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Topic: Absolute zero

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	Absolute zero - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature where nothing could be colder and no heat energy remains in a substance.
		Absolute zero is the point at which the fundamental particles of nature have minimal vibrational motion, retaining only quantum mechanical, zero-point energy-induced particle motion.
		As mentioned, absolute or thermodynamic temperature is conventionally measured in kelvins (Celsius-size degrees), and increasingly rarely in the Rankine scale (Fahrenheit-size degrees).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Absolute_zero (1806 words)

	Absolute Zero - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Absolute zero is -273.15° C (-459.67° F), or...
		This is true only if an absolute temperature scale, on which the zero-point is the absolute zero of temperature, is used.
		Absolute Temperature, a temperature expressed on a scale that takes absolute zero as its own zero point.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Absolute_Zero.html (123 words)

	absolute zero
		Although it might be expected that all particle motion would stop at absolute zero, this is not in fact the case.
		A strange outcome of this fact is that the closely packed electrons in a metal at absolute zero would have the same energy as an ordinary gas at 50,000°C.
		Denoted by zero degrees on the Kelvin scale (0 K = -273.16°C), absolute zero is physically unattainable according to the third law of thermodynamics.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/A/abszero.html (291 words)

	Absolute Zero...
		Modern atomic theory shows that the atoms of a solid (or a liquid in the case of helium) at absolute zero have a store of kinetic energy, called zero point energy, which may be considerable.
		As a matter of fact, the zero point energy of liquid helium is so large (three times as large as the heat of vaporization) that a crystal of helium under its own vapor pressure would be unstable.
		Absolute Zero simply signifies the coldest something can possibly get (which is not all the way to the point of NO motion).
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?t=5618 (1627 words)

	Absolute Zero
		Absolute Zero is a unique blend of explosiveness, subtlety, complexity, and avant garde music, all tempered with lyrics that speak to the poor and oppressed.
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	www.furious.com /perfect/absolutezero.html (2112 words)

	Reaching Absolute Zero
		Getting to absolute zero is less a matter of cooling something to 0 degrees Kelvin (-273 C or -459.6 F) than it is to designing a way to measure the temperature once you get there.
		A consequence of the laws of thermodynamics is that it requires an infinite amount of work to attain absolute zero.
		Now it is possible to achieve "temperatures" extremely close to absolute zero milli- even micro- degrees (provided that the temperature scale is properly established at those temperatures, which is by no means a trivial problem all by itself).
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/chem00/chem00947.htm (552 words)

	Absolute Zero [www.progweed.net]
		The seeds of Absolute Zero were sewn over twenty five years ago, and through persistence and determination, have grown into an amazing outfit.
		According to Absolute Zero, 'Music is a Revolution', and the band has sought to champion the cause of forward thinking ideas and sounds through their unique brand of controlled mayhem.
		Absolute Zero's uncompromising vision has unfortunately never allowed the release of their music to come to complete fruition.
	www.progweed.net /reviews/absolutezero/absolutezero-band.html (799 words)

	Absolute Zero - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Absolute Zero - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Absolute Zero, lowest temperature theoretically possible, characterized by complete absence of heat.
		Five different temperature scales are in use today: the Celsius scale, known also as the Centigrade scale, the Fahrenheit scale, the Kelvin scale,...
	encarta.msn.com /Absolute_Zero.html (132 words)

	Absolute Zero!
		The temperature scale (measured from 0 K) is shown on a logarithmic scale, with T increasing by factors of 10, so that absolute zero itself is not shown.
		The frequency of this electromagnetic radiation is proportional to the absolute temperature.
		Near absolute zero, we can often ascribe different temperatures to various components within a single material, such as the nuclei, the conduction electrons (in a metal) and the atomic vibrations, each of which has thermal energy.
	www.ph.rhbnc.ac.uk /schools/ZeroT/Absolute.html (1636 words)

