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Topic: Abscisic acid

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	Abscisic Acid
		Abscisic acid is a single compound unlike the auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins.
		The name abscisic acid (ABA) was coined by a compromise between the two groups.
		In 1963, abscisic acid was first identified and characterized by Frederick Addicott and his associates.
	www.plant-hormones.info /abscisicacid.htm (532 words)

	Abscisic Acid (ABA)
		The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is the major player in mediating the adaptation of the plant to stress.
		It is, in fact, this action that gave rise to the name abscisic acid.
		The dropping of leaves in the autumn is a vital response to the onset of winter when ground water is frozen — and thus cannot support transpiration — and snow load would threaten to break any branches still in leaf.
	users.rcn.com /jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/ABA.html (467 words)

	AbscisicAcid.com: Abscisic Acid Producers & Plant Biology Biochemicals
		The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays regulatory roles in a host of physiological processes in all higher as well as in lower plants (Davies and Jones, 1991; Zeevaart and Creelman, 1988).
		Abscisic acid mediates stress tolerance responses in higher plants, is a key signal compound that regulates stomatal aperture and, in concert with other plant signaling compounds, is implicated in mediating responses to pathogens and wounding.
		Abscisic acid is known to have numerous hormonal functions and uses (Addicott, F.T., Abscisic Acid, New-York, Praeger, 1983).
	www.abscisicacid.com (989 words)

	What is abscisic acid?
		Abscisic acid is defined as a plant hormone that mainly acts to inhibit growth, promotes dormancy, and to help the plant tolerate stressful conditions.
		Abscisic acid is named so because it was believed that this hormone caused the abscission of leaves from deciduous trees in the fall.
		The ratio between abscisic acid and gibberellins determine if the dormancy of the terminal buds is controlled by a balance of hormones by the absolute concentration of abscisic acid in dormant seeds when it is an inhibitor of germination.
	ks.essortment.com /whatisabscisic_rjdl.htm (538 words)

	The abscisic acid research site
		Abscisic acid is a key factor regulating transpiration, stress responses, germination of seeds and embryogenesis.
		Cline MG, Oh C (2006) A reappraisal of the role of abscisic acid and its interaction with auxin inapical dominance.
		Peng YB, Zou C, Wang DH, Gong HQ, Xu ZH, Bai SN (2006) Preferential localization of abscisic acid in primordial and nursing cells ofreproductive organs of Arabidopsis and cucumber.
	ri.imb.nrc.ca /abscisicacid (1062 words)

	Botany online: Plant hormones - Phytohormones - Abscisic Acid (ABA)
		Cotton fruits became a suitable source for the isolation amounts large enough to elucidate the chemical structure (F. ADDINCOTT and collaborators 1961, 1963, 1969, B. Abscisic acid (ABA) is identical with a substance that causes bud dormancy in wooden perennial plants.
		Moreover was a regulating effect of abscisic acid on the water balance observed.
		As soon as the water supply of cut wheat leaf blades is interrupted and the cell turgor decreases raises the concentration of ABA forty-fold within four hours.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/e31/31e.htm (772 words)

	ABSCISIC ACID
		Abscisic acid is one of five (or more) major plant hormones (Auxin, Cytokinins, Gibberellins, Ethylene and Abscisic acid).
		[abscisic acid, cimetacarb, daminozide, dikegulac, maleic hydrazide, mefluidide, and morphologically active substances (morphactins: chlorfluren, chlorflurenol, dichlorflurenol, flurenol)].
		Auxin is one of five (or more) major plant hormones (Auxin, Cytokinins, Gibberellins, Ethylene and Abscisic acid) which affect numerous plant growth processes functions including cell division and elongation, autumnal loss of leaves, and the formation of buds, roots, flowers, and fruit.
	www.chemicalland21.com /lifescience/agro/ABSCISIC%20ACID.htm (354 words)

	Abscisic Acid Stimulates a Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase in Grape Berry1[W] - Health - RedOrbit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		It has been demonstrated that calcium plays a central role in mediating abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, but many of the Ca^sup 2+^- binding sensory proteins as the components of the ABA-signaling pathway remain to be elucidated.
		The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates many important events during both vegetative and reproductive growth of plants as well as in plants' adaptation to their environment.
		The predicted amino acid sequence exhibits the modular structure typical for CDPKs (Harmon et al., 2001) comprising an N-terminal variable region, a kinase domain, an autoinhibitory junction domain, and a CaM-like domain with four conserved EF-hand motifs implicated in Ca^sup 2+^ binding.
	www.redorbit.com /news/health/410438/abscisic_acid_stimulates_a_calciumdependent_protein_kinase_in_grape_berry1w/index.html?source=r_health (8201 words)

