		...author was Abraham of Tortosa...Shem ov ben Isaac...173 Ibn Verga, in...Kabbalist Meir ibn Gabbai...Mena em ben Abraham Bonafos...Shem ov ben Joseph ibn Shem ov...Tov, Isaac ben Shem ov ibn Shem ov, Abraham Shalom...
		Abraham Isaac Kook: The Lights of Penitence, the Moral Principles, Lights of Holiness, Essays, Letters, and Poems
		IBN EZRA, ABRAHAM BEN MEIR mar, c.1089 1164, Jewish...Robert Brownings "Rabbi Ben Ezra." Aben Ezra is another...Astrological Works of Abraham Ibn Ezra (1927); M. Friedlander...Essays on the Writings of Abraham Ibn Ezra (1877, repr.
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/abraham-ben-meir-ibn-ezra.jsp?l=... (865 words)

	Página principal
		Abraham ibn Ezra's Commentary to the Minor Prophetes.
		The Commentary of Abraham ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch.
		Hoboken, N.J. The Commentary of Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra on Hosea.
	www.angelfire.com /md2/aeehj/biblioexeg.html (2429 words)

	Chapters On Jewish Literature - Chapter X. The Spanish-Jewish Poets (I) (By Israel Abrahams) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Solomon Ibn Gebirol was born in Malaga in 1021, and died in 1070.
		Another Ibn Ezra, Abraham, one of the greatest Jews of the Middle Ages, was born in Toledo before 1100.
		Ibn Ezra was famed, not only for his poetry, but also for his brilliant wit and many-sided learning.
	www.authorama.com /chapters-on-jewish-literature-10.html (1912 words)

	Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra's Commentary on the Creation [Hardcover] :: Eichlers.com - The World's Judaica Store « ...
		With Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra's Commentary on the Creation, the insights and wisdom of one of Judaism's great thinkers can be studies with deeper understanding and a greater appreciation of their importance than was possible in centuries past.
		Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra was one of the outstanding scholars of the Middle Ages.
		Although Ibn Ezra's commentary has been studied for centuries and is printed in nearly every edition of the Torah published, much of his brilliance has been lost to contemporary students.
	www.eichlers.com /details.cfm?Group_ID=447&Product_ID=573 (334 words)

	Ibn Ezra, Abraham ben Meir - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		IBN EZRA, ABRAHAM BEN MEIR [Ibn Ezra, Abraham ben Meir], c.1089-1164, Jewish grammarian, commentator, poet, philosopher, and astronomer, b.
		He was the inspiration for Robert Browning's "Rabbi Ben Ezra." Aben Ezra is another form of his name.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "Ibn Ezra, Abraham ben Meir" at HighBeam.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/I/IbnE1zra.asp (329 words)

	Ezra Abraham - Biography, Photos, and more - Moviefone
		Abraham ben Meir ibn Ezra -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Abraham ben Meir ibn Ezra poet, grammarian, traveller, Neoplatonic philosopher, and astronomer, best known as a biblical exegete whose commentaries...
		Ibn Ezra, Abraham ben Meir, c.1089?1164, Jewish grammarian, commentator, poet, philosopher, and astronomer, b.
	movies.aol.com /celebrity/ezra-abraham/137/main (92 words)

	Rabbi Ben Ezra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In order to understand the character of Rabbi Ben Ezra, it is important to know that Abraham Ibn Ezra was pushed out of his home land of Spain and forced to become a sojourner in foreign lands.
		Ibn Ezra’s greatest achievements were his commentaries on the books of the Old Testament, and he was a strong believer in the immortality of the soul.
		The main theme of Rabbi Ben Ezra is the "unity of life." Using the present life as best possible is important for advancement into the future.
	www3.baylor.edu /~Jesse_Airaudi/rabbiben.html (392 words)

	ibn ezra text here (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Abraham Ibn Ezra (1089-1164 CE) was a medieval Jewish scholar who wrote (among many other things) a number of well-regarded astrological treatises.
		But Ibn Ezra goes beyond those other works by incorporating material that is useful for magical-spiritual practices as well as techniques in specialized fields.
		Even more than Morinus, Ibn Ezra provides handy and thorough lists of what planets in the houses and in relation to each other really mean.
	www.bendykes.com /bookrecommendations/ibnezra.htm (372 words)