	Absolute Zero and the Conquest of Cold
		Note that the definition of absolute zero is independent of the type of thermometer used.
		Currently Absolute Zero is scheduled to air on PBS in the Spring of 2007.
		The program is based largely on Tom Shachtman’s 1999 acclaimed book Absolute Zero and the Conquest of Cold, which is an epic story that follows a trail of eccentric characters ranging from a 17th century court magician whose alchemy brought air conditioning to Westminster Abbey to the original Captain Birdseye who invented frozen food.
	www.absolutezerocampaign.org /about/faqs.htm (453 words)

	Third law of thermodynamics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The third law of thermodynamics is an axiom of nature regarding entropy and the impossibility of reaching absolute zero of temperature.
		The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system at zero is a well-defined constant.
		If the entropy of each element in some (perfect) crystalline state be taken as zero at the absolute zero of temperature, every substance has a finite positive entropy; but at the absolute zero of temperature the entropy may become zero, and does so become in the case of perfect crystalline substances.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Third_law_of_thermodynamics (622 words)

	1/29/92 - What is absolute zero? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		On the Fahrenheit scale, water freezes at a temperature of 32º Fahrenheit and boils at 212º F. Absolute zero on this scale is not at 0º Fahrenheit, but rather at -459º Fahrenheit.
		On the Celsius scale, absolute zero corresponds to a temperature of -273º Celsius.
		On this scale, water freezes at 273 K and boils at 373 K. Only on the Kelvin temperature scale does absolute zero actually fall at 0 K. The accompanying diagram compares the three temperatures scales.
	www.pa.msu.edu /~sciencet/ask_st/012992.html (292 words)

	Zoom Astronomy Glossary: A
		Absolute magnitude is a measure of the inherent brightness of a celestial object.
		This scale is defined as the apparent magnitude a star would have if it were seen from a standard distance of 32.6 light-years (10 parsecs).
		Absolute zero would occur at -273.16°C, -459.69°F, or 0 K. Absorption Lines are dark lines superimposed over a bright continuous absorption spectrum.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /subjects/astronomy/glossary (4918 words)

	Absolute Zero® Official Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Absolute Zero composes the bulk of its present-day music for performance and recording.
		Absolute Zero is being played on at least 25 confirmed radio stations in New England.
		Absolute Zero premiers its new lineup and material in concert at the Institute of Contemporary Arts in Boston.
	www.absolute-zero.net (2058 words)

	WMAP Site Help Glossary
		However, because the CMB is so cold, 2.75 K (degrees above absolute zero), the correspondence between antenna temperature and physical temperature breaks down above ~70 GHz in frequency, as shown for example in this plot.
		The difference between the two temperature scales: All motion within an atom ceases at zero Kelvin (K) -- this point is called absolute zero.
		Water freezes at zero degrees Celsius, which is approximately 273.16K.
	map.gsfc.nasa.gov /m_help/h_glossary.html (457 words)

	Website Development, Website Hosting , Website Promotion
		Send it to us, if we post it, we'll send you a free Absolute 0 stuff.
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		Absolute 0 Internet Studios is a proud member of International Referral Network, Inc. - a select group of highly qualified men and women, one in each professional category, who join together for the primary purpose of helping each other succeed in business by networking through the exchange of qualified business referrals.
	www.absolute0.net (254 words)

	Absolute Zero and the Conquest of Cold
		www.absolutezerocampaign.org serves as the “nerve center” for the Absolute Zero national outreach campaign.
		In a manner that implies that ABSOLUTE ZERO sponsors, endorses or is otherwise connected with your own activities, products, or services.
		Absolute Zero copyright materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part by persons, organizations or corporations other than ABSOLUTE ZERO, its affiliates and partners without prior written permission.
	www.absolutezerocampaign.org /terms.htm (982 words)

	Absolute Zero In The News
		Absolute Zero, Inc. moved into its new headquarters and service facility on December 1, 2004.
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	www.absolutezeroaz.com /news.htm (233 words)