	HORMONAL STATUS IN GRAPE BERRY DURING RIPENING: IMPORTANCE OF CALCIUM TO POLYAMINE AND ABSCISIC ACID SYNTHESIS
		Calcium, abscisic acid and polyamines are essential elements for the growth and the development of the higher plants.
		The evolution and the distribution of calcium, abscisic acid and different categories of polyamines were analyzed in berries during ripening to better understand the role of calcium on polyamine and abscisic acid biosynthesis.
		The application of calcium induced a delay in the ripening process and was accompanied by an increase in abscisic acid and a decrease in polyamines due to polyamine catabolism.
	www.actahort.org /books/689/689_28.htm (230 words)

	Xuemin (Sam) Wang
		A bifurcating pathway directs abscisic acid effects on stomatal closure and opening in Arabidopsis.
		Regulatory functions of phospholipase D and phosphatidic acid in plant growth development, and stress responses.
		Phospholipase Dα1-derived phosphatidic acid interacts with ABI1 phosphatase 2C and regulates abscisic acid signaling.
	www.umsl.edu /divisions/artscience/biology/faculty/wang.html (328 words)

	Visualizing Changes in Cytosolic-Free Ca2+ during the Response of Stomatal Guard Cells to Abscisic Acid -- McAinsh et ...
		Visualizing Changes in Cytosolic-Free Ca2+ during the Response of Stomatal Guard Cells to Abscisic Acid -- McAinsh et al.
		Abscisic acid signal transduction in guard cells is mediated by phospholipase D activity
		Abscisic acid induces oscillations in guard-cell cytosolic free calcium that involve phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C
	www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/abstract/4/9/1113 (641 words)

	Incorporation of Oxygen into Abscisic Acid and Phaseic Acid from Molecular Oxygen -- Creelman and Zeevaart 75 (1): 166 ...
		Abscisic acid accumulates in detached, wilted leaves of Xanthium
		in the abscisic acid molecule is derived from molecular oxygen.
		of abscisic acid which is converted to abscisic acid under conditions
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/abstract/75/1/166 (284 words)

	(+/-)-cis,trans-Abscisic Acid by A.G. Scientific, Biochemical Manufacturer
		Himmelbach, A., M. Iten, E. Grill., Signaling of Abscisic Acid to Regulate Plant Growth., 1998., 353(1374):, 1439-1444., 2.
		Mutational Analysis of Protein Phosphatase 2C Involved in Abscisic Acid Signal Transduction in Higher Plants., Proc.
		Abscisic Acid Signaling Through Cyclic ADP-Ribose in Plants., Science., 1997., 278(5346):, 2126-2130., 5.
	www.agscientific.com /Item/A1094.htm (161 words)

	Abscisic Acid—The Plant Stress Hormone
		For example, researchers have long known that a hormone called abscisic acid (ABA) plays a role in how plants respond to weather stresses, such as cold and drought.
		ARS plant physiologist Kay Walker-Simmons and chemist Sue Abrams, who's with the National Research Council of Canada, discovered features of the ABA molecule that affect wheat and barley plants.
		"Abscisic Acid—The Plant Stress Hormone" was published in the January 2001 issue of Agricultural Research magazine.
	www.ars.usda.gov /is/AR/archive/jan01/acid0101.htm (908 words)

	Role of abscisic acid in plant stress tolerance
		Schematic representation of biosynthetic pathways of abscisic acid.
		The LEA proteins are divided into six groups based on deduced amino acid sequence homologies and dot matrix analysis with proteins from cotton.
		Each group has a stretch of amino acid sequences which is highly conserved among the proteins belonging to that group.
	www.ias.ac.in /currsci/may10/articles17.htm (4880 words)

	abscisic acid definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta
		abscisic acid definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta
		Search for "abscisic acid" in all of MSN Encarta
		Small business becomes a big deal on campus
	encarta.msn.com /dictionary_1861695263/abscisic_acid.html (63 words)

	duckweed
		Weatherwax, S.C., Williams, S.A., Tingay, S., and Tobin, E.M. (1998) The phytochrome response of the Lemna NPR1 gene is mediated primarily through changes in abscisic acid levels.
		A homolog of a yeast ABC transporter was isolated from Spirodela.
		Transcripts of this gene accumulated following treatment with abscisic acid, and this induction was repressed by the adenine-derived hormone, kinetin.
	www.mobot.org /jwcross/duckweed/duckweed-biochem-physiol.htm (1072 words)

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