	Centre for Jewish Studies, University of Manchester, SHLOMO SELA, THE SECULARISATION OF THE HOLOY TONGUE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		His historical fate was similar to Judah Ibn Tibbon's in that he was compelled to abandon al-Andalus in the forties of the twelfth century (1148) as result of the invasion of the Almohades.
		Abraham Ibn Ezra (ca.1089-ca.1167) rose to fame principally because of his outstanding Hebrew biblical exegesis, but he also wrote religious and secular poetry, a series of religious-theological monographs, grammatical treatises, and very significant scientific corpus of roughly thirty treatises.
		Ibn Ezra preferred biblical words over other common and more normative expressions, because in his opinion the available biblical vocabulary occasionally holds some original and authentic scientific meanings that represent some of the most central concepts of nature and reality.
	www.art.man.ac.uk /RELTHEOL/JEWISH/sela04.htm (1038 words)

	References for Ezra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		F D Esteban (ed.), Abraham ibn Ezra and his age : Proceedings of the international symposium (Madrid, 1990).
		I Twersky and J Harris (eds.), Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra : Studies in the writings of a twelfth century Jewish polymath (Cambridge MA, 1993).
		A R Amir-Moéz, Comparison of the methods of Ibn Ezra and Karkhi, Scripta Math.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /history/Printref/Ezra.html (152 words)

	JUDAICA & PHILOSOPHY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The writings of Abraham Ibn Ezra (1089-1167) include biblical exegesis and theological treatises as well as a scientific corpus written for the first time in Hebrew, which can be regarded as ``the beginning of Hebrew Science''.
		In this book the author examines the way in which Ibn Ezra inserts scientific data in his exegetical- theological works, a novel method which results in the discovery of new scientific and theological insights.
		Ibn Ezra is outstanding also in the way in which he harmoniously combines his scientific perspective with his commitment to Jewish culture and tradition.
	www.biu.ac.il /Press/judaica.htm (2036 words)

	COMMENTARY ABRAHAM IBN EZRA ON PENTATEUCH VOL 5 DEVARIM
		Poet, Biblical commentator, grammarian, astronomer, mathematician—Abraham ibn Ezra was one of the most remarkable men of his time and one of the relatively few whose works have become the heritage of all those who wish to understand the Hebrew Bible properly.
		Because of their many-faceted character and elusive language, his commentaries are often difficult to understand in their original Hebrew, and have thus inspired many super-commentaries.
		Here for the first time is an English translation of ibn Ezra’s commentary on the Book of Leviticus, and the Book of Deuteronomy based on those super-commentaries, in a style which is both faithful to the original and yet enables those who wish to fathom his meaning to do so.
	www.ktav.com /product_info.php?products_id=1929 (308 words)

	Gersonides
		As Goldstein has demonstrated, this conjunction was predicted already by Ibn Ezra, and repeated by Abraham Bar Hiyya in his Megillat ha-Megalleh where the conjunction was associated with a date of messianic significance that would supposedly take effect in 1358 (Goldstein, 1990, p.
		The conjunction was codified by Levi ben Abraham ben Hayyim in his encyclopedia Livyat Hen, indicating an awareness in the Jewish community of the messianic significance of this conjunction.
		According to North, Ibn Ezra was the earliest scholar to record one of the seven methods for the setting up of the astrological houses; Gersonides then computed the astrological houses for the prognostication of 1345 according to Ibn Ezra's method.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/gersonides (6270 words)

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