	The Absolute Zero's Blog : Fear of poverty, The Absolute Zero blogs on sulekha, Personal blogs, The Absolute Zero blog ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Absolute Zero's Blog : Fear of poverty, The Absolute Zero blogs on sulekha, Personal blogs, The Absolute Zero blog from india
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	the-absolute-zero.sulekha.com /blog/post/2004/07/fear-of-poverty.htm (573 words)

	ABSOLUTE ZERO discography, MP3 and reviews
		I can say that their music is also a maze as much as the band's story is. It's difficult for me to describe this music and its arrangements even my own special way because this is new MUSIC.
		Covering a wide range of influences, ABSOLUTE ZERO plays a very experimental jazz rock, leading their music as an unique b...
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	www.progarchives.com /Progressive_rock_discography_BAND.asp?band_id=681 (284 words)

	Amazon.com: Absolute Zero: Being the Second Part of the Bagthorpe Saga: Books: Helen Cresswell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Absolute Zero is the second book of the Bagthorpe Saga, and in my opinion, it's the best, although the first four in the series are all exceptional.
		Absolute Zero, the 2nd in the Bagthorpes series was the book that hooked me to the Bagthorpe series.
		Jack Bagthorpe was as close as a best friend to me. His misadventures with Zero and his family still make me laugh, smile and want to hear more.
	www.amazon.com /Absolute-Zero-Being-Second-Bagthorpe/dp/0027255506 (1396 words)

	BEC: Temperature and Absolute Zero
		This is called the Absolute scale, and one degree on it is the same as one degree centigrade, which is 9/5 of a degree Fahrenheit.
		The difference between the Centigrade and Absolute scales is the zero label.
		The thermometer shows a comparison of the Absolute (also known as the Kelvin) and Fahrenheit scales of temperature.
	www.colorado.edu /physics/2000/bec/temperature.html (491 words)

	Absolute Zero (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Dear Cassy, The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that it is impossible for a real experimental system to be brought down to a temperature of absolute zero.
		Experimenters are able to get closer and closer as technical advances are made, but never to actual absolute zero.
		In fact, the third law of thermodynamics states that absolute zero is unattainable.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/chem99/chem99541.htm (250 words)

	Absolute Zero (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Absolute zero jacket also won the best of what’s new award for POPULAR SCIENCE magazine and is currently in an exhibition called SKIN at the Cooper-Hewitt National Design museum part of Smithsonian from May 7th-September 15th.
		It is the only material known to man which can insulate up to -50° and which melts at 3000°.It's also the lightest solid in the world; in its purest form it can even float on air Its appearance is similar to dry ice and NASA has in fact called it "FROZEN SMOKE".
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	www.gzespace.com /AbsoluteZ.html (258 words)

	Absolute Zero, Inc.
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	www.absolutezeroaz.com (179 words)

	Absolute Zero and the Conquest of Cold
		The Absolute Zero Outreach Campaign is supported by an ever-expanding group of active, enthusiastic National Partners representing scientific, educational, governmental, and professional organizations -- all of whom share in the adventure of studying the cold and getting ever closer to absolute zero.
		Partners play a crucial role in bringing the excitement of Absolute Zero to their constituents, members and colleagues.
		And across the globe, Partners will help tell the story of Absolute Zero through activities for students in science centers, museums, schools and community centers.
	www.absolutezerocampaign.org /national_partners/index.htm (1556 words)

	What Does Negative Temperature Mean? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Notice that with this definition, E is zero when half of the spins are up and half are down.
		So we have created a system where, as we add more and more energy, temperature starts off positive, approaches positive infinity as maximum entropy is approached, with half of all spins up.
		After that, the temperature becomes negative infinite, coming down in magnitude toward zero, but always negative, as the energy increases toward maximum.
	math.ucr.edu /home/baez/physics/ParticleAndNuclear/neg_temperature.html (1149 words)

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